Kostrad

KOSTRAD (Komando Strategis Cadangan Angkatan Darat) is the Indonesian Army's Strategic Reserve Command. Kostrad is a Corps level command which has up to 35,000 troops. It also supervises operational readiness among all commands and conducts defense and security operations at the strategic level in accordance with policies of the TNI commander.

History

KOSTRAD came into being during military action for Indonesia's take over of Western New Guinea in 1960, and was formally constituted on 6 March 1961. Initially designated the Army General Reserve Corps, its name was changed to KOSTRAD in 1963.

tructure

As a corps, KOSTRAD is commanded by a Panglima (Commander-in-Chief), usually a lieutenant general and he reports directly to Commander-in-Chief of the Tentara Nasional Indonesia (Indonesian National Armed Forces).

Starting 1984 the Panglima of KOSTRAD (PANGKOSTRAD) has been charged to lead the conduct of combat operations, called defense and security operations.

trength

Currently, KOSTRAD has a strength of 35,000 to 40,000 personnel and its primary components consist of two infantry divisions:
* 1st Division, headquartered at Cilodong, West Java, comprising the 3rd and the 13th Infantry Brigades, and the 17th Airborne Brigade
* 2nd Division, headquartered at Malang, East Java comprising the 6th and 9th infantry brigades, and the 18th Airborne Brigade.

KOSTRAD also commands the following independent units:
* 3rd Para-Commando Brigade, Sulawesi (formerly the KOPASSUS 3rd Para-Commando Group),
* 1st Cavalry brigadeFact|date=October 2008
* two field artillery regiments and
* several combat service support units such as combat engineers and military police.

Deployment

These green-beret troops have never been absent from the various military operations, such as G-30-S/PKI (30 September Movement/Indonesian Communist Party), Trisula, the PGRS (Sarawak People's Guerrilla Force) in Sarawak, the PARAKU (North Kalimantan People's Force) in North Kalimantan, and Operation Seroja in East Timor.

KOSTRAD troops have also been relied on at the international level, as was the case with Garuda troops in Egypt (1973-78) and Vietnam (1973-75) and with those in the combined peace force in the midst of the Iran–Iraq War of 1989 and 1990.

List of KOSTRAD Commanders

*Suharto (March 1961-December 1965)
*Umar Wirahadikusumah (December 1965-May 1967)
*Kemal Idris May 1967-March 1969
*Wahono (March 1969-February 1970)
*Makmun Murod (February 1970-December 1971)
*Wahono (December 1971-March 1973)
*Poniman (March 1973-May 1974)
*Himawan Susanto (May 1974-January 1975)
*Leo Lopulisa (January 1975-January 1978)
*Wiyogo Atmodarminto (January 1978-March 1980)
*Ismail (March 1980-January 1981)
*Rudini (January 1981-May 1983)
*Suweno (May 1983-January 1986)
*Suripto (January 1986-August 1987)
*Adolf Sagala Rajagukguk (August 1987-March 1988)
*Sugito (March 1988-August 1990)
*Wismoyo Arismunandar (August 1990-July 1992)
*Kuntara (July 1992-September 1994)
*Tarub (September 1994-April 1996)
*Wiranto (April 1996-June 1997)
*Sugiyono (June 1997-March 1998)
*Prabowo Subianto (March 1998-May 1998)
*Johnny J. Lumintang (May 1998/12 hours)
*Djamari Chaniago (May 1998-November 1999)
*Djaja Suparman (November 1999-March 2000)
*Agus Wirahadikusumah (March 2000-August 2000)
*Ryamizard Ryacudu (August 2000-July 2002)
*Bibit Waluyo (July 2002-November 2004)
*Hadi Waluyo (November 2004-May 2006)
*Erwin Sujono (May 2006-September 2007)
*George Toisutta (September 2007-Present)