- Jean-Baptiste Riché
Infobox Officeholder
name =Jean-Baptiste Riché
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order =6th
office =President of Haiti
term_start =March 24 ,1846
term_end =February 28 ,1847
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predecessor =Philippe Guerrier
successor =Faustin I of Haiti
birth_date =1780
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death_date =February 28 ,1847
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footnotes =Jean-Baptiste Riché (
1780 -February 28 ,1847 ) was a career officer and general in the Haïtian Army. He was made President ofHaïti on March 1, 1846.Riché was born free, son of a prominent free black man of the same name in the North Province. His father was a sergeant in the colonial militia and probably served in the rebel forces. Riché himself joined the
Haïtian Revolution aries probably some time in 1801. After Haïti gained independence at the end of the revolution in 1803, Riche joined the forces ofHenri Christophe , who in 1807 promoted him to the rank of general and deputy commander of his army. During the civil war that followed betweenAlexandre Petion and Christophe, Riché was instrumental in Christophe's victory at theBattle of Siebert onJanuary 1 ,1807 . During the siege ofPort-au-Prince in 1811, Riche commanded the left wing of Christophe's army. A loyal officer, Riché quickly became one of Christophe's most trusted commanders, and as a consequence he was placed in command of Haïti's Northern Province, where he was effective in subduing themulatto population.After Christophe's downfall in 1820, Riché supported the new government and was therefore able to retain his post during the subsequent administration of
Jean-Pierre Boyer , and those that followed. This continued untilJean-Louis Pierrot who becamePresident of Haïti in 1845. Pierrot attempted to reform the Haïtian government, causing the Boyerist hierarchy of Haïti to sponsor a rebellion in the provinces of Port-au-Prince andArtibonite in 1846. The rebel army under mulatto control proclaimed Riché President of Haïti onMarch 1 ,1846 . After much of the Haïtian army sided with the rebels, President Pierrot relinquished his office onMarch 24 ,1846 . After gaining the Presidency of Haïti one of Riché's first acts was to restore theConstitution of 1816.As President, Riché was considered a failure by his Boyerist backers. Originally intended to be a figurehead, Riché quickly began to take an active role in the presidency. He soon proposed reforms similar to those espoused by former President Pierrot. Probably as a result of these proposals he died on February 28, 1847, possibly from being poisoned, although this has never been established. Riché's presidency, considered ineffective by historians, opened the way for considerable changes in the political landscape of Haïti during the succeeding administrations. As a result his presidency can be considered a turning point in the history of Haïtian politics.
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