- Semiprimitive ring
In
mathematics , especially in the area ofalgebra known asring theory , a semiprimitive ring is a type of ring more general than asemisimple ring , but wheresimple module s still provide enough information about the ring. Important rings such as the ring of integers are semiprimitive, and an artinian semiprimitive ring is just asemisimple ring . Semiprimitive rings can be understood as subdirect products ofprimitive ring s, which are described by theJacobson density theorem . The quotient of every ring by itsJacobson radical is semiprimitive, allowing every ring to be understood to some extent through semiprimitive rings.Definition
A ring is called semiprimitive or Jacobson semisimple if its
Jacobson radical is thezero ideal .A ring is semiprimitive if and only if it has a faithful semisimple left module. The semiprimitive property is left-right symmetric, and so a ring is semiprimitive if and only if it has a faithful semisimple right module.
A ring is semiprimitive if and only if it is a subdirect product of left
primitive ring s.A
commutative ring is semiprimitive if and only if it is a subdirect product of fields, harv|Lam|1995|p=137.A left
artinian ring is semiprimitive if and only if it is semisimple, harv|Lam|2001|p=54.Examples
* The ring of integers is semiprimitive, but not semisimple.
* Every primitive ring is semiprimitive.
* The product of two fields is semiprimitive but not primitive.
* Everyvon Neumann regular ring is semiprimitive.Jacobson himself has defined a ring to be "semisimple" if and only if it is a
subdirect product ofsimple ring s, harv|Jacobson|1989|p=203. However, this is a stricter notion, since the endomorphism ring of a countably infinite dimensional vector space is semiprimitive, but not a subdirect product of simple rings, harv|Lam|1995|p=42.References
*Citation | last1=Jacobson | first1=Nathan | author1-link=Nathan Jacobson | title=Basic algebra II | publisher=W. H. Freeman | edition=2nd | isbn=978-0-7167-1933-5 | year=1989
*Citation | last1=Lam | first1=Tsit-Yuen | title=Exercises in classical ring theory | publisher=Springer-Verlag | location=Berlin, New York | series=Problem Books in Mathematics | isbn=978-0-387-94317-6 | id=MathSciNet | id = 1323431 | year=1995
*Citation | last1=Lam | first1=Tsit-Yuen | title=A First Course in Noncommutative Rings | publisher=Springer-Verlag | location=Berlin, New York | isbn=978-0-387-95325-0 | year=2001
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