Freital

Freital
Freital
Panorama
Panorama
Coat of arms of Freital
Freital is located in Germany
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Freital
Coordinates 51°1′0″N 13°39′0″E / 51.016667°N 13.65°E / 51.016667; 13.65Coordinates: 51°1′0″N 13°39′0″E / 51.016667°N 13.65°E / 51.016667; 13.65
Administration
Country Germany
State Saxony
Admin. region Dresden
District Sächsische Schweiz-Osterzgebirge
Town subdivisions 13
Mayor Klaus Mättig (CDU)
Basic statistics
Area 40.53 km2 (15.65 sq mi)
Elevation 160 m  (525 ft)
Population 39,275 (31 December 2010)[1]
 - Density 969 /km2 (2,510 /sq mi)
Other information
Time zone CET/CEST (UTC+1/+2)
Licence plate PIR
Postal code 01705
Area code 0351
Website www.freital.de

Freital is the biggest town in the Sächsische Schweiz-Osterzgebirge district, in the Free State of Saxony, Germany. It is situated on the small river Weißeritz, 8 km southwest of Dresden.

Contents

Geography

Freital lies south-west of Dresden in the Döhlen basin, in which the river Weißeritz flows from south-west to north-east. The Windberg rises about 100 meters above the valley. The lowest point in the town is about 195 m above sea level, at the point where the Weißeritz enters the city of Dresden (Plauen district).

The two rivers Rote Weißeritz and Wilde Weißeritz unite in Hainsberg, a district of Freital. Other tributaries of the united Weißeritz in the territory of Freital are the Wiederitz, Poisenbach and smaller, mostly channeled waters like the Vorholzbach, Burgker Bach, the Birkigter Bach, the Somsdorfer Bach and the Weißiger Bach. There are no natural lakes, the mud pond near the garbage heap and the retention basin Zauckerode were constructed in the 20th century.

Geologically, the Döhlen basin is a Rotliegend depression that was formed at the end of the Carboniferous period. It is located between the Elbe zone and the Erzgebirge Gneiss massif.

Neighboring municipalities

In the northeast Freital borders on the state capital Dresden. Neighboring municipalities in Sächsische Schweiz-Osterzgebirge are from the east and clockwise: Bannewitz, Rabenau, Höckendorf, Tharandt and Wilsdruff.

Municipal subdivisions

  • Weißig (with Oberweißig and Unterweißig)
  • Wurgwitz (with Kohlsdorf, Niederhermsdorf and Hammer)
  • Deuben (with Niederhäslich and Schweinsdorf)
  • Döhlen
  • Potschappel (with Niederpesterwitz)
  • Hainsberg (with Coßmannsdorf and Eckersdorf)
  • Kleinnaundorf
  • Burgk
  • Birkigt
  • Zauckerode
  • Saalhausen
  • Pesterwitz
  • Somsdorf

History

Documented history begins with the familiar Dresdner document from 1206 in which noblemen appear to be governed by Potschappel, Döhlen and Wurgwitz. These initial choices arise tradition of pure coincidence, just Potschappel and Wurgwitz expected at the time already existed for centuries, perhaps since the 9th Century. Potschappler Adel then dips until 1309, while the Döhlener probably 1228 as Arnold "de Zukerade" (first naming of Zauckerode) again. The Potschappler could in the lords of Sürßen risen, in the Oberlausitz moved. Many districts are only in the 14th Century erstgenannt.

The history of free valley is closely linked with the history of coal mining in Döhlener pool, the current open-Valley area.

First mentions There were 1549. The Elector mint Hans Biener Moritz received by the Duke of Saxony the privilege reduce coal. It is said that the coal discoveries have been more had known, but only a few farmers schürften just below the Earth's surface, to fuel for his own needs. The year 1571 was the first time in Burgk and 1574 in Potschappel coal dismantled. When the stocks were tilting, the shafts came into oblivion.

The year 1743 was a so-called coal mandate issued to the landowner rights to all of his land to schürfenden coal existed. Until the mid-18th Century founded approximately 30 small businesses, by their small size and experience despite great pressure of competition were performing.

This changed with the onset of industrialization. The Kingdom of Saxony wanted his share of it, and bought up 1822 all companies left the White Ritz. In the year 1799 the Leopold-Erbstolln, 1806 the Knights goods Zauckerode and Döhlen including the privilege to Potschappler coal fields. For the many small businesses has now created a large, the "Royal Saxon coal plant Zauckerode".

On the right side Weisseritzstrasse began the concentration of holdings until 1819, when Carl Friedrich August Krebß (later Freiherr von Burgk Dathe) new knights on Burgk landowners. He inherited five pits and bought surrounding coal fields. This, he founded the "Free Herrlich of Burgker coal and iron smelting works."

While this concentration continued rapid development of technology and the industry. The upswing was so enormous that the coal-mining of Plauen's plea for several decades, until about the 1870s, the technical and organizational terms at the head in Germany could stand. This led many technical innovations, such as the 1810 introduced "wet sieving Set" and 1820, the first steam engines.

1823 began in Burgk with the coking of the hitherto untapped coal, and from 1828 was the first gas produced. The year 1842 was the first high-Saxon coke oven in the Burgker ferrous metallurgical plants in operation. To the technically conditional large quantities of water from the pits out, water had to be Structures, said the Tiefe-Weißeritz-Stolln (1800-1838) and the depth Elbstolln (1817-1836).

On 2 August 1869 occurred in Neuhoffnungschacht the Burgker coal plants a firedamp explosion in which 276 miners died. At the blessing of God shaft near the mountain wind recalled a monument.

On 1 In October 1921, the places Deuben, Döhlen and Potschappel to a joint city together. Since no name of a community foundation for the city name was called, was a competition for the best name of the new town tendered. There were suggestions of names like "Deupodö-Stadt" (by Deuben, Potschappel and Döhlen), or "Dreistadt". Finally, the Döhlener community representatives Hermann Henker executioner named "Freital" (Free Valley), and this finally sat down.

1924 was by then the official capital of Dresden-old city belonging Freital.

Since the imperial period, the city developed into the Weimar period into a hotbed of social democracy. In the Weimar Republic was Freital the only city in Saxony with a Socialist mayor, because the Communists are not as strong as in the rest of Saxony were represented. The first mayor Clear Valley was Dr. Carl Wedderkopf. His term of office ran from 1921 until 1927. After he had Gustav Klimpel, also a Social Democrat, this office until 1933 inne. Almost one in ten citizens was a member of the SPD, for a wide range of clubs and leisure activities and Freital caused to a "welfare island", as it is nowhere else in the country was made. From 1933 to 1945, there were numerous resistance nests in Freital and surroundings. By the end of the Nazi era were back almost 3000 people in the SPD, and the SED achieved a clear majority in the first elections. The SED Regime has, however, the memory of that time completely overlaid, it was the SPD 1990 only 10% of the votes. Even by the Work Clubs shaped leisure culture is today in this form nothing more left.

Famous people

Born in Freital

  • Oskar Böhme, 1870–1938, German composer and trumpeter.
  • Cornelius Schnauber, born in 1938, German scholar, historian, playwright, biographer and educator
  • Uwe Bewersdorf, born in 1958, German former pair skater
  • Jens Kruppa, born in 1976, international breaststroke swimmer from Germany
  • Kerstin Tzscherlich, born in 1978, German female volleyball player
  • Tom Starke, bonr in 1981, German football goalkeeper
  • Felix Michel, born in 1984, German slalom canoer

Famous residents

  • Wilhelmine Reichard, 1788–1848, first German female balloonist
  • Heinrich Zille, 1858–1929, German illustrator and photographer

References


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