Elbow (strike)

An elbow strike (commonly referred to as simply an "elbow") is a strike with the point of the elbow, the part of the forearm nearest to the elbow, or the part of the upper arm nearest to the elbow. Elbows can be thrown sideways similarly to a hook, upwards similarly to an uppercut, or downwards with the point of the elbow.

Elbowing is a disallowed practice in most combat sports. However, Muay Thai, Pradal Serey and several mixed martial arts organizations do allow elbowing, or allow elbowing in a specific manner. The mixed martial arts organizations disallowing it usually do so because elbowing the head increases the risk of lacerations in a fight. [Pettifer, Ross. [http://www.cagewarriors.com/mmaguide.asp What is MMA - Background] . "www.cagewarriors.com". URL last accessed January 31 2006.]

In Muay Thai, elbow strikes are most often used while in close range but are also employed while jumping toward the opponent [http://www.muaythaiclassic.com/montho-nang-tan.html (Montho Nang tan)] , similar to Muay Thai's flying knee. The hardness of the elbow allows for hitting with considerable force, and experienced fighters can easily knock out, cut, or injure their opponent with a well-placed strike. Elbows are generally most effective when used in combination with punches or kicks to allow the fighter to close the distance.

Elbows are also used in mixed martial arts as part of the ground-and-pound fighting tactic. Participants often use elbow strikes in conjunction with punches while in the full guard, half guard, side mount, or full mount in order to knock out or overwhelm the opponent.

In ice hockey, elbowing an opposing player is considered a two minute penalty for the offending player, leaving his team shorthanded.

Injuries from elbow strikes

An improper elbow strike, or an elbow strike without proper conditioning can partially paralyze the strikers hand. The ulnar nerve runs posterior to the elbow (posterior to medial epicondyle of the humerus and innervates the medial portion of the arm). For example, after an improper strike, or if the striker is not properly conditioned, the user may not be able to use the 4th and 5th digit temporarily.ref There may be a chance for permanent damage to the ulnar nerve with an elbow strike.ref

Conditioning to strike with the elbow

This can be done in several ways, the easiest way is to practice elbow strikes on something like a punching bag/Muay Thai pad/flash pad, after a few weeks of this regularly one will develop thicker, tougher skin on the elbow resulting in it being harder to cut or tear your skin while delivering elbow strikes. These activities will also make the surrounding tissue harder to bruise due to buildup of scar tissue in the striking point of the elbow from elbow strikes. One can also throw mild elbow strikes to hard objects to build bone mass through micro fractures.

References

Main reference

* Løvstad, Jakob. [http://www.idi.ntnu.no/~jakobsve/MMA%20primer.doc The Mixed Martial Arts Primer] . "www.idi.ntnu.no". URL last accessed January 31 2006. (DOC format)
* [http://www.muaythai-fighting.com/elbow-strikes.html Elbow Strikes] Muay Thai elbow strikes instructions, methods, and pictures at MuayThai-Fighting.com Website