Richard C. Hoagland

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name = Richard C. Hoagland


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birth_date = birth date and age|1945|4|25
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residence = Placitas, New Mexico, USA
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known_for = Research on the existence of extraterrestrial artifacts and signs of intelligent life
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website = http://www.enterprisemission.com
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Richard C. Hoagland (born April 25, 1945) is an author who claims that advanced civilizations exist or once existed on the moon, Mars and on some of the moons of Jupiter and Saturn, and that NASA and the United States government collaborated to keep these facts secret. His opinions have never been published in peer-reviewed journals. He has published two books, several videotapes, [" [http://www.filmbaby.com/films/423 Hoagland's Mars] " 6hr 13min, categorized as Science Fiction, Film Baby. Retrieved December 7 2007.] lectures, [ [http://www.darkmission.net/authors_appearances.htm Hoagland at the Los Angeles Hilton] , November 4 2007. Retrieved December 7 2007.] documentaries and interviews, ["He regularly appears as a "Science Adviser" on Coast to Coast AM". For example http://www.coasttocoastam.com/shows/2007/10/09.html NASA's Deceptions, broadcast October 9 2007. Retrieved December 7 2007.] and press conferences. [National Press Club, 10/22/07 http://www.democraticunderground.com/discuss/duboard.php?az=view_all&address=102x3049900
Gaithersburg, Maryland, 04/16/04 http://www.paradigmresearchgroup.org/X-Conference2004/press_releases.htm
Washington DC, 03/21/96 http://www.v-j-enterprises.com/hoagnews.html] He has submitted material to a NASA-sponsored public interest outreach. [ [http://www.whitehouse.gov/omb/inforeg/peer2004/42.pdf OMB Peer Review: Public Comment Concerning NASA, cites "Efrain Palermo and Richard Hoagland for their previous research which was submitted as peer reviewed material concerning the feature of water streaks on Mars and the possibility of water actually being able to collect on the surface."] . On [http://palermoproject.com/Martian_Stains.html his web site] , Efrain Palermo writes: "I am not a scientist or a geologist. I am a layman astronomer and an artist."]

Career

Hoagland served as a curator of astronomy & space science [ [http://www.enterprisemission.com/absence.html "In My Absence ..."] from Enterprise Mission website] at the Springfield Museum of Science, located at The Quadrangle in Springfield, Massachusetts, and was a consultant to CBS News during the Apollo program. [http://www.enterprisemission.com/hoagland.html Hoagland biography] from Enterprise Mission website]

Hoagland also co-produced with WTIC (AM) a Peabody Award-nominated radio program, "A Night of Encounter," covering the July 14, 1965, Mariner 4 flyby of the planet Mars. However, the official Peabody Awards entry form (51-65R) lists only Charles Renaud as the producer of the program. [The entry form is held at the Hargrett Rare Book and Manuscript Library at the University of Georgia Libraries in Athens, Georgia, submitted by Paul W. Morency, president of Broadcast-Plaza, Inc.] WTIC announcer Dick Bertel hosted the program and interviewed Hoagland, and the program also featured a conversation between Hoagland and astronomer Dr. Robert S. Richardson, associate director of the Griffith Observatory. [cite news
author= Associated Press
title= Laser Beam Transmits Radio Broadcast
publisher= The Day
date=1965-7-15]

Hoagland has appeared often on "Coast to Coast AM with George Noory" as well as on CNN, the BBC, "UFO Evidence & Conspiracy," and "Mysteries in Space". "Coast to Coast AM" has given him the title of Science Adviser, despite his lack of science credentials [ [http://www.space.com/scienceastronomy/mystery_monday_040315.html space.com, war of the words] ] .

Claims

Hoagland has made numerous claims about the existence of intelligent extraterrestrial life which he supports with manipulated photographic evidence from planetary exploration.

Hoagland, along with Thomas E. Bearden, propose a form of physics that they call 'Hyperdimensional Physics' [ [http://www.enterprisemission.com/_articles/05-22-2004_Bell_Interviews_123/Bell-InterviewPartOne.htm Transcript of Richard Hoagland and David Wilcock interview] , Coast to Coast AM, broadcast 15 May 2004. Retrieved 6 December 2007.] , which they claim represents the full implementation of James Clerk Maxwell's equations, instead of the commonly understood versions of these equations as modified by Oliver Heaviside. A tenet of these views holds that vast amounts of energy originating from dimensions we cannot perceive are available at latitudes 19.5° both south and north on the sun and every planet in the solar system. Hoagland points to the colossal volcano, Olympus Mons, on Mars as the supreme example. The center of Olympus Mons is at 18.3°N 227°E.and the massive shield spans 16°N to 20°N, as shown in the photograph. [ [http://www.esa.int/SPECIALS/Mars_Express/SEM9BA1PGQD_1.html Olympus Mons - the caldera in closeup] , European Space Agency, 11 February 2004. Retrieved 6 December 2007] Hyperdimensional physics is not taught in any recognized institution of learning anywhere in the world, and 19.5° energy on planet Earth has not yet been demonstrated. [The volcanoes Mauna Loa (19°29' N) and Popocatapetl (19°01' N) are fairly close. The 19.5°N latitude also passes near Santiago in Dominica, parts of the Sahara desert, and Pune in India. The 19.5°S latitude passes near Sucre, Bolivia, Antananarivo in Madagascar, and Tennant Creek in Australia's Northern Territory. Venus has at least 160 giant volcanoes, and some of them are likely to be at or near 19.5°. Jupiter's giant red spot is at 22°S]

During guest appearances on "Coast to Coast AM With George Noory," Hoagland references longstanding friendships with scientists from NASA and the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, managed by the California Institute of Technology, who according to Hoagland, provide him with inside information. However, on the radio show 21/22 August 2008, he clearly stated "we do not depend on sources."

Mars, Face on Mars, and Cydonia

Knowledge of conditions on Mars has improved immeasurably in the Space Age, starting with Mariner 4 in 1965 and continuing through 18 successful missions and three partial successes since then. (see the timeline of Mars exploration)

The consensus among professional planetary scientists on the question of life on Mars is that it is improbable. The question is open only to the extent that conditions in the distant past were more favorable to life. The Viking biological experiments of 1976 were just sufficiently enigmatic to allow optimists to believe that, with better technology, Martian microbial life may yet be discovered. Macrobiology, in the form of city-building civilizations, is ruled out at present based on data from the resolution of the best orbital photography (0.3m, or about one foot, per pixel, from the HiRISE telescope on the Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter), which has not revealed remnants of civilization, which at this resolution would be unmistakable. It is however, Hoagland's claim that this question remains open to debate until full disclosure can conclusively resolve apparent image anomolies. [HiRISE imaged the so-called 'Face on Mars' on 5th April 2007 [http://hirise.lpl.arizona.edu/PSP_003234_2210] ]

Hoagland bases much of his argument on the image of the so-called Face on Mars that appears in a 1976 Viking Orbiter photograph taken of the Cydonia region on Mars. [ [http://www.enterprisemission.com/message.htm "The "Message of Cydonia"] from Enterprise Mission website, Hoagland & Torun 1989]

He argues that this feature is an artificial structure built to resemble a face. According to Hoagland, this structure is part of a city built on Cydonia Planitia by extraterrestrial intelligences consisting of very large pyramids and mounds arranged in a geometrical pattern, with the ratios between measured angles roughly equaling mathematical constants like pi, e, the square root of 2, and the golden ratio. [ [http://www.enterprisemission.com/message.htm The "Message of Cydonia"] from Enterprise Mission website, Hoagland & Torun 1989]

To Hoagland, this is evidence that an advanced civilization existed on Mars and that NASA is suppressing the evidence for reasons explained in a Brookings Institution report entitled "Proposed Studies on the Implications of Peaceful Space Activities for Human Affairs," specifically on page 216 of the report which raised the question of whether evidence of extraterrestrial life found in the solar system should be withheld from the public. It is a possibility that such information would destabilize society. [ [http://www.enterprisemission.com/brooking.html The "Brookings Report"] from Enterprise Mission website]

Hoagland also speculates that the ancient Martians may have escaped to Earth and genetically engineered certain human populations, referencing the Mesopotamian myths of the Annunaki and the fallen angels of the Old Testament. The inference he draws, like Zacharia Sitchin et al, is that these human populations may be the genetically engineered children of ancient Martians.

On April 5 1998, the Mars Global Surveyor probe sent back better images of the Cydonia region [ [http://www.msss.com/mars_images/moc/4_6_98_face_release/index.html Mars Orbiter Camera Views the "Face on Mars"] from Malin Space Science Systems] that indicated that the face was an irregularly shaped mountain. Hoagland contends these images were run through multiple filters that degraded the original image in quality, giving it a catbox appearance which obscures what is really on Mars. [ [http://www.enterprisemission.com/shrunk.html "Honey, I shrunk the face"] from Enterprise Mission website, 1998.]

When, on April 8 2001, enhanced images [ [http://www.space.com/scienceastronomy/solarsystem/mars_face_010525-1.html Also from Mars Global Surveyor] ] showed that the feature was not symmetrical, he wrote that the face is actually half hominid (left side) and half feline (right side). [ [http://www.enterprisemission.com/catbox.htm Yes Virginia, It really is a "Catbox ..."] from Enterprise Mission website. In this essay he wrote that he had never claimed that the "face" was symmetrical. However, in a 1993 interview on Australian television, he stated " [the face] has symmetry both in the center ribline and left-and-right". To verify this, search youtube for "hoagland +australian." The captioning says this is from 1992 but it refers to an event that didn't occur until August 1993.]

On September 21 2006, several new 3D views [ [http://www.space.com/php/multimedia/imagedisplay/img_display.php?pic=060921_mars_faceA_02.jpg&c
] ] [ [http://www.space.com/php/multimedia/imagedisplay/img_display.php?pic=060921_mars_faceB_02.jpg&c
] ] derived from the high-resolution stereo camera on the European Space Agency's Mars Express orbiter. In response to their publication Hoagland remarked "Science is not about what you can see. It's about what you can measure,". Mike Bara, Hoagland's co-author, has accused the European Space Agency, which released that photo set, of fraud. [ [http://www.darkmission.net/marsexpress-1.htm Bara, Mike; "Face it; it’s a Face - (The Sequel)"; darkmission.net] ]

The image from the HiRISE camera on Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter, released in April 2007, was so detailed that even Hoagland appears to have conceded the point. In the epilogue to his book released the following October, he no longer claims that the entire mesa is a face, instead pointing out details within the MRO frame that he says are "obviously collapsed geometric ruins." [Hoagland & Bara, op. cit. pp. 535-41]

Other claims:
* Rocks on Mars containing biological fossils were purposely destroyed by NASA's rover MER-B ("Opportunity"). [ [http://www.enterprisemission.com/_articles/03-08-2004/crinoid_cover-up.htm "The Curious Case of the NASA Crinoid Cover-Up"] from Enterprise Mission website, 2004]
* The true color of Mars is salmon red with patches of greenish plant life and a light blue sky. [ [http://www.enterprisemission.com/colors.htm "Revealing the True Colors of NASA …"] from Enterprise Mission website, 2002]
* (Adapted with acknowledgment from Tom Van Flandern) Mars was once the moon of a larger planet, that then exploded, leaving Mars isolated. [ [http://www.enterprisemission.com/tides.htm "A New Model of Mars as a Former Captured Satellite: Bi-Modal Distribution Of Key Features Due To Ancient Tidal Stress?"] from Enterprise Mission website]
* The advanced civilization on Mars had prior warning of the cataclysm and so escaped via migration to planet Earth, eventually adapting to the environment and becoming the present human race. [ [http://www.coasttocoastam.com/shows/2003/12/26.html Coast to Coast AM, 12/26/03] ]
* Numerous objects surrounding the landing sites of the Mars Exploration Rovers are in fact pieces of Martian machinery. [ [http://www.enterprisemission.com/spirit.htm "Machinery Found at Spirit Landing Site"] from Enterprise Mission website, 2004]

Life on Europa

Hoagland claims the theory concerning the presence of oceans, and possibly life, under the surface of Jupiter's moon Europa, originated in an article he published in the January 1980 issue of "Star & Sky" magazine, [ [http://www.enterprisemission.com/europa.html Hoagland article from "Star & Sky" reproduced at enterprisemission.com] ] . This claim is disputed by Ralph Greenberg, a professor of Mathematics at the University of Washington, who asserts that such theories were widely known in the 1970s, pointing out that Isaac Asimov, for example, promoted them in his 1979 book "Extraterrestrial Civilizations". [ [http://www.math.washington.edu/~greenber/EuropaHistory.html "An Ocean on Europa?"] ] [ [http://www.gpposner.com/Hoagland.html "A skeptical look at RCH, by Gary Posner] ] Hoagland himself references the work of "Cassen, Peale, and Reynolds" in the article. [ [http://www.enterprisemission.com/images/europa14.jpgArticle page on which Hoagland references Cassen, Peale, and Reynolds.] ] Their computer modeling work looked at the possibility that tidal heating could maintain an ocean beneath the icy surface. ["Is There Liquid Water on Europa?" (Geophysical Research Letters, Vol. 6, September 1979)] Other work on the subject, including speculation concerning life, had been published throughout the 1970s, going as far back as 1971. [http://www.gpposner.com/Hoagland.html Posner, Gary P. "The Face Behind the 'Face' on Mars: A Skeptical Look at Richard C. Hoagland"; 1990] ]

The Moon

The consensus among scientists who study the moon is that it is, and has always been, lifeless. [ [http://www.daviddarling.info/encyclopedia/M/Moonlife.html Article on lunar life at the Internet Encyclopedia of Science] ] Although a certain quantity of water ice was detected by the Clementine mission of 1994 in high-latitude craters, selenologists are fairly certain that there is not sufficient water to support microbial life. Macrobiology, such as a technology-building civilization, is, by this widely accepted view, out of the question. No trace of biology has ever been detected in the moon rocks available for study on Earth.

Richard Hoagland rejects this entire body of work, and promotes the following alternative ideas:

* There are large semitransparent structures constructed of glass on the lunar surface, visible in some Apollo photography when the images are manipulated. [ [http://www.darkmission.net/what_if.htm Hasselblad frame # AS12-46-6807, as manipulated by Hoagland. The artifact almost covering the astronaut is a reflection of the camera's 5-leaf iris] ]
* NASA is suppressing knowledge of an ancient civilization on the Moon. The advanced technology of this civilization is lying around on the Moon's surface. [ [http://www.lunaranomalies.com/patent.htm Troy, Steve; "'Patent-Leather' Truth " lunaranomalies.com] ] [ [http://www.enterprisemission.com/earth.html Hoagland, Richard; Earth Rising over the Moon at enterprisemission.com] ] [ [http://www.enterprisemission.com/datashead.htm Hoagland, Richard; "Data’s Head"; enterprisemission.com] ]
* The 12 moon-walkers, who would be well qualified to confirm the existence of lunar artifacts and glass structures, have had their memories selectively edited so that they no longer remember seeing evidence of a lunar civilization. ["Coast to Coast AM," 7 August 2007]
*A feature in an image of the lunar surface, mistakenly believed by professional planetary scientists to be a rock formation, is actually the severed head of a robot. [Hoagland & Bara, op. cit. "The Data Head"; enterprisemissions.com]

U.S. government conspiracy

* The United States government has covered up the presence of extraterrestrials. In this he has support from ex-Pentagon official Colonel Philip J. Corso, as detailed in his book "The Day After Roswell" [ [http://www.enterprisemission.com/oh_my_god.htm Hoagland, Richard; "Oh My God! They Killed Soho!"; enterprisemission.com] ] [ [http://www.enterprisemission.com/catbox.htm Hoagland, Richard; "Yes Virginia, It really is a "Catbox ..."; enterprisemission.com] ] [ [http://www.enterprisemission.com/clinton.html Hoagland, Richard; An Open Letter to President Clinton at enterprisemission.com] ] [ [http://www.enterprisemission.com/jupiter.html Hoagland, Richard; "Galileo's Most Marvelous Discovery ?"; enterprisemission.com] ]
* The Space Agency murdered the Apollo 1 astronauts. [http://www.enterprisemission.com/lib7.htm Hoagland, Richard; Article on the raising of Gus Grissom's "Liberty Bell" capsule at enterprisemisssion.com] ]
* NASA missions to Mars are a "well documented interest of the Bush family." [ [http://www.enterprisemission.com/skeptik.htm "CSICOP Turns its Eye on Hoagland—And Gets it Blackened in The Attempt"; enterprisemission.com] ] [ [http://www.enterprisemission.com/ody.htm Hoagland, Richard; "Will Mars Odyssey Finally Let The "Cat Out of The Bag?"; enterprisemission.com] ]
* There is a clandestine space program, using antigravity technology reverse-engineered from lunar artifacts and communicated by secret societies. The capabilities of this technology include causing comets to explode. [http://www.coasttocoastam.com/shows/2007/11/23.html#j "JFK & Comet Holmes"; coasttocoastam.com] ]
* President John F. Kennedy was assassinated by an agency or agencies bitterly opposed to his stated policy [The offer was made during a [http://www.famousquotes.me.uk/speeches/John_F_Kennedy/9.htm speech] to the UN General Assembly, Sept. 20 1963] of inviting Khruschev to create a joint U.S.—Soviet manned lunar effort.
* Federal agencies such as FEMA and NASA are linked to Freemasonry. [ [http://www.enterprisemission.com/table_of_coincidence.htm Hoagland, Richard; "Table of 'Coincidence': A Guide to the Improbable at NASA and in History" at enterprisemission.com] ] [ [http://www.enterprisemission.com/dore.htm Hoagland, Richard; "A Hoax is a Hoax, of Course, of Course ... Unless its a Hoax of a Different Color" at enterprisemission.com] ] [ [http://www.enterprisemission.com/weblog/2005/09/hyperdimensional-katrina-new-evidence.html Hoagland, Richard; "Hyperdimensional Katrina": New Evidence" enterprisemission.com; September 5, 2005] ]

Other claims

* Hoagland was awarded an "International Angstrom Medal for Excellence in Science" in 1993. [ [http://www.enterprisemission.com/images/rich-ang.jpgThe Angstrom Medal; enterprisemission.com] ] This was an unauthorized and unofficial award, given to Hoagland by the Angstrom Foundation Aktiebolag (AFAB), and without the permission of the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences or Uppsala University.
* Hoagland has asserted that he was the "co-creator" of the Pioneer 10 plaque along with Eric Burgess; however, according to accounts by Burgess and others, Hoagland was simply present when Burgess made the suggestion to Carl Sagan that Pioneer 10 carry some type of message to the stars. The design and execution of the message was done by Sagan and others.
*The Saturnian moon Iapetus is an artificial world. [http://www.enterprisemission.com/moon1.htm Hoagland, Richard; "Moon with a View"; enterprisemission.com; 2005] ] Hoagland speculated that Iapetus might be a fully or partially artificially constructed world by an ancient (and likely long-gone) extraterrestrial civilization. His conjecture relies on the moon's equatorial ridge, his perception of a geodesic shape (a moon of Iapetus's size ought to be compressed into an approximately spherical or ellipsoid form under pressures generated by its own gravity), and his claims of rectangular or linear structures in a close examination of surface features. (See JPEG Compression Artifacts) This was an expansion of the 1980 theory of Donald Goldsmith and Tobias Owen, who suggested that the striking bicoloration of Iapetus might be the result of alien modification of a natural object. [citation
surname1=Goldsmith|given1=Donald
surname2=Owen|given2=Tobias
year=2002
title=The Search for Life in the Universe
edition=second
publisher=Addison Wesley
id=ISBN 0201569493 ]
* The Galileo spacecraft, which burnt up in Jupiter's atmosphere, caused a mysterious black spot due to its nuclear payload [ [http://www.enterprisemission.com/NukingJupiter.html Hoagland, Richard; "Did NASA Accidentally “Nuke” Jupiter?" enterprisemission.com; 2003] ]
* The Arecibo message was intentionally altered by author Carl Sagan. [ [http://www.enterprisemission.com/glyph2.htm Hoagland, Richard; "The Chilbolton Crop Glyphs: A Message Finally Received -- In Answer to Carl Sagan?" enterprisemission.com] ]
* The 9/11 attacks were part of a pseudo-Masonic conspiracy. [ [http://www.enterprisemission.com/tower2.htm Hoagland, Richard; "Who's The Enemy:—The "End of Days" Begun?" enterprisemission.com] ] [ [http://www.enterprisemission.com/bauval.htm Hoagland, Richard; "Robert Bauval Adds to The "9-11" Mystery" enterprisemission.com] ]
* On December 9, 2007, Hoagland wrote [ [NASA Will NEVER Solve theShuttle ”ECO Sensor Problem” … Alone http://www.enterprisemission.com/sensor.htm] ] that the vexatious problems NASA was then having with the “ECO” low-fuel sensors in the space shuttle main fuel tank were due to what he called “Torsion Physics” and would never be resolved by conventional engineering. On February 7, 2008, STS-122 launched successfully. In the postlaunch press conference mission managers reported that the ECO sensors had performed flawlessly. The problem had been traced to an external tank feed-through connector—and corrected using perfectly conventional engineering [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/STS-122#ECO_sensor_troubleshooting_and_recovery] . The mission ended, as planned, on February 20—and was called a complete success. Hoagland offered no apology for his error.
* Orbital parameters of spin-stabilized satellites are influenced by an anti-gravity field in addition to the energy imparted by their launch rockets. Despite the fact that many such satellites have been successfully launched into their planned orbits, the anti-gravity effect was kept secret for fifty years until revealed by Hoagland in August 2008 [ [http://www.enterprisemission.com/Von_Braun.htm Von Braun's 50-Year-Old Secret] NOTE: The mathematical calculation on this page is totally wrong. dV of the solid stages of the Juno rocket was actually in excess of 14,000 ft/s.] .

Responses by scientists

*Astronomer Phil Plait has described Hoagland as a "pseudoscientist" and his claims as "ridiculous."
* In 2002, Ralph Greenberg, Professor of Mathematics at University of Washington, Seattle, wrote a paper asserting that the logic of Hoagland's deductions from the geometry of Cydonia Mensae is flawed. [ [http://www.math.washington.edu/~greenber/DMPyramid.html "THE D&M PYRAMID ON MARS AND RICHARD HOAGLAND'S THEORIES ABOUT CYDONIA] ]
* In 1995 Malin Space Science Systems, NASA prime contractor for planetary imaging, published a paper critiquing claims that the 'city' at Cydonia is artificial, the claimed mathematical relationships, and — very specifically — denying any conspiracy to conceal data from the public. [ [http://www.msss.com/education/facepage/face_discussion.html Malin, Michael C.; "Observations of the 'Face on Mars' and similar features by the Mars Global Surveyor Orbiter Camera"; msss.com; 1995] ]
* The claim that the Galileo Probe caused a "mysterious black spot" has since been disputed by both NASA and debunker Phil Plait. There is photographic evidence that a similar "black spot" was present in imagery of Jupiter taken in 1998. A second image referenced by Plait shows a dark ring which bears no resemblance to the spot Hoagland cited. [cite web|url=http://photojournal.jpl.nasa.gov/catalog/PIA01496|title=PIA01496: Jovian Dark Spot|Publisher=NASA| accessdate = 2006-06-28]

Publications

*cite book | author=Hoagland, Richard C| title=The Monuments of Mars: A City on the Edge of Forever | location=Los Angeles | publisher=Frog, Ltd. 5th ed. | year=2002 | id=ISBN 978-1-583940-54-9
*cite book | author=Hoagland, Richard C and Bara, M| title=Dark Mission - The Secret History of NASA | location= | publisher=Feral House | year=2007 | id=ISBN 978-1-932595-26-0

References

External links

* [http://www.enterprisemission.com Official website]
* [http://www.coasttocoastam.com/guests/16.html Richard Hoagland at Coast-to-Coast AM]
* [http://home.teleport.com/~photoget/angstrom.htm Info on Angstrom Foundation Aktiebolag, which gave Hoagland his medal]