1700

Year 1700 (MDCC) was an exceptional common year starting on Friday of the Gregorian calendar, but a leap year starting on Monday [" [http://www.timeanddate.com/calendar/index.html?year=1700&country=20 Calendar in year 1700 (Russia)] " (full Julian calendar), Russia used the Julian calendar until 1918.] of the Julian calendar. The Gregorian calendar was 10 days ahead of the Julian calendar until OldStyleDate|February 28|1700|February 18, 1700, then 11 days ahead since OldStyleDate|March 1|1700|February 19, 1700.

Events of 1700

January - June

* January 1 (Julian) - Russia begins numbering its calendar from the birth of Christ (Anno Domini) instead of since the Creation (Anno Mundi).
* January 26 - The Cascadia Earthquake, one of the largest earthquakes on record, ruptures the Cascadia subduction zone offshore from Vancouver Island to northern California, creating a tsunami logged in Japan and oral traditions of the American First Nations.
* February 12 - The Great Northern War begins in Central Europe.
* February 27 - The island of New Britain is discovered.
* March 1 (Gregorian) - Protestant Germany and Denmark-Norway adopt the Gregorian calendar.
* March 1 (Swedish), March 11 (Gregorian), February 29 (Julian) - The Swedish calendar is adopted.
* April - Fire destroys many buildings in Gondar, the capital of Ethiopia, including 2 in the palace complex.
* May 5 - Within a few days of John Dryden's death (1 May O.S.), his last written work ("The Secular Masque") is performed as part of Vanbrugh's version of "The Pilgrim".
* May 5 - William Penn begins monthly meetings for blacks advocating emancipation.
* May - In Rhode Island (American colony), Walter Clarke, former governor 1679-1686, becomes governor again for 14 more years.

July - December

* November 20 - Great Northern War - Battle of Narva: King Charles XII of Sweden defeats the army of Czar Peter the Great.
* November 23 - Pope Clement XI succeeds Pope Innocent XII as the 243rd pope.
* December 28 - Laurence Hyde, 1st Earl of Rochester is appointed Lord Lieutenant of Ireland.

Undated

* The Vietnamese gain control of the entire Indochina Peninsula.
* The Great Northern War begins with Russia, Denmark and Saxony/Poland making a coordinated attack on Sweden (to 1703).
* Control of Spain passes from the Habsburgs to the Bourbons.
* Mission San Xavier del Bac is founded in New Spain near Tucson, as a Spanish Roman Catholic mission.
* A fire destroys the larger part of Edinburgh, Scotland.
* An inventory made for the Medici family of Florence documents the first piano, invented by their instrument keeper Bartolommeo Cristofori.
* Lions became extinct in Libya around this date.
* One scholar observes that the entire military class of Japan is living "as in an inn, that is, consuming now and paying later" (approximate date).
* The value of sales of English manufactured products to the Atlantic economy - £3.9 million.

Births

* January 29 - Konstancja Czartoryska, Polish noblewoman (d. 1759)
* February 2 - Johann Christoph Gottsched, German writer (d. 1766)
* February 9 - Daniel Bernoulli, Dutch mathematician (d. 1782)
* March 13 - Michel Blavet, French flutist (d. 1768)
* May 7 - Gerard van Swieten, Dutch-born physician (d. 1772)
* May 12 - Luigi Vanvitelli, Italian architect (d. 1773)
* May 19 - José de Escandón, Spanish colonial governor (d. 1770)
* May 26 - Nicolaus Ludwig Zinzendorf, German religious and social reformer (d. 1760)
* August 13 - Heinrich, count von Brühl, German statesman (d. 1763)
* August 17 - Clemens August of Bavaria (d. 1761)
* September 11 - James Thomson, Scottish poet (d. 1748)
* September 30 - Stanislaw Konarski, Polish writer (d. 1773)
* October 10 - Lambert-Sigisbert Adam, French sculptor (d. 1759)
* November 19 - Jean-Antoine Nollet, French abbot and physicist (d. 1770)
* November 28 - Nathaniel Bliss, English astronomer (d. 1764)
* December 25 - Leopold II of Anhalt-Dessau, Prussian general (d. 1751)
*"date unknown"
**Francesca Cuzzoni, Italian opera singer (d. 1770)
**Karl Friedrich, Duke of Holstein-Gottorp (d. 1739)
**Franciszek Salezy Potocki, Polish nobleman (d. 1772)
**Ivan Ranger, Austrian painter (d. 1753)

: "See also ."

Deaths

* January 7 - Raffaello Fabretti, Italian antiquary (b. 1618)
* January 21 - Henry Somerset, 1st Duke of Beaufort (b. 1629)
* January 22 - Jacob Balthasar Schutz, composer (b. 1660)
* February 12 - Aleksei Shein, Russian commander and statesman (b. 1662)
* May - Louis Jolliet, Canadian explorer (b. 1645)
* May 12 - John Dryden, English writer (b. 1631)
* May 15 - John Hale, American witch hunter (b. 1636)
* May 23 - Jens Juel, Danish diplomat (b. 1631)
* July - John Lowther, 1st Viscount Lonsdale, English politician (b. 1655)
* July 29 - William, Duke of Gloucester (b. 1689)
* September 15 - André Le Nôtre, French landscape gardener (b. 1613)
* September 27 - Pope Innocent XII (b. 1615)
* October 16 - Patriarch Adrian, Russian Orthodox Church leader (b. 1627)
* November 1 - Charles II of Spain (b. 1661)
* November 25 - Stephanus Van Cortlandt, first native born mayor of New York (b. 1643)
*"date unknown"
**Caius Gabriel Cibber, Danish sculptor (b. 1630)
**Thomas Creech, English translator (b. 1659)
**Kamalakara, Indian astronomer and mathematician (b. 1616)
**Henry Killigrew, English dramatist (b. 1613)
**Louis Guittar, French pirate

: "See also ."

Notes