Kallikrein

Kallikrein

Kallikreins (tissue and plasma kallikrein) are peptidases (enzymes that cleave peptide bonds in proteins), a subgroup of the serine protease family.

Functions

They liberate kinins (BK and KD) from the kininogens. [Oikonomopoulou, K., Hansen, K.K., Saifeddine, M., Tea, I., Blaber, M., Blaber, S.I., Scarisbrick, I., Andrade-Gordon, P., Cottrell, G.S., Bunnett, N.W., Diamandis, E.P., and Hollenberg, M.D. "Proteinase-activated receptors, targets for kallikrein signaling" Journal of Biological Chemistry. 281: 32095-112, 2006. ]

It also generates plasmin from plasminogen:

Prekallikrein is the precursor of plasma kallikrein. It can only activate kinins after being activated itself by factor XII or other stimuli.

Genes

There are 15 known kallikreins: KLK1, KLK2, KLK3, KLK4, KLK5, KLK6, KLK7, KLK8, KLK9, KLK10, KLK11, KLK12, KLK13, KLK14, KLK15

Clinical significance

Kallikreins are targets of active investigation by drug researchers as possible biomarkers for cancer. [Borgono, C.A., and Diamandis, E.P. "The emerging roles of human tissue kallikreins in cancer" Nature Reviews Cancer 4: 876-90, 2004.] [Diamandis, E.P., and Yousef, G.M. "Human Tissue Kallikreins: A Family of New Cancer Biomarkers" Clinical Chemistry 48: 1198-1205, 2002.]

Prostate-specific antigen (PSA; hk3, human kallikrein gene 3) and human glandular kallikrein (hK2) are used as tumor markers for prostate cancer.

ee also

* Prekallikrein
* Kinin-kallikrein system
* Kinin
* Aprotinin

References

External links

*


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Look at other dictionaries:

  • Kallikrein — 1 Bändermodell nach PDB  …   Deutsch Wikipedia

  • kallikrein — [kal΄i krē′in] n. any of a group of proteolytic enzymes in the blood, urine, etc. that release a kinin from various globulins * * * …   Universalium

  • kallikrein — [kal΄i krē′in] n. any of a group of proteolytic enzymes in the blood, urine, etc. that release a kinin from various globulins …   English World dictionary

  • Kallikrein — Kal|li|kre|in [griech. kallíkreas = Bauchspeicheldrüse (eigtl. = schönes Fleisch); ↑ in (3)], das; s, e; Syn.: (internat. Freiname:) Kallidinogenase: Sammelbez. für aus inaktiven Vorstufen (Kallikreinogene als Zymogene) proteolytisch freigesetzte …   Universal-Lexikon

  • Kallikrein-related peptidase 4 — Größe …   Deutsch Wikipedia

  • kallikrein — noun Etymology: German, from Greek kallikreas sweetbread, pancreas, from kalli beautiful (from kallos beauty) + kreas flesh more at raw Date: 1930 a hypotensive protease that liberates kinins from blood plasma proteins and is used therapeutically …   New Collegiate Dictionary

  • kallikrein — Plasma serine proteases normally present as inactive prekallikreins which are activated by Hagemann factor. Act on kininogens to produce kinins. Contain an apple domain …   Dictionary of molecular biology

  • kallikrein — noun Any of a set of peptidases, a subgroup of the serine protease family …   Wiktionary

  • kallikrein — A group of enzymes ( e.g., plasma, tissue, pancreatic, urinary, submandibular k.) that can convert kininogen by proteolysis to bradykinin or kallidin; trypsin and …   Medical dictionary

  • Kallikrein — Kalli|krei̱n [zu gr. ϰαλλιϰρεας = Bauchspeicheldrüse; eigtl. = schönes Fleisch] s; s: hormonartiger Wirkstoff der Bauchspeicheldrüse von blutdrucksenkender Wirkung u. Funktion …   Das Wörterbuch medizinischer Fachausdrücke

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