Gliosis

Gliosis

Gliosis is a proliferation of astrocytes in damaged areas of the central nervous system (CNS). This proliferation usually leads to the formation of a glial scar.

Astrocytes are relatively large glial cells and have various functions, including accumulating in areas where neurons have been damaged. It is the most important histopathological sign of CNS injury. Astrocytes undergo both hypertrophy and hyperplasia. The nucleus enlarges and becomes vesicular and nucleolus becomes prominent. Previously scant cytoplasm expands and becomes bright pink and irregular from which arise numerous processes (gemistocytic astrocyte).

Bergmann gliosis is associated with anoxic injury and is characterized by death of Purkinje cells.

Gliosis and neuronal loss in certain brain regions are findings seen in various neurodegenerative disorders such as Alzheimer's disease, Korsakoff's syndrome, multiple system atrophy, prion disease, multiple sclerosis (after an acute attack) and AIDS dementia complex. It can also be found in Parkinson's disease.


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Look at other dictionaries:

  • gliosis — f. neurol. Proliferación patológica de la neuroglía. Medical Dictionary. 2011. gliosis cuando las neuronas mueren, las células muertas …   Diccionario médico

  • Gliosis — es un término médico usado para describir una proliferación de astrocitos en regiones lesionadas del sistema nervioso central y que por lo general deja como saldo la formación de una cicatriz glial. Se puede evidenciar gliosis de los astrocitos o …   Wikipedia Español

  • gliosis — {{#}}{{LM G19098}}{{〓}} {{[}}gliosis{{]}} ‹gli·o·sis› {{◆}}(pl. gliosis){{◇}} {{《}}▍ s.f.{{》}} Reproducción patológica del tejido nervioso en el cerebro o en la médula espinal. {{★}}{{\}}ETIMOLOGÍA:{{/}} Del griego glía (mugre, sustancia viscosa) …   Diccionario de uso del español actual con sinónimos y antónimos

  • gliosis retinal — modificación de la normal relación entre el tejido neurorretinal y el tejido de sostén que se produce en los casos de displasia retiniana, produciéndose un excesivo crecimiento de los segundos para compensar la aplasia de los primeros Diccionario …   Diccionario médico

  • gliosis retinal — Eng. Retinal gliosis Modificación de la normal relación entre el tejido neurorretinal y el tejido de sostén que se produce en los casos de displasia retiniana, produciéndose un excesivo crecimiento de los segundos para compensar la aplasia de los …   Diccionario de oftalmología

  • gliosis — /gluy oh sis/, n. an increase in the size and number of astrocytes of the brain. [1890 1900; GLI(A) + OSIS] * * * …   Universalium

  • gliosis — Overgrowth of the astrocytes in an area of damage in the brain or spinal cord. isomorphous g. a g. in which there is a regular and ordered arrangement of glial fibers. piloid g. an area of chronic, reactive …   Medical dictionary

  • gliosis — n. increased production of astrocytes in the brain …   English contemporary dictionary

  • gliosis — gli·o·sis …   English syllables

  • gliosis — …   Useful english dictionary

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