Hashid

Hashid

The Hashid tribal federation is the largest tribal federation in Yemen. Member tribes of the Hashid Confederation are found primarily in the mountains in the North and Northwest of the country. It was headed by Sheikh Abdullah ibn Husayn al-Ahmar until his death on December 29, 2007.

Ancient History

Hashid and Bakil the sons of Jashim bin Jubran bin Nawf Bin Tuba'a bin Zayd bin Amro bin Hamdan, Bani Hamdan was already a well known tribe in the 1st century AD and it was mentioned in Sabean inscripts. Therefore Hashid and Bakil (the brothers) must have lived in the BC era.In the 3rd century most of Hamdan [ [http://thearabhistory.com/qahtan] Hamdani tribes that remianed in Yemen] migrated to Syria. Hashid and Bakil switched their alliance to Himyar.

Converting to Islam

In the year 622, prophet Mohammed sent Khaled Bin Al Walid to Yemen to call them to Islam. However, Khaled managed to push the Najrani and Tihami Yemenis into Islam but he didn't get a warm response from the Hamdani Yemenis of the highlands. So Prophet Mohammed sent over Ali bin Abi Talib and he was much more successful in converting the Hamdani Yemenis.

After the death of prophet Mohammed the Hamdan tribe remained Muslim and neutral (didn't join in the wars vs other Yemeni tribes that backed of Islam).

After Ali, Power Vacuum in Yemen and the Imam Hadi

The Hamdan tribe remained on the side of Ali, after the defeat of Ali and later his sons. The tribes remained on alliance to Ali but didn't oppose the Ummayads or ally themselves with the other Shias.

At that time Yemen was experincing a great population movement forming the bulk of the Islamic Expansion mainly settling and Arabizing North Africa/Spain. However, the majority of the Hamdan tribe remained in Yemen which later helped the Hashid/Bakil Hamdani tribes become the biggest local key player, benefiting from the departure of the bulk of the most powerful Nomadic Yemeni tribes of that time into North Africa/Spain in Wetsward movements that continued until the 13th century.

By The 10th century the Imam al-Hadi Yahya bin al-Hussain bin al-Qasim (a scion of Imam al-Hasan (as), grandson of the Prophet) who, at Sa'da, in 893-7 C.E. arrived to the Northern Highlands on invitation from the Hamdan tribe and from that time till present day the Zaidi moderate Shia teachings became dominant in north Yemen.

Modern History

Imam Yahya's campaign to subject the country, and more specifically the tribes, to his control, led him to undertake massive campaigns against their influence and power; in fact, his efforts succeeded in permanently eliminating all but two of the ancient confederations (the Bakil is the other one to survive).

Many writers have referred to the Hashid and Bakil confederations as the "two wings" of the Zaidi imamate; in the sense that many of the tribes that belong to these confederations are and were strongly committed to Zaidi Islam, the imams were recognized - to a greater or lesser degree - as the heads of the Zaidi community and could, therefore, count on a measure of support and loyalty. Not all the tribes, however, accepted the temporal and even legal role that the imams arrogated to themselves; consequently, many imams (Imam Yahya and Imam Ahmad in the twentieth century included) complained bitterly about the tribes' inordinate political power.

References

* Almsaodi, Abdulaziz. Modern history of Yemen
* [http://www.pinr.com/report.php?ac=view_report&report_id=153&language_id=1 Power and Interest News Report]

Bibliography

*Andrey Korotayev. "Ancient Yemen". Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1995. ISBN 0-19-922237-1


Wikimedia Foundation. 2010.

Игры ⚽ Поможем сделать НИР

Look at other dictionaries:

  • Bakil — The Bakil federation is the second largest tribal federation in Yemen. Imam Yahya s campaign to subject the country, and more specifically the tribes, to his control, led him to undertake massive campaigns against their influence and power; in… …   Wikipedia

  • Banu Hamdan — is a well known clan since the 1st millennium BCE, it was mentioned in Sabaic inscriptions as qayls of Hashid, who later acquired control over a part of Bakil and finally gave their clan name to a tribal confederation including Hashid and Bakil.… …   Wikipedia

  • Ali Abdullah Saleh — President of Yemen Incumbent Assumed office 22 May 1990 Prime Minister …   Wikipedia

  • Kahlan — was one of the main tribal federations of Saba a in Yemen. Conflict with HimyarBy the 1st century BC Saba a was declining gradually and its southern neighbor Himyar was able to settle many Nomadic tribes that was allied to Saba a and create a… …   Wikipedia

  • Tarim, Yemen — Tarim [Unicode|tarīm] ( ar. تريم) is a historic town situated in the Hadhramaut Valley of eastern Yemen. Tarim is widely acknowledged as the theological, juridical, and academic center of the Hadhramaut Valley. An important locus of Islamic… …   Wikipedia

  • Modern history of Yemen — This article is part of the History of Yemen series Ancient history Islamic period Modern history The modern history of Yemen began in 1918 whe …   Wikipedia

  • List of Yemen-related topics — This is a list of topics related to Yemen. Yemen* Yemen * A New Day in Old Sana a * Culture of Yemen * Greater YemenCities in Yemen* List of cities in Yemen * Aden * Ahwar * Al Qasha * Baraqish * Al Bayda , Yemen * Beihan * Ad Dali * Dhamar,… …   Wikipedia

  • Habbani Jews — The Habbani Jews are a Jewish tribal group from the Habban region in eastern Yemen (in modern Shabwah Governorate). Ancient and medieval historyThere are several legends that place Israelite soldiers settling in Arabia forty two years before the… …   Wikipedia

  • Hameed Al-ahmer — Hameed bin Abdullah bin Hussein Al Ahmer (born 1967), is a politician in Yemen.Al ahmer has been a member of the Yemeni House of Representatives (HR) since the 1993 parliamentary elections. He has been a member of the Shoura Council of the Yemeni …   Wikipedia

  • Arab Spring — الربيع العربي …   Wikipedia

Share the article and excerpts

Direct link
Do a right-click on the link above
and select “Copy Link”