- Cavalcante
:
Cavalcante is a small
town andmunicipality in northernGoiás state,Brazil . It is one of the poorest municipalities in the state. It is home to communities of descendants of runaway slaves called Kalungas.Location
It is located just north of the
Chapada dos Veadeiros National Park and is connected by tarmacked road withTeresina de Goiás . It is part of theChapada dos Veadeiros micro-region. The distance to the state capital ofGoiânia is 510 km and most residents have greater contact with Brasília than with the state capital. Highway connections fromGoiânia are made by BR-153 /Anápolis /Alexânia / BR-060 /Planaltina / GO-430 / GO-118 / BR-010 /São João da Aliança /Alto Paraíso de Goiás /Teresina de Goiás / GO-241.Neighboring municipalities and states are:
*north: Tocantins
*south:Alto Paraíso de Goiás
*east:Colinas do Sul
*west:Teresina de Goiás The Economy
The economy is based on cattle raising (60,777 head in 2006) and agriculture. The main crops cultivated are rice and corn, although in modest production. There was one bank--Banco do Brasil S.A. (Agosto/2007)
Agricultural data 2006
*Farms: 1,228
*Total area: 331,175 ha.
*Area of permanent crops: 10,681 ha.
*Area of perennial crops: 32,505 ha.
*Area of natural pasture: 186,001 ha.
*Area of woodland and forests: 72,521 ha.
*Persons dependent on farming: 4,000
*Number of tractors: 703
*Cattle herd: 60,777
*Main crop: corn with 1,500 ha [ [http://www.ibge.gov.br/ IBGE] ]Tourism
Founded in 1740 with the discovery of gold, Cavalcante still has traces of the colonial architecture of the gold period. Located 330 km. from
Brasília it has waterfalls, streams and trails. Crossing the low mountains one can reach the springs of hot mineral water that gave the name to a now extinct mining town--Água Quente.Cavalcante was once considered in the golden age of mining to be a great producer of gold and other minerals. Now livestock raising is the strong point of the local economy. The town also gets some tourism, which enters the
Chapada dos Veadeiros National Park inAlto Paraíso de Goiás , 100 km to the south. Many tourists come to visit the more than 150 cataloged waterfalls, most of which can only be visited on foot. On a dirt road that borders the national park there are connections withColinas do Sul and the Serra da Mesa artificial lake.History
The first settlers arrived in the region in 1736 looking for gold. Soon gold was discovered near the stream called Lava Pés and the village began to grow taking the name of Cavalcante, after Julião Cavalcante its founder. By 1806 the gold had run out and the population declined accordingly. In 1831 the town was elevated to the status of "vila". In 1953 it became a municipality. In 1957 the district of
Colinas do Sul broke off to form its own municipality. Likewise, in 1988 the district ofTeresina de Goiás was dismembered.Kalunga
Nearby there is a community, called the
Kalunga , who are black descendants of the slaves who escaped into the interior to form communities called quilombos. These runaway slaves lived in isolation, building their own identity and their own culture, with African elements added to European elements, mainly the traditional Catholicism of the rural milieu, and intermingling with the indigenous population.Today the Kalunga (approximately 4,500 people) occupy a territory that takes in part of the municipalities of Cavalcante, Monte Alegre and Teresina de Goiás. In these territories there are four main population centers: the region of Contenda and Vão do Calunga, Vão de Almas, Vão do Moleque and the former Ribeirão dos Negros, later renamed Ribeirão dos Bois. [http://www.macamp.com.br/_Cidades/GO-Cavalc.htm]
Health and Education
*Hospital: 01 with 18 beds
*Infant mortality rate in 2000: 30.02
*Literacy rate in 2000: 61.7 (one of the lowest in the state)
*MHDI: 0.609
*State ranking: 241 (out of 242 municipalities)
*National ranking: 4,509 (out of 5,507 municipalities)External links
* [http://www.macamp.com.br/_Cidades/GO-Cavalc.htm Cavalcante (in Portuguese)]
* [http://www.brasiloeste.com.br/noticia/1007/kalunga Kalunga (in Portuguese)]References
* [http://www.ibge.gov.br/ IBGE]
* [http://www.seplan.go.gov.br/ Seplan]
* [http://www.frigoletto.com.br/GeoEcon/idhgo.htm Frigoletto]ee also
List of municipalities in Goiás
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