Total Communication

Total Communication (TC) is an approach to deaf education that aims to make use of a number of modes of communication such as signed, oral, auditory, written and visual aids, depending on the particular needs and abilities of the child.

History

Total Communication was originally developed by David Denton at the Maryland School for the Deaf in 1967, although the term “total communication” was first used by Roy Holcomb in California and was adopted by the Maryland school as the official name for their educational philosophy. TC was supposed to find a middle ground in age-old disputes between oralism and manualism, and as an alternative to Simultaneous Communication. In practice, however, most Total Communication programs use some form of Simultaneous Communication.

Total Communication educational programs have been established in the UK, France, U.S.A, China, Malaysia, Singapore, Australia, Scandinavian countries, the Netherlands, France, Germany and elsewhere. In the United States, TC was most popular during the 1970s and 1980s, when most schools and programs for children who are deaf, as well as most major organizations in the field supported the TC philosophy^[1]. Today, the debate seems to be between TC programs and bilingual-bicultural education.

References

• Lowenbraun, S., Appelman, K., & Callahan, J. (1980). Teaching the hearing impaired through total communication. Columbus, OH: Charles E. Merrill.
• Mayer, P. & Lowenbraun, S. (1990). Total communication use among elementary teachers of hearing-impaired children. American Annals of the Deaf, 135, 257-263.
• Moores, D.F. (1996). Educating the deaf. Boston, MA: Houghton Mifflin Co.
• Schlesinger, H. (1986). Total communication in perspective. In D.M. Luterman (Ed.), Deafness in Perspective (pp. 87–116). College-Hill Press: San Diego, CA.
• Scouten, E. (1984). Turning points in the education of deaf people. Danville, IL: The Interstate Printers and Publishers, Inc.

External links

• Total Communication - The ERIC Clearinghouse on Disabilities and Gifted Education, USA.
• Interview with David Denton, creator of TC

See also

• Bilingual-bicultural education

This article relating to deafness and the deaf is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.v · Categories: Deafness Deafness organizations Special education Education for the deaf Deafness stubs Wikimedia Foundation. 2010. Игры ⚽ Нужна курсовая? Jim Sims Hopper Read Look at other dictionaries: total communication — (sometimes caps.) 1. the theory or practice of incorporating all means of communication, including speech, speechreading, auditory training, sign language, and writing, in the education of deaf or hearing impaired children. 2. simultaneous… …   Universalium total communication — (sometimes caps.) 1. the theory or practice of incorporating all means of communication, including speech, speechreading, auditory training, sign language, and writing, in the education of deaf or hearing impaired children. 2. simultaneous… …   Useful english dictionary total communication — /ˌtoʊtl kəmjunəˈkeɪʃən/ (say .tohtl kuhmyoohnuh kayshuhn) noun communication involving a combination of speech, sign language and lip reading, as employed by the hearing impaired …   COMMUNICATION - Communication animale — Entre 1930 et 1960, les éthologistes objectivistes, sous l’influence prédominante de K. Lorenz et de N. Tinbergen identifiaient, pour chaque espèce, un répertoire de stimulations qui, agissant comme des signaux, déclenchaient des modifications… …   Encyclopédie Universelle Total Access Communication System — (TACS) and ETACS are mostly obsolete variants of AMPS which were used in some European countries (including the UK Ireland in 1983). TACS was also used in Japan under the name Japanese Total Access Communication (JTAC).… …   Wikipedia COMMUNICATION - Les processus de la communication — L’évolution qui a marqué les problèmes de la communication dans le monde contemporain s’inscrit dans la terminologie, elle même reflet de la conceptualisation. En français comme en anglais, tend à se constituer une opposition entre deux sens du… …   Encyclopédie Universelle Communication Break — Single by Aya Kamiki from the album Secret Code Released March 15, 2006 Format CD Recorded 2006 …   Wikipedia Communication (Hitomi Takahashi song) — Communication コミュニケイション Single by Hitomi Takahashi from the album Bamboo Collage Released July 12, 2006 …   Wikipedia Communication Foundation for Asia — Founded 1968 Founder(s) Fr Cornelio Lagerwey, MSC and Genaro Ong Headquarters Manila …   Wikipedia Communication Break — Single par Aya Kamiki extrait de l’album Secret Code Face A Communication Break Face B Happy Go Lucky Sortie 15 mars 2006 …   Wikipédia en Français 18+ © Academic, 2000-2024 Contact us: Technical Support, Advertising Dictionaries export, created on PHP, Joomla, Drupal, WordPress, MODx. Mark and share Search through all dictionaries Translate… Search Internet Share the article and excerpts Direct link … Do a right-click on the link above and select “Copy Link”