Silanol

Silanol

Silanols are compounds containing silicon atoms to which hydroxy substituents bond directly. They are considered to be heavier analogues of alcohols.

Silanols are named, when the hydroxy group is the principal one, by adding the suffix –ol to their mother name. If the hydroxy group is not the principal one, silanols are named by using the prefix hydroxy- according to the substitutive nomenclature.These rules are almost the same as those of alcohol, with the exception that silane is used as the mother hydride.

History

Silanols were first synthesized in 1871 by Albert Ladenburg. The first example was triethylsilanol. At that time, they were called silicols, a word that he coined.

ynthesis

Silanols are generally synthesized by hydrolysis of halosilane, alkoxysilane, or aminosilane; by oxidation of hydrosilane; or by hydrolysis of arylsilane in the presence of strong acid.

Properties

Silanols are generally dehydrated very easily, giving disiloxanes in the presence of acid, base, or even heat. Because of this property of self-condensation, the synthesis and isolation of silanols are difficult.

Silanols have hydroxy substituents, and so they have hydrogen bonding to each other in solution and even in crystals.

Silanols can also be crosslinked using borax, or boric acid, to form 3-dimensional silicon gels.

Silanols exist not only as chemical compounds but also on the surface of silica. From the viewpoint of organometallic chemistry, silica can be considered as an enormous ligand, and it is used as supports for catalysts of many reactions.

ee also

* Trimethylsilanol
* Organosilicon


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  • Silanol — Les silanols sont des composés chimiques contenant au moins un atome de silicium directement lié à un groupe hydroxyle. Ils sont similaires aux alcools comme les silanes le sont aux alcanes. Le silanols sont nommés quand le groupe hydroxyle est… …   Wikipédia en Français

  • silanol — silanolis statusas T sritis chemija formulė R₃SiOH atitikmenys: angl. silanol rus. силанол …   Chemijos terminų aiškinamasis žodynas

  • Silanol — Silanole sind organische Siliciumverbindungen, bei denen mindestens eine Hydroxygruppe an das Silicium Atom gebunden ist. Somit sind ein Alkyl Rest und drei Hydroxygruppen an ein Silicium Atom gebunden, oder zwei Alkyl Reste und zwei… …   Deutsch Wikipedia

  • silanol — noun a) the silicon analogue of methanol SiHOH b) any hydroxy derivative of a silane, especially hydrocarbyl derivatives RSiOH; an organosilanol …   Wiktionary

  • silanol — ► masculino QUÍMICA ORGÁNICA Nombre genérico de los compuestos de silicio unidos a grupos hidroxilos …   Enciclopedia Universal

  • Silanol — Si|la|nol [↑ Silan u. ↑ ol (1)], das; s, e: H3SiOH; instabiles, ebenso wie Silandiol (H2Si(OH)2) u. Silantriol (HSi(OH)3) zu ↑ Siloxanen kondensierendes Hydrolyseprodukt der Chlorsilane. Methylsilanole aus Chlormethylsilanen sind Zwischenprodukte …   Universal-Lexikon

  • Silanol — Si|la|nol das; s, e (meist Plur.) <zu ↑...ol> ↑Derivat des Silans …   Das große Fremdwörterbuch

  • Direct bonding — describes a wafer bonding process without any additional intermediate layers. The bonding process is based on chemical bonds between two surfaces of any material possible meeting numerous requirements.[1] These requirements are specified for the… …   Wikipedia

  • Polysiloxane — Silicone Les silicones, ou polysiloxanes, sont des composés inorganiques formés d une chaine silicium oxygène (... Si O Si O Si O ...) sur laquelle des groupes se fixent, sur les atomes de silicium. Certains groupes organiques peuvent être… …   Wikipédia en Français

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