1657

Year 1657 AD (MDCLVII) was a common year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Thursday [ "Calendar for year 1657 (Russia)" (full Julian calendar), Steffen Thorsen, Time and Date AS, 2007, webpage: [http://www.timeanddate.com/calendar/index.html?year=1657&country=20 Julian1657] .] of the 10-day slower Julian calendar).

Events of 1657

January - June

* January - The "Meireki no Taika" (great fire) in Edo, Japan destroys most of the city and damages Edo castle, killing an estimated 100,000 people.
* January 8 - Miles Sindercombe, would-be-assassin of Oliver Cromwell, and his group are captured in London.
* February 4 - Oliver Cromwell grants residency to Luis Caravajal.
* February - Admiral Robert Blake defeats the Spanish West Indian Fleet in a battle over the seizure of Jamaica.
* March 23 - France and England form an alliance against Spain; England receives Dunkirk.
* March 31 - The English Humble Petition and Advice offers Lord Protector Cromwell the crown.
* April 3 - English Lord Protector Cromwell refuses the crown, preferring the title "Lord Protector".
* April 20 - Admiral Robert Blake destroys a Spanish silver fleet under heavy fire at Santa Cruz de Tenerife.
* April 20 - The Jews of New Amsterdam (later New York City) are granted freedom of religion as full citizens. "The Land of the 'Free'? - 1650-1699" (timeline), webpage: members.aol.com/wdwylie6/1650-1699.htm.]
* June 1 - The first Quaker settlers arrive in New Amsterdam (later New York).

July - December

* July 13 - Oliver Cromwell constrains English army leader John Lambert.
* August - In New Amsterdam, 11 Quakers arrive and are allowed to practice their religion.
* August 20 - The ship "Les Armes d'Amsterdam" arrives at Quebec, New France. Among the passengers is Michel Mathieu Brunet dit Lestang (1638-1708), colonist, explorer and co-discoverer of what is today Green Bay, Wisconsin.
* September 19 - Brandenburg and Poland sign the Treaty of Wehlau.
* September 24 - The first autopsy and coroner's jury verdict is recorded in the colony of Maryland.
* September - Shah Jahan becomes ill, allowing his son to take control.
* October 1 - Treaty of Raalte: Willem II is no longer viceroy of Overijssel.
* October 3 - French troops occupy Mardyke.
* November 6 - Brandenburg and Poland sign the Unity of Bromberg.
* December 27 - The Flushing Remonstrance is signed in New Amsterdam at the site of the future Flushing Town Hall (built 1862) in New York.

Undated

* The Accademia del Cimento is founded in Florence, Italy (the first equivalent to a scientific research center).
* England's first chocolate shop is opened.
*Katharina von Georgien was published.

Births

* February 11 - Bernard le Bovier de Fontenelle, French scientist and man of letters (d. 1757)
* March 1 - Samuel Werenfels, Swiss theologian (d. 1740)
* March 18 - Giuseppe Ottavio Pitoni, Italian composer (d. 1743)
* March 24 - Arai Hakuseki, Japanese politician and writer (d. 1725)
* June 10 - James Craggs the Elder, English politician (d. 1721)
* July 11 - King Frederick I of Prussia (d. 1713)
* August 18 - Ferdinando Galli-Bibiena, Italian architect/painter (d. 1743)
* September 17 - Sophia Alekseyevna, regent of Russia (d. 1704)
* November 26 - William Derham, English minister and writer (d. 1735)
*"date unknown"
**Clopton Havers, English physiologist
**William Wake, Archbishop of Canterbury (d. 1737)

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Deaths

* March - Edward Hopkins (b. 1600)
* March 7 - Hayashi Razan, Japanese neo-Confucianist scholar (b. 1583)
* April 2 - Ferdinand III, Holy Roman Emperor (born 1608)
* May 9 - William Bradford, Governor of Plymouth Colony (b. 1590)
* May 10 - Gustaf Horn, Swedish soldier and politician (b. 1592)
* May 16 - Andrzej Bobola, Polish Jesuit missionary (b. 1591)
* June 3 - William Harvey, English physician (b. 1578)
* August 16 - Bohdan Khmelnytsky, Ukrainian Cossack Hetman (b. c. 1595)
* August 17 - Robert Blake, British admiral (b. 1599)
* August 29 - John Lilburne, English dissenter (b. c. 1614)
* September 7 - Arvid Wittenberg, Swedish field marshal and statesman (b. 1606)
* September 13 - Jacob van Campen, Dutch artist (b. 1596)
*"date unknown" - Willem Ysbrandtsz Bontekoe, Dutch sea captain (b. 1587)

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Notes