Årstad, Norway

Infobox_Bydel
name=Årstad
idnumber=120107
city=Bergen
capital=
governor=
governor_as_of=
arearank=8
area=8.21Cite web|url=http://statbank.ssb.no/statistikkbanken/Default_FR.asp?PXSid=0&nvl=true&PLanguage=0&tilside=selectvarval/define.asp&Tabellid=06198|title=Tabell: 06198: Areal av land og ferskvatn (km²). (G)|accessdate=2008-06-20|publisher=Statistics Norway|year=2008|work=Emne: 01 Naturressurser og naturmiljø|language=Norwegian]
area_as_of=2008
areapercent=ca. 2
population_as_of=2008
populationrank=5
population=35,406
populationpercent=14.29
populationdensity=4185

Årstad is a borough of the city of Bergen, Norway, and a former municipality. The borough is located south of the city centre, and has a population of around 35,406 as of January 1, 2008. Årstad is home to Bergen's hospital, Haukeland University Hospital, as well as Norway's second largest vocational high school, Årstad videregående skole (the largest being Sandefjord videregående skole [http://www.vilbli.no/4daction/WA_Artikkel/?Niva=V&Area=7&Bok=001062&Artikkel=001079] ), and the stadiums of the two city's largest association football teams, Brann and Løv-Ham.

History

During the early Viking ages, a king of Norway is believed to have had a farm at the foot of Ulriken called "Álreksstaðir" (Alrekstad). At times the farm was the home of, at least, king Harald Fairhair, his son, king Eric Bloodaxe, Bloodaxe's children, and king Haakon the Good (Haakon I). Later, the founder of Bergen, king Olav Kyrre (Olaf III), ruled the city from Alrekstad for 26 years. However, Alrekstad lost its importance when king Eystein I moved his seat to Holmen, located within the city limits. Around year 1300, the farm was handed over to the monastery of Nonneseter.cite book | title=Årstad - historisk vandring i en ny bydel| coauthors=Stein Thowsen and Harald Garmannslund| date=2000| pages=8| publisher=Forlaget Livskunst]

It is believed that the name Álreksstaðir is derived from Ulriken rather than the name Alrekr, the name "Årstad" being an abbreviation of the word Alrekstad.cite book | title=Norsk stadnamnleksikon| coauthors=Jørn Sandnes and Ola Stemshaug| date=1997| publisher=Det Norske Samlaget| id=ISBN 9788252149050] Another theory is that the farm was named after a king Alrek, who may or may not have existed, and who may have ruled over the petty kingdom of Hordariket around year 400. Today, the area where the farm was located (included in, but not limited to, the place now called Årstadvollen) is not a part of the borough of Årstad, but Bergenhus.

The 19th century was a period of heavy industrial development in Årstad, most significantly in the bay of Solheimsviken. At the end of the century, there were approximately 25 factories in the municipality, and it was the country's 4th largest in terms of industrial production output.cite book | title=Årstad - historisk vandring i en ny bydel| coauthors=Stein Thowsen and Harald Garmannslund| date=2000| pages=12| publisher=Forlaget Livskunst]

The parish of "Aarstad" was established as a municipality January 1, 1838 (see formannskapsdistrikt). It remained a separate municipality until July 1, 1915, when it, as the second of six municipalities over the years, was merged with BergenCite web|url=http://www.ssb.no/emner/00/90/rapp_9913/rapp_9913.pdfl|title=Historisk oversikt over endringer i kommune- og fylkesinndelingen|accessdate=2007-08-14|year=1999|author=Statistics Norway] , increasing the area of Bergen municipality from 13.9 km² to 34.9 km². The merger happened after a long political process, following decades of close cooperation between the two municipalities - most of Årstad was included into Bergen Police District in 1808.

Economy

The inhabitants of Årstad have the lowest average income of Bergen's boroughs, earning almost 70,000 less on average than the inhabitants of the borough with the highest average income, Ytrebygda. [ [http://www.bt.no/na24/article424226.ece Folk i Årstad tjener minst - NA24.no ] ]

Demographics

As of January 1, 2008, 7.4% of the population of Årstad was 0-5 years of age. 5.5% was in the age group 6-12 years, 2.5% between 13-15 years, 69.5% between 16-66 years, 8.1% between 67-79 years, and 7.0% were over 80 years of age. In total, 15.1% of the population were over 67 years of age, the Norwegian age of retirement, the highest amount in Bergen.Cite web|url=http://www.ssb.no/emner/02/01/10/folkemengde/tab-2008-03-13-25.html|title=25 Folkemengd, etter alder. Bergen. Bydel. 1. januar 2008. Prosent|accessdate=2008-05-19|publisher=Statistics Norway|year=2008|language=Norwegian] In 2006, the mean gross income was 272,400 NOK (approximately $52,000 March 2008 USD).Cite web|url=http://statbank.ssb.no/statistikkbanken/Default_FR.asp?PXSid=0&nvl=true&PLanguage=0&tilside=selectvarval/define.asp&Tabellid=06547|title=Tabell: 06547: Inntekt og formue, etter bydelar i Oslo, Bergen, Stavanger og Trondheim (kr)|accessdate=2008-05-19|publisher=Statistics Norway|year=2006|language=Norwegian] As of January 1, 2007, a total of 71.4% of the 6,589 couples living together were married. 43.5% were married without children, while the remaining 27.9% were married with children. 28.6% of the couples were not married; 15.9% were cohabitating couples without children while 12.7% were cohabitating with children.Cite web|url=http://www.ssb.no/emner/02/barn_og_unge/2008/tabeller/familie/fam0412.html|title=1 Par med og uten barn i privathusholdninger, etter samlivsform, kommune og bydeler i Bergen. 1. januar 2007. Prosent|accessdate=2008-05-19|publisher=Statistics Norway|year=2007|language=Norwegian]

Education

Årstad contains five elementary schools, Fridalen skole, Kronstad skole, Landås skole, Minde skole and Slettebakken skole, one lower secondary school, Gimle skole, one combined elementary and lower secondary school, Ny Krohnborg barne- og ungdomsskole, one special school, Alrekstad alternative skole, as well as two upper secondary schools, Årstad videregående skole and Langhaugen videregående skole. Årstad videregående skole is one of the largest upper secondary schools in Norway, with a total of 300 employees and 1400 students. [ [http://arv.hfk.no/templates/Page.aspx?id=3279 Om skolen - Skoleportalen ] ]

Over the last few years, there have been plans to shut down several schools in the borough. Kronstad skole was proposed for closure most recently in 2006. [ [http://www.bt.no/utdanning/article282133.ece Bare Kronstad blir nedlagt - bt.no ] ] This proposal didn't go through, however, as the majority of the parties in the city council, as well as several parties in the opposition, voted against the school being shut down. [ [http://www.bt.no/lokalt/bergen/article304757.ece Kronstad skole får leve - bt.no ] ] Due to the school building being in poor condition, it was decided in 2004 that Fridalen skole was to be closed. However, following protests from the neighbourhood, the decision was retracted, at least temporarily. [ [http://www.ba.no/nyheter/politikk/article1137007.ece Legger ikke ned skoler - ba.no ] ] In 2008, the municipality released a report which predicts an increasing number of pupils in Årstad after many years of decline.Cite web|url=http://www.bt.no/lokalt/bergen/article534792.ece|title=Elevvekst i sør|accessdate=2008-06-20|publisher=Bergens Tidende|year=2008|language=Norwegian] Cite web|url=http://www.bt.no/utdanning/article571094.ece|title=Ap vil ha færre skoler|accessdate=2008-06-20|publisher=Bergens Tidende|year=2008|author=Krister Clausen Hoaas|language=Norwegian]

Neighbourhoods

Årstad is the smallest borough in Bergen, but also the second most densely populated. Most of the land in the borough was already built-up before the construction of the city's outer suburbs began in the middle of the 20th century. Årstad lacks traditional neighbourhood names as found in the city centre borough, Bergenhus, where these were established over several hundred years. Neighbourhood names are frequently named after the farm that owned the land before the area was urbanized.

Some parts of western Årstad, is however locally mostly referred to as Løvstakksiden, often shortened to "Stakken", and makes up one neighbourhood. Without any official borders, the neighbourhood roughly compromizes the urban area to the north-east of the mountain Løvstakken.

ports and culture

The stadium of Bergen's most successful football club, S.K. Brann, was constructed in the late 1910s, and opened May 25, 1919, with a match between Brann and the national football team.cite book | title=Årstad - historisk vandring i en ny bydel| coauthors=Stein Thowsen and Harald Garmannslund| date=2000| pages=125| publisher=Forlaget Livskunst] The stadium has been upgraded several times since, and is currently being upgraded to an all-seater capacity of more than 20,000.Fact|date=November 2007 As of June 2007, the stadium has a total all-seater capacity of 17,824.Cite web|url=http://www.brann.no/index.php?mapping=210|title=Stadionfakta|accessdate=2007-11-09|publisher=Brann.no|language=Norwegian]

Several other sport clubs have or have had their home in Årstad. The first was "Idrettslaget Nornen", founded in 1893 as a mountaineering, skiing, gymnastics and rowing club. Today, "Nornen" is mainly a gymastics, handball and floorball club.cite book | title=Årstad - historisk vandring i en ny bydel| coauthors=Stein Thowsen and Harald Garmannslund| date=2000| pages=124| publisher=Forlaget Livskunst] Other sport clubs include the football club "Nymark idrettslag", "Årstad idrettslag", "Ny-Krohnborg IL", "Sportsklubben Baune" and "Minde idrettslag". The main activity of most of the clubs is youth sports.

Although almost twenty buekorps have had their home in Årstad, only one, "Løvstakken Jegerkorps", still exists. As of 2000, "Løvstakken Jegerkorps" is the only buekorps in the city to allow both girls and boys to join.cite book | title=Årstad - historisk vandring i en ny bydel| coauthors=Stein Thowsen and Harald Garmannslund| date=2000| pages=132| publisher=Forlaget Livskunst]

References

External links

* [http://arv.hfk.no/templates/SchoolFrontpage.aspx?id=2215 Årstad videregående skole]
* [http://www.arstadil.no/ Årstad IL]
* [http://www.helse-bergen.no/english/welcome.htm Helse Bergen - Haukeland University Hospital (in English)]