ICAM-1

ICAM-1 (Inter-Cellular Adhesion Molecule 1) also known as CD54 (Cluster of Differentiation 54) is a human gene.cite journal | author = Carlson M, Nakamura Y, Payson R, O'Connell P, Leppert M, Lathrop GM, Lalouel JM, White R | title = Isolation and mapping of a polymorphic DNA sequence (pMCT108.2) on chromosome 18 [D18S24] | journal = Nucleic Acids Res. | volume = 16 | issue = 9 | pages = 4188 | year = 1988 | month = May | pmid = 2453850 | pmc = 336612 | url = http://nar.oxfordjournals.org/cgi/pmidlookup?view=long&pmid=2453850 | issn = ] cite journal | author = Katz FE, Parkar M, Stanley K, Murray LJ, Clark EA, Greaves MF | title = Chromosome mapping of cell membrane antigens expressed on activated B cells | journal = Eur. J. Immunol. | volume = 15 | issue = 1 | pages = 103–6 | year = 1985 | month = January | pmid = 3871395 | doi = | url = | issn = ]

Function

The protein encoded by this gene is a type of intercellular adhesion molecule continuously present in low concentrations in the membranes of leukocytes and endothelial cells. Upon cytokine stimulation, the concentrations greatly increase. ICAM-1 can be induced by interleukin-1 (IL-1) and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFα), and is expressed by the vascular endothelium, macrophages, and lymphocytes. ICAM-1 is a ligand for LFA-1 (integrin), a receptor found on leukocytes. When activated, leukocytes binds to endothelial cells via ICAM-1/LFA-1 and then transmigrates into tissues.cite journal | author = Yang L, Froio RM, Sciuto TE, Dvorak AM, Alon R, Luscinskas FW | title = ICAM-1 regulates neutrophil adhesion and transcellular migration of TNF-alpha-activated vascular endothelium under flow | journal = Blood | volume = 106 | issue = 2 | pages = 584–92 | year = 2005 | month = July | pmid = 15811956 | pmc = 1635241 | doi = 10.1182/blood-2004-12-4942 | url = | issn = ]

Clinical significance

ICAM-1 has been implicated in subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). Levels of ICAM-1 are shown to be significantly elevated in patients with SAH over control subjects in many studies.cite journal | author = Polin RS, Bavbek M, Shaffrey ME, Billups K, Bogaev CA, Kassell NF, Lee KS | title = Detection of soluble E-selectin, ICAM-1, VCAM-1, and L-selectin in the cerebrospinal fluid of patients after subarachnoid hemorrhage | journal = J. Neurosurg. | volume = 89 | issue = 4 | pages = 559–67 | year = 1998 | month = October | pmid = 9761049 | doi = | url = | issn = ] cite journal | author = Frijns CJ, Kappelle LJ | title = Inflammatory cell adhesion molecules in ischemic cerebrovascular disease | journal = Stroke | volume = 33 | issue = 8 | pages = 2115–22 | year = 2002 | month = August | pmid = 12154274 | url = http://stroke.ahajournals.org/cgi/pmidlookup?view=long&pmid=12154274 | issn = ] While ICAM-1 has not been shown to be directly correlated with cerebral vasospasm, a secondary insult which affects 70% of SAH patients, treatment with anti-ICAM-1 reduced the severity of vasospasm.

References

Further reading

PBB_Further_reading
citations =
*cite journal | author=Wahl SM, Greenwell-Wild T, Hale-Donze H, "et al." |title=Permissive factors for HIV-1 infection of macrophages. |journal=J. Leukoc. Biol. |volume=68 |issue= 3 |pages= 303–10 |year= 2000 |pmid= 10985244 |doi=
*cite journal | author=Yonekawa K, Harlan JM |title=Targeting leukocyte integrins in human diseases. |journal=J. Leukoc. Biol. |volume=77 |issue= 2 |pages= 129–40 |year= 2005 |pmid= 15548573 |doi= 10.1189/jlb.0804460
*cite journal | author=Chakravorty SJ, Craig A |title=The role of ICAM-1 in Plasmodium falciparum cytoadherence. |journal=Eur. J. Cell Biol. |volume=84 |issue= 1 |pages= 15–27 |year= 2005 |pmid= 15724813 |doi=
*cite journal | author=Lebedeva T, Dustin ML, Sykulev Y |title=ICAM-1 co-stimulates target cells to facilitate antigen presentation. |journal=Curr. Opin. Immunol. |volume=17 |issue= 3 |pages= 251–8 |year= 2005 |pmid= 15886114 |doi= 10.1016/j.coi.2005.04.008
*cite journal | author=Yang L, Froio RM, Sciuto TE, Dvorak AM, Alon R, Luscinskas FW |title=ICAM-1 regulates neutrophil adhesion and transcellular migration of TNF-alpha-activated vascular endothelium under flow. |journal=Blood. |volume=106 |issue= 2 |pages= 584–92 |year= 2005 |pmid= 15811956 |doi= 10.1182/blood-2004-12-4942

External links

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