Thomas Hodgkin

:"For the British historian, his nephew, with the same name, see Thomas Hodgkin.Infobox Scientist
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birth_date = August 17, 1798
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death_date = April 5, 1866
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nationality = British
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field = pathologists
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known_for = preventive medicine
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Thomas Hodgkin (August 17, 1798 - April 5, 1866) was a British physician and considered one of the most prominent pathologists of his time and a pioneer in preventive medicine. He is now best known for the first account of Hodgkin's disease, a form of lymphoma and blood disease, in 1832. Hodgkin's work marked the beginning of times when a pathologist was actively involved in the clinical process. He was a contemporary of Thomas Addison and Richard Bright at Guy's Hospital.

Life

Thomas Hodgkin was born to a Quaker family in Pentonville, St. James Parish, Middlesex. He received private education and, in September 1819 he was admitted to St. Thomas's and Guy's Medical School, now part of King's College London. He also studied at the University of Edinburgh, Scotland. In 1821, he went to Italy and France, where he learned to work with the stethoscope, a recent invention of René Laënnec. In 1823, Hodgkin qualified for his M.D. at Edinburgh with a thesis on the physiological mechanisms of absorption in animals.

Hodgkin was a close friend of Sir Moses Montefiore and he accompanied him to Palestine in 1866. There he contracted Dysentery and died on 4 April 1866 and buried in Jaffa.

There is a Blue plaque on his house in Bedford Square, London.

Works

Hodgkin described the disease that bears his name (Hodgkin's lymphoma) in 1832, in a paper titled "On Some Morbid Appearances of the Absorbent Glands and Spleen" [According to ODNB, "On Some Morbid Appearances of the Absorbent Glands and Spleen" was published in "Medico-Chirurgical Transactions", 17, 1832, 68–114) ] . He received 33 years later the eponym through the recognition of British physician Samuel Wilks, who rediscovered the disease. It is a malignancy that produces enlargement of lymphoid tissue, spleen, and liver, with invasion of other tissues. A more benign form is called Hodgkin’s paragranuloma, while a more invasive form is called Hodgkin's sarcoma.

He published as a book his "Lectures on Morbid Anatomy" in 1836 and 1840. His greatest contribution to the teaching of pathology, however, was made in 1829, with his two volumed work entitled "The Morbid Anatomy of Serous and Mucous Membranes", which became a classic in modern pathology.

Hodgkin was one of the earliest defenders of preventive medicine, having published "On the Means of Promoting and Preserving Health" in book form in 1841. Among other early observations were the first description of acute appendicitis, of the biconcave format of red blood cells and the striation of muscle fibers.

References

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title=Thomas Hodgkin and Moses Montefiore; Europe, Asia, and Africa
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year=1988
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title=Thomas Hodgkin: the Southern Retreat and the Oxford case
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year=1988
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title=Thomas Hodgkin and 1832: cholera, colonization, and child labor
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year=1988
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title=Saving the Maoris: Dr Thomas Hodgkin as a physician and social reformer
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last=Rosenfeld
first=L
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year=1986
month=Nov
title=Thomas Hodgkin and Benjamin Guy Babington: friendly rivals and career parallels
journal=Bulletin of the New York Academy of Medicine
volume=62
issue=9
pages=910–7
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last=Aterman
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year=1986
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title=Thomas Hodgkin (1798-1866)
journal=The American Journal of dermatopathology
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pages=157–67
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title=Thomas Hodgkin (1798-1866): morbid anatomist and social activist
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year=1985
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title=Thomas Hodgkin in Jewish history
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last=Kass
first=A M
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year=1983
month=Oct
title=Dr Thomas Hodgkin, Dr Martin Delany, and the "return to Africa"
journal=Medical history
volume=27
issue=4
pages=373–93
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last=Björkholm
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year=1983
month=Feb
title= [The man behind the syndrome: Thomas Hodgkin. An impulsive pioneer of pathology and fighter for justice for the poor]
journal=Lakartidningen
volume=80
issue=5
pages=334–5
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pmid = 6343738
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last=Kass
first=A M
authorlink=
coauthors=Kass E H
year=1981
month=Sep
title=Doctors afield. Martin Delany, Thomas Hodgkin, and the Black Nationalist movement
journal=N. Engl. J. Med.
volume=305
issue=12
pages=682–4
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last=Kass
first=E H
authorlink=
coauthors=Carey A B, Kass A M
year=1980
month=Apr
title=Thomas Hodgkin and Benjamin Harrison: crisis and promotion in academia
journal=Medical history
volume=24
issue=2
pages=197–208
publisher =
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pmid = 6990129
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last=Cherry
first=C L
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year=1979
month=Jul
title=The Southern Retreat, Thomas Hodgkin, and Achille-Louis Foville
journal=Medical history
volume=23
issue=3
pages=314–24
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pmid = 395377
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last=Sakula
first=A
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year=1979
month=May
title=Dr Thomas Hodgkin and Sir Moses Montefiore Bart--the friendship of two remarkable men
journal=Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine
volume=72
issue=5
pages=382–7
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last=Brian
first=V A
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year=1976
month=Sep
title=Thomas Hodgkin 1798-1866
journal=Nursing times
volume=72
issue=37
pages=1451
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year=1976
month=Jul
title=Pioneers in medicine: Thomas Hodgkin, 1798-1866
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volume=143
issue=4
pages=46
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last=Friedman
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year=1975
month=Jul
title=Thomas Hodgkin - a maverick in his time
journal=The Alabama journal of medical sciences
volume=12
issue=3
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year=1973
month=
title=Classics in oncology. Excerpts from: On some morbid appearances of the absorbent glands and spleen, Thomas Hodgkin
journal=CA: a cancer journal for clinicians
volume=23
issue=1
pages=54–60
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doi=10.3322/canjclin.23.1.54
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year=1973
month=
title=Thomas Hodgkin (1798-1866)
journal=CA: a cancer journal for clinicians
volume=23
issue=1
pages=52–3
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last=Cremin
first=B J
authorlink=
year=1972
month=May
title=Thomas Hodgkin--the man and his times
journal=S. Afr. Med. J.
volume=46
issue=20
pages=621–4
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last=Jarcho
first=S
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year=1970
month=Oct
title=An anthropological essay by Thomas Hodgkin
journal=Bulletin of the New York Academy of Medicine
volume=46
issue=10
pages=889–90
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pmid = 4917321
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first=S
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year=1970
month=Jan
title=Unpublished papers of Thomas Hodgkin
journal=Bulletin of the New York Academy of Medicine
volume=46
issue=1
pages=67–9
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pmid = 4903331
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last=Savitz
first=H A
authorlink=
year=1969
month=Nov
title=Doctor Thomas Hodgkin and Sir Moses Montefiore
journal=Rhode Island medical journal
volume=52
issue=11
pages=619–21
publisher =
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issn =
pmid = 4900117
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last=Kass
first=E H
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coauthors=Bartlett A H
year=
month=
title=Thomas Hodgkin, M. D. (1798-1866): an annotated bibliography
journal=Bulletin of the history of medicine
volume=43
issue=2
pages=138–75
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issn =
pmid = 4890530
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last=Leibowitz
first=J O
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title=Thomas Hodgkin (1798-1866)
journal=Isr. J. Med. Sci.
volume=3
issue=3
pages=501–4
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pmid = 5340967
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last=Hill
first=W
authorlink=
year=1966
month=
title=Thomas Hodgkin--a bibliography
journal=Guy's Hospital reports
volume=115
issue=3
pages=281–303
publisher =
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issn =
pmid = 5334963
bibcode =
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last=Kass
first=E H
authorlink=
year=1966
month=
title=Thomas Hodgkin, physician and social scientist
journal=Guy's Hospital reports
volume=115
issue=3
pages=269–80
publisher =
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pmid = 5334962
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last=Hunter
first=R
authorlink=
year=1966
month=
title=Thomas Hodgkin, Samuel Tuke and John Conolly
journal=Guy's Hospital reports
volume=115
issue=3
pages=263–7
publisher =
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issn =
pmid = 5334961
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id =
url =
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format =
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*cite journal
quotes = no
last=Hardwick
first=C
authorlink=
year=1966
month=
title=Thomas Hodgkin 1798-1866
journal=Guy's Hospital reports
volume=115
issue=3
pages=255–61
publisher =
location =
issn =
pmid = 5334960
bibcode =
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id =
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*cite journal
quotes = no
last=Foxon
first=G E
authorlink=
year=1966
month=
title=Thomas Hodgkin, 1798-1866. A biographical note
journal=Guy's Hospital reports
volume=115
issue=3
pages=243–54
publisher =
location =
issn =
pmid = 5334959
bibcode =
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*cite journal
quotes = no

year=1963
month=Dec
title=Thomas Hodgkin--Quaker Physician
journal=JAMA
volume=186
issue=
pages=1016–7
publisher =
location =
issn =
pmid = 14066713
bibcode =
oclc =
id =
url =
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*cite journal
quotes = no
last=LAZARUS
first=S
authorlink=
year=1963
month=Aug
title=A Visit To The Grave Of Thomas Hodgkin
journal=Scottish medical journal
volume=8
issue=
pages=312–3
publisher =
location =
issn =
pmid = 14047402
bibcode =
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id =
url =
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*cite journal
quotes = no
last=ZAKON
first=S J
authorlink=
year=1956
month=
title=Thomas Hodgkin, the 90th anniversary of his death
journal=Quarterly bulletin. Northwestern University (Evanston, Ill.). Medical School
volume=30
issue=4
pages=362–4
publisher =
location =
issn =
pmid = 13408431
bibcode =
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id =
url =
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*cite journal
quotes = no
last=MORRISON
first=H
authorlink=
year=1954
month=Dec
title=Doctors afield: Thomas Hodgkin
journal=N. Engl. J. Med.
volume=251
issue=23
pages=946–8
publisher =
location =
issn =
pmid = 13214366
bibcode =
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id =
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External links

* [http://www.whonamedit.com/doctor.cfm/1495.html WhoNamedIt - Thomas Hodgkin]

* ODNB article by Amalie M. Kass, ‘Hodgkin, Thomas (1798–1866)’, Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, Oxford University Press, 2004 [http://www.oxforddnb.com/view/article/13429] , accessed 22 Sept 2007.