Parkesine

Parkesine

Parkesine is the trademark for the first man-made plastic. It was invented by Alexander Parkes in 1862. In 1866 Parkes formed the Parkesine Company to mass produce the material. The company, however, failed due to poor product quality as Parkes tried to reduce costs. Parkesine's successors were Xylonite, produced by Daniel Spill (an associate of Parkes), and Celluloid from John Wesley Hyatt. Parkesine was made from cellulose treated with nitric acid and a solvent. The generic name of Parkesine is pyroxlin, or Celluloid. Parkesine is often synthetic ivory. The Parkesine company ceased trading in 1868. Examples of Parkesine are held by the Plastics Historical Society of London.

External links

* [http://www.thecarrotbox.com/plastic/parkesine_xylonite.asp History of the materials]
* [http://www.plastiquarian.com/styr3n3/parkesine/parkesine2.htm Parkesine in Virtual Plastics Museum]


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  • Parkesine — Parkes ine (p[aum]rks [i^]n or p[aum]rks [=e]n), n. [So called from Mr. Parkes, the inventor.] A compound, originally made from gun cotton and castor oil, but later from different materials, and used as a substitute for vulcanized India rubber… …   The Collaborative International Dictionary of English

  • Parkesine — …   Useful english dictionary

  • xylotile — Parkesine Parkes ine (p[aum]rks [i^]n or p[aum]rks [=e]n), n. [So called from Mr. Parkes, the inventor.] A compound, originally made from gun cotton and castor oil, but later from different materials, and used as a substitute for vulcanized India …   The Collaborative International Dictionary of English

  • Alexander Parkes — (December 29 1813 June 29 1890) was a metallurgist and inventor from Birmingham, England. He created Parkesine, the first man made plastic.The son of a brass lock manufacturer, Parkes was apprenticed to a brass founder at Messenger and Sons… …   Wikipedia

  • Celluloid — is the name of a class of compounds created from nitrocellulose and camphor, plus dyes and other agents. Generally regarded to be the first thermoplastic, it was first created as Parkesine in 1856 and as Xylonite in 1869 before being registered… …   Wikipedia

  • Daniel Spill — (11 February 1832–1887) was born in Winterbourne, Gloucestershire, England. He married at the age of 18; his bride was 15. Although he trained as a doctor he joined the business of his brother George. The firm of George Spill Co. manufactured… …   Wikipedia

  • Alexander Parkes — Gedenktafel für Alexander Parkes in Birmingham Alexander Parkes (* 29. Dezember 1813 in Birmingham; † 29. Juni 1890 in Dulwich, England[1][2] …   Deutsch Wikipedia

  • technology, history of — Introduction       the development over time of systematic techniques for making and doing things. The term technology, a combination of the Greek technē, “art, craft,” with logos, “word, speech,” meant in Greece a discourse on the arts, both… …   Universalium

  • Plastic — is the general common term for a wide range of synthetic or semisynthetic organic solid materials suitable for the manufacture of industrial products. Plastics are typically polymers of high molecular weight, and may contain other substances to… …   Wikipedia

  • Celluloid — Schildkröt Puppe Inge aus Zelluloid, 1950 Als Zelluloid (auch Zellhorn) bezeichnet man eine Gruppe von Kunststoff Verbindungen, die aus Cellulosenitrat und Campher hergestellt werden. Zelluloid wird als das erste Thermoplast angesehen. Man kann… …   Deutsch Wikipedia

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