Atlantic (locomotive)

infobox Locomotive
name="Atlantic"

---

caption=The "Andrew Jackson", altered to resemble the "Atlantic", on display at the New York World's Fair in 1939| powertype=Steam
gauge=4 ft 8½ in (1435 mm)
whytetype=0-4-0
builder=Phineas Davis
builddate=1832
fueltype=anthracite coal
weight=6.5 tons
cylindercount=2
railroad=Baltimore and Ohio Railroad
nicknames="Grasshopper"
boilerpressure=50 psi
tractiveeffort=1,570 pound force
poweroutput=63 hp

"Atlantic" was the name of an early American steam locomotive built by Phineas Davis for the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad (B&O) in 1832.

Design and construction

Built at a cost of $4,500, the "Atlantic" weighed 6.5 tons and had two vertical cylinders. Ox teams were used to convey the engine to Baltimore, where it made a successful inaugural trip to Ellicott's Mills, Maryland, a distance of thirteen miles. Nicknamed the "Grasshopper" for its distinctive vertical pushrods, the locomotive carried 50 pounds of steam and burned a ton of anthracite coal on a 40-mile trip from Baltimore. Satisfied with this locomotive's operations, the B&O built 20 more locomotives of a similar design at its Mt. Clare shops in Baltimore.

Replica "Atlantic"

In 1892, the B&O rebuilt another locomotive, originally named "Andrew Jackson", to resemble the 1832 "Atlantic". It was intended to be used as a heritage showpiece, and it was first exhibited at the 1893 World's Columbian Exposition in Chicago, Illinois. It was exhibited again at the 1939 New York World's Fair and then in 1948-49 at the Chicago Railroad Fair as part of the latter fair's "Wheels A-Rolling" pageant.

References

* Chicago Railroad Fair Official Guide Book (1949).
* (1999) " [http://www.dgbn.com/train/steam.html Steam Locomotive Roster] ". Retrieved February 15 2006.
* White, John H., Jr. (1968). "A history of the American locomotive; its development: 1830-1880". Dover Publications, New York, NY. ISBN 0-486-23818-0. p 71.