1653

Year 1653 (MDCLIII) was a common year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Saturday of the 10-day slower Julian calendar).

Events of 1653

January - June

* February 2 - New Amsterdam (later renamed New York City) is incorporated.
* March 14 - Battle of Leghorn: A Dutch fleet defeats the English; the Dutch commander, Johan van Galen, later dies of his wounds.
* April 20 - Oliver Cromwell expels the Rump Parliament.
* May 24 - Ferdinand IV is elected King of the Romans.
* June 12 - June 13 - First Anglo-Dutch War - Battle of the Gabbard: The English navy defeats the Dutch fleet, which loses 17 ships.

July - December

* July 4 - The Barebones Parliament meets in London till December 12.
* August 8-August 10 - Battle of Scheveningen: The final naval battle of the First Anglo-Dutch War is fought, between the fleets of the Commonwealth of England and the United Provinces; The English navy defeats the Dutch fleet off the Texel.
* December 16 - Oliver Cromwell becomes Lord Protector of England, Scotland and Ireland.

Undated

* The first period of republican government (called the Commonwealth of England) ends. The Rump Parliament is disbanded by Oliver Cromwell (see also the Long Parliament and Southamptonshire).
* Marcello Malpighi becomes a doctor of medicine.
* Stephen Bachiler returns to England.
* John Thurloe becomes the head of intelligence for Oliver Cromwell's Protectorate.
* The Taj Mahal mausoleum is completed.
* Frederick William, Elector of Brandenburg reconfirms the nobility's freedom from taxation and its unlimited control over the peasants.
* The army prepares a constitution that invests executive power in a lord protector and a council of state in England.

Births

* January 13 - Philipp Jakob Spener, German theologian (d. 1705)
* February 17 - Arcangelo Corelli, Italian composer (d. 1713)
* April 2 - Prince George of Denmark, consort of Queen Anne of Great Britain (d. 1708)
* May 8 - Claude-Louis-Hector de Villars, Marshall of France (d. 1734)
* June 1 - Georg Muffat, French composer (d. 1704)
* June 26 - Cardinal André-Hercule de Fleury, Bishop of Fréjus, chief minister of France under Louis XV of France (d. 1743)
* July 5 - Thomas Pitt, British Governor of Madras (d. 1726)
* July 25 - Agostino Steffani, Italian diplomat and composer (d. 1728)
* August 9 - John Oldham, English poet (d. 1683)
* August 14 - Christopher Monck, 2nd Duke of Albemarle, English statesman (d. 1688)
* September 3 - Roger North, English lawyer and biographer (d. 1734)
* October 18 - Abraham van Riebeeck, Governor-General of the Dutch East Indies (d. 1713)
*"date unknown" - Chikamatsu Monzaemon, Japanese playwright (d. 1725)
*"date unknown" - Rahman Baba, legendary Afghan Pashto Sufi poet (d. 1711)

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Deaths

* March 23 - Johan van Galen, Dutch naval officer (b. 1604)
* March 24 - Samuel Scheidt, German composer (b. 1587)
* May 26 - Robert Filmer, English writer (b. 1588)
* July 10 - Gabriel Naudé, French librarian and scholar (b. 1600)
* July 31 - Thomas Dudley, Governor of Massachusetts Bay Colony (b. 1576)
* August 10 - Maarten Tromp, Dutch admiral (b. 1598)
* October 3 - Marcus Zuerius van Boxhorn, Dutch scholar (b. 1612)
* Artemesia Gentileschi, Roman artist

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