- 1786
Year 1786 (MDCCLXXXVI) was a
common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar) of theGregorian calendar (or acommon year starting on Thursday of the 11-day slowerJulian calendar ).Events of 1786
January - June
*January 3 - TheTreaty of Hopewell is signed between the United States of America and theChoctaw Nation .
*January 10 - TheTreaty of Hopewell is signed between the United States of America and theChickasaw Nation .
*May 1 - Mozart's opera "The Marriage of Figaro " premieres inVienna .
*May 21 - The trial of the Necklace Affair ends inParis .
*June 10 - An earthquake-causedlandslide dam on theDadu River gives way, killing 100,000 in theSichuan province ofChina .July - December
*August -James Rumsey tests his first steam boat in thePotomac river atShepherdstown Virginia (nowWest Virginia ).
*August 1 -Caroline Herschel discovers acomet (the first discovered by a woman).
*August 8 -Mont Blanc is climbed for the first time by Dr. Michael-Gabriel Paccard andJacques Balmat .
*August 11 - CaptainFrancis Light , known as the founder ofPenang , lands inPenang and renames it "Prince of Wales Island" in honour of the heir to the British throne.
*August 29 -Shays' Rebellion begins inMassachusetts .
*September -December -Goethe undertakes his "Italian Journey" (published in1817 ).
*September 2 - Ahurricane strikesBarbados .
*November 7 - The oldest musical organization in theUnited States (theStoughton Musical Society ) is founded.
*November 30 - Peter Leopold Joseph ofHabsburg-Lorraine , Grand Duke ofTuscany , promulgates a penal reform making his country the first state to abolish the death penalty.November 30 is therefore commemorated by 300 cities around the world asCities for Life Day .
*December 4 -Mission Santa Barbara is founded by Father Fermín Francisco de Lasuén, becoming the 10th mission in theCalifornia mission chain.Undated
*
Robert Burns publishes "Poems, Chiefly in the Scottish Dialect".
*Francis Light acquires the island ofPenang from the Sultan ofKedah on behalf of theBritish East India Company . It is the first Britishcolony inSouth-East Asia .
* An Anglo-Spanish treaty givesBelize to Britain.
* The first ship leaves Britain forBotany Bay ,Australia : 820 out of 1,138 aboard areconvict s.
* The trade withIceland is opened to all Danish and Norwegian traders.
*Reykjavík , the capital ofIceland , is founded.
* The town ofMartinsborough, North Carolina , itself named for Royal GovernorJosiah Martin in1771 , is renamed "Greenesville" in honor of United States GeneralNathanael Greene by theNorth Carolina General Assembly ; the name "Greenesville" is later shortened to become Greenville.Births
*January 8 - Nicholas Biddle, President of the Second Bank of the United States (d.1844 )
*January 12 - Sir Robert Inglis, Bt, English politician (d.1855 )
*January 23 -Auguste de Montferrand , French architect (d.1858 )
*February 16 -Maria Pavlovna of Russia , Grand duchess of Saxe-Weimar Eisenach (d.1859 )
*February 24 -Martin W. Bates , U.S. Senator from Delaware (d.1869 )
*February 24 -Wilhelm Grimm , German philologist and folklorist (d.1859 )
*March 22 -Joachim Lelewel , Polish historian (d.1861 )
*June 13 -Winfield Scott , American general and Presidential candidate (d.1866 )
*August 17 - David "Davy" Crockett, American frontiersman (d.1836 )
*August 25 - KingLudwig I of Bavaria (d.1868 )
*September 10 - William Mason, American politician (d.1860 )
*September 11 -Friedrich Kuhlau , German composer (d.1832 )
*September 18 - KingChristian VIII of Denmark (d.1848 )
*September 24 -Charles Bianconi , Italian-Irish entrepreneur
*November 18
**Henry Bishop , English composer (d. ??)
**Carl Maria von Weber , German composer (d.1826 )
*December 12 -William L. Marcy , American statesman (d.1857 )
*"Unknown dates"
**Jean-François Barrière , French historian
**Kim Jeonghui , Korean epigrapher (d.1856 )
**Alexander Bryan Johnson , American philosopher (d.1867 )
*"probable" -Moshoeshoe I ofLesotho (d.1870 )Deaths
*January 7 -Jean-Étienne Guettard , French physician and scientist (b.1715 )
*January 14 -Meshech Weare , Governor of New Hampshire (b.1713 )
*February 28 -John Gwynn , English architect and engineer (b.1713 )
*March 11 -Charles Humphreys , American delegate to the Continental Congress (b.1714 )
*April 10 -John Byron , British naval officer (b.1723 )
*May 19 - John Stanley, English composer (b.1712 )
*May 21 -Carl Wilhelm Scheele , Swedish chemist (b.1742 )
*May 25 -Pedro III of Portugal , consort of QueenMaria I of Portugal (b.1717 )
*August 17 - KingFrederick II of Prussia ("Frederick the Great") (b.1712 )
*September 5 -Jonas Hanway , English merchant, traveler, and philanthropist (b.1712 )
*October 2 -Augustus Keppel, 1st Viscount Keppel , British admiral (b.1725 )
*October 17 -Johann Ludwig Aberli , Swiss artist (b.1723 )
*November 30 -Bernardo de Gálvez , Spanish military leader who aided theUnited States in its quest for independence in theAmerican Revolutionary War (b.1746 )
*December 26 -Gasparo Gozzi , Italian critic and dramatist (b.1713 )
*Moses Mendelssohn , Jewish philosopher (b.1729 )
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