Azora, the Daughter of Montezuma

"Azora, The Daughter of Montezuma" is an opera in 3 acts by American composer Henry Kimball Hadley to a libretto in English by author David Stevens.

ynopsis

The story takes place at the time of the conquest of the Aztecs by Cortéz. The Tlascalan Prince Xalca and Ramatzin, General of Montezuma's Army, vie for the hand of Montezuma's daughter Azora; the former having prevailed, Montezuma condemns the lovers to death. In a scene set at dawn in a cavern, all gather by the sacrificial stone, but before the execution can proceed Cortez and his priests appear, and the lovers are set free.

Performance History

The Chicago Opera Association gave the work its world premiere in Chicago, Illinois on December 26, 1917 and performed it once more in Chicago shortly thereafter.

As a single performance during an out-of-town residency perhaps more notable for having opened with the New York premiere of Mascagni's "Isabeau", the Chicago company then gave "Azora" its New York premiere on January 26, 1918 at the Lexington Opera House. The composer conducted, and the cast included Anna Fitziu as Azora, Forrest Lamont as Xalca, Cyrena van Gordon as Papantzin, Arthur Middleton as Ramatzin, Frank Preisch as Canek, and James Goddard as Montezuma. Although all members of the cast were promoted as young American singers, Lamont, who admittedly first trained and would make most of his career in the United States, was actually of Canadian birth.

"The New York Times" offered mostly praise for the "fresh, young, powerful voices" of the cast; only Goddard was "out of voice," and even he received high marks for his dramatic presentation. The paper's assessment of the work itself, however, although on balance favorable, was not unmixed: "... [W] hile [the] opera lacks somewhat the routine of the theater, and still more the dramatic note, it nevertheless escapes being either mere scholar's music or unsingable." The "Times" singled out for praise "a fine barbaric dance in the first act," the heroine's aria "Now Fades the Opal Sky" in Act 2, and some ensembles but suggested that more than one segment of the score somewhat outstayed its welcome. The paper also faulted the work for setting the execution in a cave: "The opera should have ended in the open, for the Aztecs worshipped on plateaus, on the pyramid of Cholula, for example, and not in caves." Nonetheless, it deemed the setting appropriately atmospheric for the drama's purposes.

After the performance, both Hadley and Stevens appeared for curtain calls. Fitziu presented Hadley with a large silk American flag, and the "representative audience of New York musicians and society folk" joined in singing as the orchestra played "The Star Spangled Banner".

Characters

*A Spanish Priest
*Azora, the Daughter of Montezuma (soprano)
*Canek, High Priest of the Sun (bass)
*Hernando Cortéz, Conqueror of Mexico
*Montezuma II, Emperor of Mexico (bass)
*Ramatzin, General of Montezuma's Army (baritone)
*Papantzin, Sister of Montezuma (contralto)
*Piqui-Chaqui (Flea-footed), A Runner
*Xalca, A Tlascalan Prince (tenor)

References

*"The New York Times", "'Isabeau' to Start Chicago Opera Here," January 13, 1918
*"The New York Times", "'Romeo and Juliet' Sung," January 27, 1918
*"The New York Times", "Hadley's 'Azora' Given," January 28, 1918
*"The Virtual Gramophone", biographical sketch of Forrest Lamont, [http://www.collectionscanada.gc.ca/gramophone/m2-1077-e.html Biographical sketch of Forrest Lamont.]