Fokker C.V

infobox Aircraft
name = C.V, C.VI, and C.IX
type = Light recce, bomber aircraft
manufacturer = Fokker

---

caption = Finnish Fokker C.V-E's
designer =
first flight =
introduced = 1924
retired =
status =
primary user =Royal Netherlands Air Force
more users = Italian Air Force
Norwegian Army Air Service
Swedish Air Force
Hungarian Air Force
produced =
number built =C.VI: 33
C.V-B: 18
C.V-C: 16
C.V-D: 212
C.V-E: 327
Ro.1 and Ro.1-bis: 349
unit cost =
developed from =

Fokker C.V was a Dutch light reconnaissance and bomber biplane aircraft manufactured by Fokker. It was designed by Anthony Fokker and the series manufacture began in 1924 at Fokker in Amsterdam.

Development

The C.V was constructed in the early 1920s by Anthony Fokker. The aircraft was intended as a twin-seated reconnaissance and bomber aircraft. When shown to the public in 1924, the C.V was the first multi-role aircraft and it was manufactured in a variety of versions; the customer could choose from five different wing constructions (which varied in wing span). The radial engines could give between 450-970 hp. The landing gear could be changed from wheels to pontoons. The aircraft became an export success for Fokker, it was sold and/or license manufactured in Bolivia, China, Denmark, Finland, Hungary, Italy, Japan, the Netherlands, Norway, Switzerland, the Soviet Union and the US. [War over Holland: [http://www.waroverholland.nl/index.php?url=/uk_weap010.html Fokker C.V] en icon] Sweden purchased two different versions to use as models for their license manufacturing of the reconnaissance version S 6 and a fighter version J 3.

Operational history

The Dutch Air Force used the C.V in front line service against the German Luftwaffe during World War II. After the Dutch surrender, the aircraft were taken over by Luftwaffe and used on the Eastern front until 1944.Fact|date=May 2008 The Swiss Air Force used their C.Vs as target tugs until 1954, after their retirement from frontline service.

Use in Norway

The Norwegian Army Air Service bought its first C.V-Ds and C.V-Es in 1926. The two versions were designated as long-winged (-E) and short-winged (-D) Fokkers. The initial purchase agreement with Fokker included license production rights and in the period 1929-1931 twenty-seven C.V-Ds were manufactured at the NoAAS' aircraft factory at Kjeller. After the production of C.V-Ds ended a further fifteen C.V-Es were followed between 1932 and 1939. In total the NoAAS operated seventy-two Fokker C.Vs, forty of which were license built in Norway. When the Germans invaded Norway on 9 April 1940, forty Fokker C.Vs were still in Norwegian service. The C.Vs were based on several air bases in different parts of the country and mostly saw service as reconnaissance and light transport aircraft. Although the planes were hopelessly outdated as combat aircraft they still saw extensive and successful service in the bomber role during the April-June 1940 Norwegian Campaign, supporting Norwegian ground troops fighting on the Narvik front. [National Norwegian Aviation Museum website: [http://luftfart.museum.no/Engelsk/Exhibitions/default.htm The Exhibitions] en icon]

Use in Finland

The Finnish Air Force used both C.V-Ds and C.V-Es. One C.V-E was purchased in 1927, with delivery 20 September, and a further 13 were purchased on 17 March 1934, arriving in the winter of 1935. During the Winter War, Sweden donated three more C.V-Es. Two C.V-Ds were also flown from Norway to Finland at the closing stages of the Norwegian Campaign. These were interned and turned over to the FAF. The aircraft were used as reconnaissance and light bomber aircraft between 20 September 1927 and 14 February 1945. During the Winter War the Finnish C.Vs flew 151 reconnaissance and harassment bombing sorties without suffering any losses. The Continuation War saw the C.Vs flying an unknown number of sorties and suffering one aircraft loss. [Backwoods Landing Strip: [http://www.sci.fi/~ambush/faf/fafincolor.html Finnish Air Force aircraft] en icon]

Use in Sweden

In 1927 the Swedish Air Force purchased two C.V-Ds (J 3) and two C.V-E (S 6) to serve as models for the eventual license manufacturing of the aircraft by CVM. The four aircraft were flown to Sweden in 1928. They proved suitable and an agreement for licence production was made and a further four C.V-E and six C.V-D were purchased, [http://www.avrosys.nu/aircraft/Spaning/206S6.htm S 6 - Fokker C.V (1927-1946)] ] the latter designated J 3A. Seven C.V-D ordered from CVM were built as C.V-E, as by 1929 it was clear the type was unsuitable as a fighter, but still they were designated J 3B. [http://www.avrosys.nu/aircraft/Jakt/103J3.htm J 3 - Fokker C.V-D (1928-1931)] ]

In 1931 the J 3B were redesignated S 6, the J 3 and J 3A S 6A. Ten C.V-E with Nohab My VI engines instead of Jupiter VI engines were given the designation S 6B.

The S 6 became the prime liaison aircraft for the Swedish Air Force. It was used for fire spotting, aerial photographing and liaison duty in conjunction with the Army. At the outbreak of World War II, there were 36 aircraft left in service. They would continue until being replaced by Saab 17s from 1942. [ [http://www.avrosys.nu/aircraft/Spaning/212S17.htm S 17BL & S 17BS - SAAB S 17 (1942-1952)] ] CVM manufactured 17 S 6 between 1929-1932. Some were fitted with floats and designated S 6H.

In 1945 the SwAF sold three S 6s to "Svensk Flygtjänst" to be used for aerial application over forrest. Two other were sold to "Skåneflyg" in 1947. One is preserved and can be seen in the Swedish Air Force Museum. Lieutenant Einar Lundborg rescued the Italian General Umberto Nobile in 1928, with a S 6B, equipped with skis. Nobile was on an ice shelf after his airship "Italia" had crashed on its way to the North Pole.

Use in Switzerland

After trials in 1927, Swiss authorities had 48 C.V.-E licence-built in Switzerland for use by the Swiss Air Force (then the Swiss Army Air Corps). Twenty-four machines were built at K+W Thun and 24 at Doflug Altenrhein. The aircraft were in service from 1933 to 1940 and were armed with bombs, two pilot machine guns and a double machine gun for the observer. [Information plaque at the Fliegermuseum Dübendorf.]

Luftwaffe C.V-Es

During their occupation of Denmark the Germans requisitioned a number of Danish Fokker C.V.-Es. Some of these aircraft were used by the Estonian volunteer-manned Nachtschlachtgruppe 11 (Night Ground Attack Wing 11) at Rahkla in 1944. [Weal 2003, p. 105] NSGr. 11 used its C.V-Es on the Eastern Front to carry out disruptive harassment night bombing sorties against the Russian front lines. These operations were carried out in response to similar nocturnal operations by Soviet light aircraft, such as the Po-2 biplanes. [Weal 2003, p. 64] Two of the C.V-Es of the NSGr. 11 were flown to Sweden in October 1944 by four Estonian defectors, and one of them was handed back to the Danes by the Swedes in 1947. [Weal 2003, p. 125]

Variants

C.V

*C.V-B - (or C.Vb) strategic reconnaissance aircraft, 18 built
*C.V-C - (or C.Vc) light reconnaissance and bomber aircraft. Users: the Netherlands 6, Bolivia 10
*C.V-D - (or C.Vd) light reconnaissance, bomber and escort fighter. Users: Finland 2, Bolivia 10, Denmark 49, Hungary 68 (Ds and Es), the Netherlands 119 (VIs, Ds and Cs), Norway 27, Sweden 2, Switzerland 3, Germany 15 (Ds and Es)
*C.V-E - (or C.Ve) Light bomber version. Users: Finland 17, Denmark 31, Hungary 68 (Ds and Es), the Netherlands 18, KNIL 20, Germany 15 (Ds and Es), Norway 46, Sweden 51, Switzerland 61
*C.V-W - Two-seat floatplane version of the C.V-C for Bolivia. Ten built.
*IMAM Ro.1 and Ro.1-bis - Italian licence manufactured light bomber version; 349 manufactured
*Budapest 9 - About 100 Fokker C.Vs were built by Manfred Weiss under licence in Hungary [http://home.mit.bme.hu/~tade/pages/fokker.htm Fokker in the Royal Hungarian Air Force] en icon]
*Budapest 11 and Budapest 14 - Built by Manfred Weiss under license in Hungary

C.VI

*C.VI - light reconnaissance aircraft with Hispano-Suiza engine, 33 converted from C.V-D

C.IX

*C.IX - strategic reconnaissance variant of C.V-E with Hispano-Suiza 12N engine; five built for Netherlands, one exported to Switzerland

Operators

*BOL
*flagicon|Republic of China China
*DEN
*FIN
**
*GER
* (Ro.1 and Ro.1-bis)
**
*
*NLD
**
*NOR
** (1926-1940)
*SWE (S 6)
*SUI
*USA
**United States Navy - A single Ro.1 was purchased for the use of the US Naval Air Attaché in 1928 cite book |last=Swanborough |first=Gordon |coauthors=Bowers, Peter M. |title= United States Navy Aircraft since 1911| edition =Second edition|year= 1976|publisher= Putnam|location=London |isbn= 0 370 10054 9 ]

pecifications (Dutch C.V)

aircraft specifications
plane or copter?=plane
jet or prop?=prop
ref= [http://www.waroverholland.nl/index.php?url=/uk_weap010.html War over Holland] en icon
crew=Two
capacity=
length main=9.25 m
length alt=
span main=12.50 m (C.Vd), 15.30 m (C.Ve)
span alt=
height main=
height alt=
area main=
area alt=
airfoil=
empty weight main= 1,920 kg
empty weight alt=
loaded weight main=
loaded weight alt=
useful load main=
useful load alt=
max takeoff weight main=
max takeoff weight alt=
more general=
engine (prop)=Rolls Royce Kestrel V IIb
type of prop=inline piston engine
number of props=1
power main=630 hp
power alt=
power original=
max speed main=250 km/h
max speed alt=
cruise speed main=180 km/h
cruise speed alt=
stall speed main=
stall speed alt=
never exceed speed main=
never exceed speed alt=
range main=800 km
range alt=
ceiling main=6,500 m
ceiling alt=22,000 ft
climb rate main=
climb rate alt=
loading main=
loading alt=
thrust/weight=
power/mass main=
power/mass alt=
more performance=
guns=
** 2 × 7.9 mm FN synchronized fixed machine guns
** 1 × 7.9 mm Lewis machine gun on flexible mount in the rear
bombs=200 kg of bombs under wings
avionics=

pecifications (Norwegian license built C.V-D)

aircraft specifications
plane or copter?=plane
jet or prop?=prop
ref= [http://luftfart.museum.no/Engelsk/Exhibitions/default.htm National Norwegian Aviation Museum] en icon
crew=Two
capacity=
length main=9.40 m
length alt=30.84 ft
span main=12.50 m
span alt=41 ft
height main=3.30 m
height alt=10.83 ft
area main=
area alt=
airfoil=
empty weight main=
empty weight alt=
loaded weight main=
loaded weight alt=
useful load main=
useful load alt=
max takeoff weight main=2,000 kg
max takeoff weight alt=4,409 lb
more general=
engine (prop)=Bristol Jupiter
type of prop=radial engine
number of props=1
power main=450 hp
power alt=335.6 kW
power original=
max speed main=215 km/h
max speed alt=115 knots, 132 mph
cruise speed main=
cruise speed alt=
stall speed main=
stall speed alt=
never exceed speed main=
never exceed speed alt=
range main=1,000 km
range alt=621.37 mi
ceiling main=5,900 m
ceiling alt=19,360 ft
climb rate main=
climb rate alt=
loading main=
loading alt=
thrust/weight=
power/mass main=
power/mass alt=
more performance=
guns=2 × 7.2 mm machine guns
bombs=16 × 8 kg (17½ lb) bombs or 4 × 50 kg (110 lb) bombs
avionics=

pecifications (C.V-E)

aircraft specifications
plane or copter?=plane
jet or prop?=prop
ref=Thulinista HornetiinFact|date=April 2008
crew=Two
capacity=
length main=9.53 m
length alt= 31 ft 3 in
span main=15.30 m
span alt= 30 ft 2 in
height main=3.30 m
height alt=10 ft 10 in
area main=39.30 m²
area alt= 422.8 ft²
airfoil=
empty weight main=
empty weight alt=
loaded weight main=
loaded weight alt=
useful load main=
useful load alt=
max takeoff weight main=2,400 kg
max takeoff weight alt= 5,280 lb
more general=
engine (prop)=Napier Lion
type of prop=
number of props=1
power main= 400 hp
power alt= 298 kW
power original=
power more=or Armstrong Siddeley Panther II 575 hp (429 kW) or Bristol Jupiter VI 420 hp (336 kW)
max speed main=215 km/h
max speed alt=115 knots, 132 mph
cruise speed main=
cruise speed alt=
stall speed main=
stall speed alt=
never exceed speed main=
never exceed speed alt=
range main=
range alt=
ceiling main=
ceiling alt=
climb rate main=
climb rate alt=
loading main=
loading alt=
thrust/weight=
power/mass main=
power/mass alt=
more performance=
guns= 1 × 7.9 mm machine gun
bombs= 16 × 8 kg (17½ lb) bombs or 4 × 50 kg (110 lb)bombs
avionics=

Footnotes

References

* Timo Heinonen: "Thulinista Hornetiin - Keski-Suomen ilmailumuseon julkaisuja 3", 1992. ISBN 951-95688-2-4 fi icon
* Weal, John, "Luftwaffe Schlachtgruppen: Aviation Elite Units 13", Osprey Publishing, Oxford 2003 ISBN 1841766089

External links

* [http://www.go2war2.nl/artikel/308 www.dutch-aviation.nl] nl icon
* [http://luftfart.museum.no/Engelsk/Exhibitions/default.htm National Norwegian Aviation Museum] en icon
* [http://www.sci.fi/~ambush/faf/fafincolor.html Backwoods landing strip - Finnish Air Force aircraft] en icon
* [http://www.waroverholland.nl/index.php?url=/uk_weap010.html War over Holland: Fokker C.V (C.5)]
* [http://www.avrosys.nu/aircraft/Spaning/206S6.htm S 6 - Fokker C.V (1927-1946)]

ee also

aircontent
related=
similar aircraft=
sequence=
lists=
* List of military aircraft of Norway
* List of military aircraft of Sweden
* List of aircraft of the Finnish Air Force
see also=