Tatami

Tatami

nihongo|Tatami|畳 (originally meaning "folded and piled") mats are a traditional type of Japanese flooring. Made of woven soft rush straw, and traditionally packed with rice straw (though nowadays sometimes with styrofoamFact|date=December 2007), tatami are made in individual mats of uniform size and shape, bordered by brocade or plain green cloth.

Tatami were originally a luxury item for the wealthy at a time when lower classes had mat-covered dirt floors.cite web |url=http://www.yoshinoantiques.com/Interior-article.html |title=The Yoshino Newsletter |accessdate=2007-03-28 |work="Floors/Tatami" |publisher=Yoshino Japanese Antiques ] Tatami were gradually popularized and finally reached the homes of commoners towards the end of the 17th century.cite web |url=http://www.kcif.or.jp/en/newsletter/lik/archives/0304/04_2003.htm |title=Kyoto International Community House Newsletter |accessdate=2007-03-28 |work=2nd section titled HISTORY OF TATAMI |publisher=Kyoto City International Foundation ]

Layout and size

There are various rules concerning the number and layout of tatami mats; an inauspicious layout is said to bring bad fortune. In homes, the mats must not be laid in a grid pattern, and in any layout there is never a point where the corners of three or four mats touch.

In Japan, the size of a room is typically measured by the number of "tatami" mats (-畳 "-jō"). The traditional dimensions of the mats were fixed at 90 cm by 180 cm (1.62 square meters) by 5 cm (35.5 in by 71 in by 2 in). Half mats, 90 cm by 90 cm (35.5 in by 35.5 in) are also made. Shops were traditionally designed to be 5½ mats (8.91m²), and tea rooms and tea houses are frequently 4½ mats (7.29m²). Because the size is fixed, rooms in traditional Japanese construction measure in multiples of 90 cm. Mats from Kyoto ("Kyōma" tatami) and other parts of western Japan are slightly larger than those from Tokyo and eastern Japan at 95.5 cm by 191 cm (1.82m²; 37.6 in by 75.2 in).

Use

Tatami mats are associated with Japanese religious rites and the tea ceremony. Most modern Japanese homes still have at least one tatami room, the washitsu.

Tatami are also used when training Japanese martial arts, such as judo, for protective purposes.

Tatami "omote", or the outside rush mat layer, wrapped over the rice straw core of the mat, is used in the practice of tameshigiri in Japanese swordsmanship. The tatami omote mats are rolled into cylinders, soaked in water for several days, and then cut in order to test either a newly made sword's sharpness or a swordsman's skill.

ee also

*Washitsu

Notes

External links

*jaanus|t/tatami|Tatami


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  • tatami — [ tatami ] n. m. • 1904; tatames plur. 1830; mot jap. ♦ Tapis, natte couvrant le sol des locaux où l on pratique les sports de combat japonais. Des tatamis. ● tatami nom masculin (japonais tatami) Tapis épais fait de nattes en paille de riz… …   Encyclopédie Universelle

  • tatami — tatámi s. n. Trimis de siveco, 19.07.2006. Sursa: Dicţionar ortografic  TATÁMI s.n. 1. Covor gros, un fel de rogojină, pe care se practică unele lupte marţiale, ca judo, jiu jitsu, karate etc. 2. Aşternut de pai pentru plajă. (< fr. tatami)… …   Dicționar Român

  • tatami — 1610s, from Japanese tatami …   Etymology dictionary

  • tatâmi — s. m. 1. Tecido de palha entrelaçada, usado como tapete ou revestimento. 2. Superfície destinada à prática de alguns esportes de combate, como o judô. = TAPETE • Sinônimo geral: TATAME   ‣ Etimologia: japonês tatami …   Dicionário da Língua Portuguesa

  • Tatami — Tatami: Das in jüngster Zeit ins Dt. aufgenommene Substantiv bezeichnet eine »mit Stroh gefüllte Matte, die als Unterlage für ↑ {{link}}Futons{{/link}} u. Ä. dient«. Das zugrunde liegende gleichbed. jap. tatami ist eigentlich die Bezeichnung für… …   Das Herkunftswörterbuch

  • tatami — sustantivo masculino 1. Área: deporte Alfombra especial acolchada sobre la que se practican los deportes de lucha como el yudo y el kárate: Sobre el tatami Guadalupe se transforma en una persona muy agresiva …   Diccionario Salamanca de la Lengua Española

  • tatami — [tə tä′mē] n. pl. tatami or tatamis [Jpn < nominal form of tatamu, to fold up, pile up] a floor mat woven of rice straw, used traditionally in Japanese homes for sitting on, as when eating …   English World dictionary

  • tatami — tatàmi m <G ja> DEFINICIJA sport strunjača, podloga za istočnjačke borilačke sportove (judo, karate, itd.); originalna od rižine slame, danas od gume, sintetike i sl. ETIMOLOGIJA jap …   Hrvatski jezični portal

  • tatami — {{/stl 13}}{{stl 8}}rz. n ndm {{/stl 8}}{{stl 7}} mata słomiana, którą pokrywa się podłogi w domu japońskim <jap.> {{/stl 7}} …   Langenscheidt Polski wyjaśnień

  • tatami — (De or. jap.). m. Tapiz acolchado sobre el que se ejecutan algunos deportes, como el yudo o el kárate …   Diccionario de la lengua española

  • Tatami — Ein traditionelles Washitsu mit Shoji (Schiebewänden) und Tatami Tatami (jap. 畳, traditionell auch 疊, 疉 oder 疂) ist eine Matte aus Reis …   Deutsch Wikipedia

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