- 1774
Year 1774 (MDCCLXXIV) was a
common year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar) of theGregorian calendar (or acommon year starting on Wednesday of the 11-day slowerJulian calendar ).Events of 1774
January - June
*January 21 -Mustafa III , Sultan of theOttoman Empire dies and is succeeded by his brotherAbd-ul-Hamid I .
*January 27 - An angry crowd in America seizes a British customs collector and then tars and feathers him.
*March 31 -Intolerable Acts : TheBritish Parliament passes theBoston Port Act , closing the port ofBoston, Massachusetts as punishment for theBoston Tea Party .
*April 17 - The first avowedlyUnitarian congregation, Essex Street Chapel, is founded in London byTheophilus Lindsey .
*May 10 - Louis XVI becomes King ofFrance following the death of Louis XV.
*June 2 -Intolerable Acts : A newQuartering Act , requiring American colonists to provide better housing for British soldiers upon demand, is passed.
*June 11 - Jews inAlgiers escape the attack of the Spanish army.July - December
*July 21 -Russo-Turkish War (1768–1774) :Russia and theOttoman Empire sign theTreaty of Kuchuk-Kainarji , ending six years ofwar . The treaty does giveRussia the right to intervene in Ottoman politics to protect itsChristian subjects.*
1 August - The elementoxygen is discovered for the third (and last) time - the second quantitatively following the somewhat earlier work ofCarl Wilhelm Scheele (1771-1772) - byJoseph Priestley , who publishes the fact in1775 and so names the element and usually gets all the credit.*
September 5 - TheFirst Continental Congress assembles inPhiladelphia, Pennsylvania .*
September 21 -George Mason andGeorge Washington found the Fairfax CountyMilitia Association, a military unit independent of British control.*
October 10 -Dunmore's War -Battle of Point Pleasant :Cornstalk is forced to make peace with Dunmore at theTreaty of Camp Charlotte , cedingShawnee land claims south of theOhio (modernKentucky ) toVirginia .*
October 21 - The word "Liberty" is first displayed on a flag raised by colonists inTaunton, Massachusetts , in defiance of British rule inColonial America .Undated
* The British pass the
Quebec Act , setting out rules of governance for the colony ofQuebec in BritishNorth America .
* To avoid severe flooding, Martinsborough, North Carolina is moved to higher ground 3 miles west. TheNorth Carolina General Assembly incorporates Martinsborough as the new county seat of Pitt County, 3 years after its founding.
* German cobblerJohann Birkenstock creates the firstBirkenstock sandals .Births
*February 11 -Hans Jarta , Swedish political activist and administrator (d.1847 )
*February 24 -Prince Adolphus, 1st Duke of Cambridge (d.1850 )
*March 9 -Mayhew Folger , whaler, captain of "Topaz " (ship), rediscoveredPitcairn Islands in1808 (d.1828 )
*March 16 - CaptainMatthew Flinders , English explorer (d.1814 )
*July 20 -Auguste Marmont , French marshal (d.1852 )
*August 12 -Robert Southey , English poet and biographer (d.1843 )
*August 28 -Elizabeth Ann Seton , co-founder ofMount Saint Mary's University , founder of theSisters of Charity (d.1821 )
*September 5 -Caspar David Friedrich , German artist (d.1840 )
*September 26 -Johnny Appleseed (John Chapman), nurseryman/missionary planted apple-tree nurseries inOhio ,Indiana , andIllinois (d.1847 )
*"date unknown" - Sergei Nikolayevich Glinka -Russia n author, brother ofFedor Nikolaevich Glinka (d.1847 ): "See also ."
Deaths
*January 21 -Mustafa III ,Ottoman Sultan (b.1717 )
*February 4 -Charles Marie de La Condamine , French mathematician and geographer (b.1701 )
*April 4 -Oliver Goldsmith , English writer (b.1730 )
*May 4 -Anthony Ulrich II, Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg (b.1714 )
*May 10 - KingLouis XV of France (b.1710 )
*July 1 -Henry Fox, 1st Baron Holland , English statesman (b.1705 )
*July 11 -Sir William Johnson, 1st Baronet , Irish-born New York pioneer
*July 14 -James O'Hara, 2nd Baron Tyrawley and Kilmaine , British field marshal (b.1682 )
*August 11 -Tiphaigne de la Roche , French writer (b.1722 )
*August 14 -Johann Jakob Reiske , German scholar and physician (b.1716 )
*August 25 -Niccolò Jommelli , Italian composer (b.1714 )
*September 22 -Pope Clement XIV (b.1705 )
*September 25 -John Bradstreet , Canadian-born soldier (b.1714 )
*October 23 -Michel Benoist , French Jesuit missionary and scientist (b.1715 )
*October 26 -Roemer Vlacq II , Dutch vice-admiral (b.1712 )
*November 22 -Robert Clive, 1st Baron Clive , British general and statesman (b.1725 )
*December 2 -Johann Friedrich Agricola , German composer (b.1720 )
*December 16 -François Quesnay , French economist (b.1694 )
*Elizabeth Woollat , wife ofJedediah Strutt (b.1729 ): "See also ."
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