1600

Year 1600 was a leap year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a leap year starting on Tuesday of the 10-day slower Julian calendar).

Events of 1600

January - June

* January 1 - Scotland adopts January 1 as New Year's Day.
* February 17 - Giordano Bruno is burned at the stake for heresy in Rome.
* February 19 - Huaynaputina volcano undergoes a catastrophic eruption, the worst to be recorded in South America.
* May 6 - Prince Sigismund Bathory of Transylvania loses the city of Suceava to the Voivode Michael the Brave of Wallachia, during the internecine conflict in Hungary and the Danubian Principalities. For the first time, Transylvania, Moldavia, and Wallachia became one country (the actual Romania). However, the union ends one year later when Michael the Brave is killed.

July - December

* July 2 - Battle of Nieuwpoort: Dutch forces under Maurice of Nassau defeat Spanish forces under Archduke Albert of Austria in a battle on the coastal dunes.
* July 10 - Tycho observes a solar eclipse from Benatký. Shortly afterwards, he moves to Prague.
* July - Astronomer Longomontanus arrives in Prague, where he works with the Moon orbital theory; he brings the rest of Tycho's astronomical instruments with him. (All arrive by November 10).
* October - Rudolf II, Holy Roman Emperor, shows the first signs of his growing mental instability.
* October 6 - Jacopo Peri's "Euridice", the earliest surviving opera, is premiered in Florence.
* October 8 - San Marino gains its written constitution.
* October 21 - Battle of Sekigahara in Japan: Tokugawa Ieyasu defeats Ishida Mitsunari, setting the stage for the rule of the Tokugawa shogunate. This ends the Azuchi-Momoyama period and begins the Edo period.
* December 14 - The Spanish galleon "San Diego" is sunk off the Philippines.
* December 31 - A Royal charter incorporates the British East India Company in London.

Undated

* Sumo wrestling becomes a professional sport in Japan.
* William Shakespeare's "A Midsummer Night's Dream" is first performed and his play "The Merchant of Venice" is published.
* William Gilbert publishes "De Magnete", which describes the Earth's magnetic field and is the beginning of modern Geomagnetism.
* Fabritio Caroso's "Nobiltà de dame" is published.
* Ulster chieftains, with the lead of Hugh O'Neill, 2nd Earl of Tyrone, resist the English reconquest of Ireland.
*Konoike Shinroku establishes a sake brewery in Konoike.

Births

* January 1 - Friedrich Spanheim, Dutch theologian (d. 1649)
* January 17 - Pedro Calderón de la Barca, Spanish playwright (d. 1681)
* January 28 - Pope Clement IX (d. 1669)
* February - Edmund Calamy the Elder, English presbyterian (d. 1666)
* February 2 - Gabriel Naudé, French librarian and scholar (d. 1653)
* March 3 - George Ghica, Prince of Wallachia (d. 1664)
* May 13 - Empress Xiao Duan Wen of the Qing Dynasty (d. 1649)
* August 16 - Maria Celeste, nun, daughter of Galileo Galilei
* November - John Lennon, English writer and cartographer (d. 1676)
* November 19
**Leo Aitzema, Dutch historian and statesman (d. 1669)
**King Charles I of England, Scotland, and Ireland (ex. 1649)
*"date unknown"
**Marin le Roy de Gomberville, French poet and novelist (d. 1674)
**Sir Richard Grenville, 1st Baronet, English Royalist leader (d. 1658)
**Peter Heylin, English ecclesiastical writer (d. 1662)
**Antoine de Laloubère, French Jesuit mathematician (d. 1664)
**Anna Alojza Ostrogska, Polish noblewoman (d. 1654)
**William Prynne, English puritan politician (d. 1669)
**Brian Walton, English divine and scholar (d. 1661)
*"probable"
** Jonas Bronck, Swedish colonist in America (d. 1643)
** Piaras Feiritéar, Irish language poet (d. 1653)
** Samuel Rutherford, Scottish theologian and controversialist (d. 1660)

: "See also ."

Deaths

* February 13 - Gian Paolo Lomazzo, Italian painter (b. 1538)
* February 17 - Giordano Bruno, Italian philosopher (burned at the stake) (b. 1548)
* April - Thomas Deloney, English writer (b. 1543)
* July 17 - Hosokawa Gracia, Japanese noblewoman (b. 1563)
* August 5 - John Ruthven, 3rd Earl of Gowrie, Scottish conspirator (b. 1577)
* August 27 - Mizuno Tadashige, Japanese nobleman (b. 1541)
* September 1 - Tadeáš Hájek, Czech physician and astronomer (b. 1525)
* September 26 - Claude Le Jeune, French composer (b. 1530)
* October 12 - Luis Molina, Spanish Jesuit (b. 1535)
* October 21 - Toda Katsushige, Japanese warlord (b. 1557)
* November 3 - Richard Hooker, Anglican theologian (b. 1554)
* November 6 - Ishida Mitsunari, Japanese feudal lord (decapitated) (b. 1560)
* November 6 - Konishi Yukinaga, Japanese Christian warlord (b. 1555)
* November 8 - Natsuka Masaie, Japanese warlord (b. 1562)
* November 17 - Kuki Yoshitaka, Japanese naval commander (b. 1542)
*"date unknown"
**José de Acosta, Spanish Jesuit missionary and naturalist (b. 1540)
**Abe Masakatsu, Japanese nobleman (b. 1541)
**Antonio Monserrate, Spanish Jesuit (b. 1536): "See also ."

References

*Spielvogel -- "Western Civilization -- Volume II: Since 1500" (5th Edition), p.401