- Sunno
Sunno was a leader (dux) of the
Franks in the late 4th century that invaded theRoman Empire in the year388 when the usurper and leader of the whole of RomanGaul ,Magnus Maximus was surrounded inAquileia byTheodosius I The invasion is documented by
Gregory of Tours who cited the now lost work ofSulpicius Alexander . According to this accountMarcomer , Sunno andGenobaud invaded the Roman provinces Germania and Belgia. They broke through thelimes , killed many peoples, destroyed the most fruitfull lands and made the cityKöln panic. After this raid the main body of the Franks moved back over the riverRhine with their booty. Some of the Franks remained in the Belgian woods. When the Roman generals of Magnus Maximus, Nanninus and Quintinus heard the news inTrier , they attacked those remaining Frankish forces and killed many of them. After this engagement Quintinus crossed theRhine to punish the Franks in their own country, however his army was surrounded and beaten. Some Roman soldiers drowned in the marshes, others were killed by Franks, few made it back to their Empire.Nanninus and Quintinus were replaced by Charietto and Syrus, who were again confronted by an attack of unindentifeid Franks.
Later after the fall of Magnus Maximus, Marcomer and Sunno held a short meeting about the recent attacks with the Frank
Arbogastes , who was a general (magister militum) in the Roman army. The Franks delivered hostages as usual and Arbogastes returned to his winter quarters in Trier.A couple of years later when Arbogastes had seized power and the West Roman army was nearly completely in the hands of Frankish mercenaries he crossed the Rhine with a Roman army into Germania, because he hated his own kin. Marcomer was seen with
Chatti andAmpsivarii but the two did not engage.Later we hear from the poet
Claudian that Marcomer was arrested by Romans and banned to a villa in Tuscany. His brother Sunno crossed the Rhine and tried to settle himself as leader of the band of Marcomer, however he was killed by his own people.According to the later
Liber Historiae Francorum Marcomer tried to unite the Franks after the death of Sunno. He proposed that the Franks should live under one king and candidated his own sonPharamond for the kingship. This source does not tell if Marcomer succeeded but from other sources it may seem that Pharamond was regarded as the first king of the Francs. However by modern scholars, like Edward James this account of the Liber Historiae Francorum is not accepted as historical because Marcomer is called the son of the Trojan kingPriam , and Sunno was called the son ofAntenor which is obviously impossible.ources
*
Gregory of Tours , Historiën, Book II - paragraph 9.
*Claudian , Loeb classical Library, On Stilicho's Consulship (translation Platnauer)
*Edward James, De Franken
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