Asiatic salamander

Asiatic salamander

Taxobox
name = Asiatic Salamanders
regnum = Animalia
phylum = Chordata
classis = Lissamphibia
ordo = Caudata
familia = Hynobiidae

The Asiatic Salamanders (Family Hynobiidae) are rather primitive salamanders spread all over Asia. They are closely related to the Giant Salamanders (Family Cryptobranchidae), with which they form the suborder Cryptobranchoidea. According to Hasumi (2002), "about half of hynobiids are unique to Japan."

Hynobiid salamanders practice external fertilization, or spawning. They are not known to exercise any form of parental care, unlike their cryptobranchid relatives. And unlike other salamander families which reproduce internally, male hynobiids focus on egg sacs rather than females during breeding (Hasumi, 2002). A few species have very reduced lungs or no lungs at all. Also the tadpole can sometimes have reduced external gills if they live in cold and very oxygen rich water.

Currently, 50 species are known.

The following genera make up the Family Hynobiidae:

* "Batrachuperus" (Chinese Stream Salamanders) - 9 species
**"Batrachuperus cochranae"
**Gorgan Salamander ("Batrachuperus gorganensis")
**Persian Brook Salamander ("Batrachuperus persicus")
**Chiala mountain salamander ("Batrachuperus karlschmidti")
**Longdong Stream Salamander ("Batrachurperus longdongensis")
**Western Chinese mountain salamander ("Batrachurperus pinchonii")
**Taibai stream salamander ("Batrachurperus taibaiensis")
**Alpine Stream Salamander ("Batrachurperus tibetanus")
**Yenyuan Stream Salamander ("Batrachurperus yenyuanensis")
* "Hynobius" - (Asian Salamanders) 30 species
**Abe's Salamander ("Hynobius abei")
**Amji's salamander ("Hynobius amjiensis")
**Arisian salamander ("Hynobius arisanensis")
**Odaigahara Salamander ("Hynobius boulengeri")
**Chinese salamander ("Hynobius chinensis")
**Oita Salamander ("Hynobius dunni")
**Formosan Salamander ("Hynobius formosanus")
**Hynobius fuca"
**Guabangshan Salamander ("Hynobius guabangshanensis")
**Hakuba Salamander ("Hynobius hidamontanus")
**Akaishi Salamander ("Hynobius katoi")
**Hida Salamander ("Hynobius kimurae")
**Korean salamander ("Hynobius leechii")
**Tohoku Salamander ("Hynobius lichenatus")
**Liaoning Salamander ("Hynobius mantschuriensis")
**"Hynobius maoershanensis"
**Buchi Salamander ("Hynobius naevius")
**Clouded Salamander ("Hynobius nebulosus")
**Japanese Black Salamander ("Hynobius nigrescens")
**Oki Salamander ("Hynobius okiensis")
**Jeju salamander ("Hynobius quelpaertensis")
**Ezo Salamander ("Hynobius retardus")
**Sonan's Salamander ("Hynobius sonani")
**Amber Salamander ("Hynobius stejnegeri")
**Hokuriku Salamander ("Hynobius takedai")
**Mountain Salamander ("Hynobius tenuis")
**Tokyo Salamander ("Hynobius tokyoensis")
**Tsushima Salamander ("Hynobius tsuensis")
**Turkestanian Salamander ("Hynobius turkestanicus")
**Kori salamander ("Hynobius yangi")
**Yiwu Salamander ("Hynobius yiwuensis")
**Yunan Salamander ("Hynobius yunanicus")
* "Liua" (Wushan salamanders) - 1 species
**Wushan Salamander ("Liua Shihi")
* "Onychodactylus" (clawed salamanders) - 2 species
**Chinese clawed salamander ("Onychodactylus fischeri")
**Japanese Clawed Salamander ("Onychodactylus japonicus")
* "Pachyhynobius" (Stout salamanders) - 1 species
**Shangcheng stout salamander ("Pachyhynobius shangchengensis")
* "Paradacylodon" (Middile eastern Stream Salamanders) - 3 species
**Gorgan salamander ("Paradactylodon gorganensis")
**Persian Mountain Salamander ("Paradactylodon persicus")
**Pagham stream salamander ("Paradactylodon mustersi")
* "Protohynobius" - 1 species
**Puxiong salamander (" Protohynobis puxiongensis")
* "Pseudohynobius" - 3 species
**"Pseudohynobius flavomaculatus"
** "Pseudohynobius kuankuoshuiensis"
**Shiucheng salamander ("Pseudohynobius shiuchengensis")
**Tsinpa Salamander ("Pseudohynobius tsinpaensis")
* "Ranodon" (Semirichensk salamanders) - 4 species
**Yellow-spotted Salamander ("Ranodon flavomaculatus")
**Wushan Salamander ("Ranodon shihi")
**Central Asian Salamander ("Ranodon sibiricus")
**Tsinpa Salamander ("Ranodon tsinpaensis")
* "Salamandrella" (Siberian Salamanders) - 2 species
**Siberian salamander ("Salamandrella kyserlingii")
**Schrenek Siberian salamander ("Salamandrella schrenekii")

References

Hasumi, M. (2002). About hynobiids. Retrieved May 8, 2005 from [http://www5d.biglobe.ne.jp/~hasumi/doc1/hyno_e.html] .

External links

* [http://elib.cs.berkeley.edu/aw/lists/Hynobiidae.shtml AmphibiaWeb: Hynobiidae]
* [http://tolweb.org/Hynobiidae/15453 Tree of Life: Hynobiidae]
* [http://www.livingunderworld.org/caudata/database/hynobiidae/ livingunderworld.org]


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