Kozelets

Infobox Town
official_name = Kozelets’
native_name = Козелець
settlement_type = Urban-type settlement


image_caption =
image_shield = Kozele r.gif
shield_size = 100px


map_caption = Map of Ukraine with Kozelets (red) within Chernihiv Oblast.
subdivision_type = Country
subdivision_name = UKR
subdivision_type1 = Oblast
subdivision_name1 = flag|Chernihiv Oblast
subdivision_type2 = Raion
subdivision_name2 = Kozeletskyi Raion
leader_title = Head
leader_name = Petro Fedchenko
established_title = First mentioned
established_date = 1098
established_title2 = Magdeburg rights
established_date2 = 1656
established_title3 = Town status
established_date3 = 1924
area_total_km2 = 8.44
population_as_of = 2007
population_total = 8,305
population_metro =
population_density_km2 = 1037.67
timezone = EET
utc_offset = +2
timezone_DST = EEST
utc_offset_DST = +3
latd=50 |latm=54 |lats=0 |latNS=N
longd=31 |longm=07 |longs=0 |longEW=E
elevation_m =
postal_code_type = Postal code
postal_code = 17003
area_code = +380 4646
website = [http://gska2.rada.gov.ua/pls/z7502/A005?rdat1=17.06.2008&rf7571=40033 Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine]

Kozelets ( _uk. Козелець; _ru. Козелец) is a historic town located in Chernihiv Oblast (province) of northern Ukraine. Kozelets is located on the Oster River, a tributary of the Dnieper. The city's estimated population is 8,305 (as of 2007).

The town was first mentioned in 1098, but its status as an urban-type settlement (a step below that of a city) was granted in 1924. [cite web|url=http://gska2.rada.gov.ua/pls/z7502/A005?rdat1=17.06.2008&rf7571=40033|title=Urban-type settlement Kozelets, Chernihiv Oblast, Kozeletskyi Raion|accessdate=2008-06-17|work=Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine|language=Ukrainian] It serves as the administrative center of the Kozeletskyi Raion (district) housing the raion's administrative structure.

Notable attractions in the city includes the Cathedral of the Nativity of the Blessed Virgin designed in the Ukrainian Baroque style by architects Ivan Hryhorovych-Barskyi and Andrei Kvasov according to a plan by imperial architect Francesco Bartolomeo Rastrelli. Kozelets also houses several local food industries, and a veterinary technicum.

History

Kozelets was first mentioned in 1098 as a fortified town in the East Slavic state of Kievan Rus'.cite web |url=http://www.encyclopediaofukraine.com/display.asp?AddButton=pagesKOKozelets.htm|title=Kozelets|accessdate=2008-06-17|work=Encyclopedia of Ukraine|language=English] During times of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth, Kozelets was known by the name "Kozlohrad" ( _uk. Козлоград).

In the beginning of the 17th century, Kozelets was an important regional trade center. [cite book|title=Kozelets|url=http://encycl.yandex.ru/dict/bse/article/00035/59700.htm|accessdate=2008-06-17|year=1969–1978|publisher=Great Soviet Encyclopedia|location=Moscow] The town was also a sotnia town in the Pereiaslav and Kiev Regiment of the Cossack Hetmanate during the 17-18th centuries. [cite web|url=http://cult.gov.ua/blog/2007-12-28-45/|title=Kozeletskyi Raion. General information about the raion|accessdate=2008-06-17|work=Division of Culture and Tourism|publisher=Chernihiv Oblast Government Administration|language=Ukrainian]

In 1656, the Magdeburg rights were granted to the town. The Kozelets Cossack Rada elected Yakym Somko as the Hetman of the Cossacks in 1662. [cite news|first=Ihor|last=Syundyukov|title=Ukrainian rebellion|url=http://www.day.kiev.ua/124033|work=The Day|date=September 18, 2004|accessdate=2008-06-17|language=Ukrainian] [cite book |title=Нариси Історії України: З найдавніших часів до кінця XVIII ст.|last=Yakovenko|first=Nataliya|year=1997|location=Kyiv|url=http://history.franko.lviv.ua/yak_content.htm] After the Tatar invasion of 1669, Kozelets was partially destroyed.

The city also served as a regional center of the Kiev, Little Russia, and Chernigov Governorates of the Russian Empire during the 18-19th centuries. At the end of the 19th century, Kozelets's population was 5,420. [cite book|title=Kozelets|url=http://gatchina3000.ru/brockhaus-and-efron-encyclopedic-dictionary/052/52757.htm|accessdate=2008-06-08|volume=V. 27|year=1895|publisher=Brockhaus and Efron Encyclopedic Dictionary|location=Saint Petersburg]

After the breakup of the Russian Empire leading to the Russian Civil War, Kozelets became a part of the Soviet Union. In 1924, its status as a city was removed and given that of an urban-type settlement. During World War II, the Nazi Einsatzgruppen executed 125 of the towns's Jews, a population which numbered 2,000 before the war. [cite web|url=http://www.ess.uwe.ac.uk/genocide/Einsatz2b.htm|title="The Einsatzgruppen Case" Military Tribunal II|accessdate=2008-06-17|publisher=UWE Bristol]

Attractions

[
iconostasis was made in Italy.]

Being a regimental Cossack town, Kozelets has some important architectural monuments. This includes the Regimental Chancellery Building (the current town hall), the Darahan Mansion complex, the Saint Michael's Church (built in 1784) and the Ascension Church (1864-66).

The town's main cathedral and architectural attraction is the Cathedral of the Nativity of the Blessed Virgin. The cathedral was built in the mid-18th century in the late Ukrainian Baroque style by architects Ivan Hryhorovych-Barskyi and Andrei Kvasov, [cite web|url=http://ukrainainkognita.org.ua/Ukr/Region/koz_ost_ukr/koz_ost_ukr.htm|title=Oster, Kozelets and others|accessdate=2008-06-17|last=Malenkov|first=Roman|work=Ukraine Incognita|language=Ukrainian] cite web|url=http://castles.com.ua/index.php?id=kozelec|title=Kozelets. Cathedral of the Nativity|accessdate=2008-06-17|work=castles.com.ua|language=Ukrainian] according to a project by imperial architect Francesco Bartolomeo Rastrelli. [cite web|url=http://www.kozelec.in.ua/l1/?pid=823|title=Iconostasis|accessdate=2008-06-17|work=Cathedral of the Nativity of the Blessed Virgin in Kozelets|language=Ukrainian] Funds for the construction of the cathedral were provided by Alexey and Kyrylo Rozumovsky (the latter was appointed Hetman in 1750).

People from Kozelets

List of famous people from Kozelets:
* Boris Mankevsky (1883-1962), Ukrainian neurologist;cite web|url=http://www.gorod.cn.ua/city_325.html|title=Kozelets|accessdate=2008-06-17|work=Gorod.cn.ua|language=Russian]
* Vladimir Negovsky (1909-2003), Russian pathophysiologist;
* Yuriy Levitansky (1922-1996), Russian poet.

References

External links

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