Fritz Richmond

Fritz Richmond (1939-2005) was an American musician and recording engineer. Fritz Richmond was considered the foremost washtub bassist in the world, and was also the most successful professional jug player.

Richmond, born in Newton, Massachusetts on July 10, 1939, [cite web |url=http://www.toms-cabin.com/FritzMemorial/ |title=Fritz Richmond Memorial |last=Muldaur |first=Geoff |authorlink=Geoff Muldaur |date=2005-11-21 |publisher=toms-cabin.com] [cite news |first=Dan |last=Gewertz |title=Fritz Richmond, at 66, of Jim Kweskin Jug Band |url=http://news.bostonherald.com/obituaries/view.bg?articleid=113402 |format=obituary |work=Boston Herald |page=39 |date=2005-11-22] was a founding member of The Hoppers, a school-chum jug band that played the coffeehouse circuit in the Boston area. Jug music featured homemade or folk-style instruments such as the washboard (used for percussion), a large earthenware jug used as a wind instrument, and a single-string upright bass fashioned from a broomstick or similar handle, using a steel washtub as a resonator, with the player moving the handle in order to vary the tension on the string and thus vary the pitch of the note created by plucking. This type of music, in England, became known as skiffle music and was played by groups who could not afford electric instruments, such as the Quarrymen, a Liverpool skiffle group that evolved into The Beatles.

After a stint in the Army and then a gig with the Charles River Valley Boys,cite web |url=http://www.cookephoto.com/kweskin3.html |title=Fritz Richmond on washtub bass |work=John Byrne Cooke Photography] Richmond was a founding member and a longtime jug and washboard player in the extremely influential Jim Kweskin Jug Band in the 1960s. [cite web |url=http://www.chrisyeager.com/z/eric_VS/eric.html |title=A Few of the The World's Hippest Geezers |last=Yeager |first=Chris |work=The Six-String Tribe: Portraits of Singers, Songwriters and Poets from Boston and Beyond]

Following the breakup of the Kweskin band, Richmond moved to the West coast and became an in-demand accompanist as American rock began to embrace folk and country roots. During his life, Richmond was routinely given accolades such as “ [t] he world's best living jug player”, [cite news |first=Norm |last=Shaw |title=Legends Top Bill for 2nd Jug Band Tribute |url=http://www.bluespeak.com/feature/96/04/960428.html |publisher=BlueSpeak.com |year=1996 |month=April] “ [t] he undisputed king and reigning world champion of the jug and washtub bass”, [cite web |url=http://www.bostonfolkfestival.org/performers.html |title=Boston Folk Festival Performers 2004 |year=2004 |work=Boston Folk Festival web site |archiveurl=http://web.archive.org/web/20041012185407/www.bostonfolkfestival.org/performers.html |archivedate=2004-10-12] and “the world’s greatest living jug and washtub bass player”. [cite web |url=http://www.ci.berkeley.ca.us/communitycalendar/default.asp?status=detail&event_id='5640' |title=Community Calendar |work=City of Berkeley web site |month=December |year=2004] Richmond’s washtub and jug stylings provided old-time music flavor on recordings for a large network of artists that included Jackson Browne, Loudon Wainwright III, Maria Muldaur, Geoff Muldaur, Tom Rush, Ry Cooder, and The Grateful Dead.

Richmond also worked as a recording engineer for many artists, and his credits can be found, notably, on albums by Warren Zevon, Bonnie Raitt, and Jackson Browne.

Richmond also contributed a key counterculture fashion accessory. Roger McGuinn and John Sebastian credit Richmond with the introduction of "granny glasses" in the early 1960s. [cite journal |last=Engel |first=J. T. |year=2002 |month=April & May |title=Wasn't That A Time: The Story of Jug Band Music and Fritz Richmond |journal=Blues Notes |volume= |issue= |pages= |publisher= |url=http://www.cascadeblues.org/NWBlues/FritzRichmond/FritzRichmond.htm] A well-known photo by John Byrne Cooke shows Richmond wearing his homemade pair in 1963, long before John Lennon popularized the "British welfare glasses". Spectacles like Richmond’s -- consisting initially of "colored" non-prescription glass set into old wire-frames, thus shielding the often-stoned performer's eyes from public view -- then became common on the San Francisco rock scene where the Jim Kweskin Jug Band was paired in concert with bands such as The Doors and Big Brother and the Holding Company. Janis Joplin and Jerry Garcia, who also socialized with Richmond, were among those who adopted the colored-lens look.

Richmond also came up with the name for the band The Lovin’ Spoonful. [cite web |url=http://www.johnbsebastian.com/bio2.html |title=John Sebastian Biography (page 2) |work=John B. Sebastian web site |archiveurl=http://web.archive.org/web/20041214155344/www.johnbsebastian.com/bio2.html |archivedate=2004-12-14] [cite news |authorlink=Associated Press |author=Associated Press |title=Jug band great Fritz Richmond dies at 66 |url=http://www.allaboutjazz.com/php/news.php?id=8109 |work=All About Jazz |date=2005-11-23]

Richmond continued to perform through 2004. For approximately the last decade of his life he was a core member of John Sebastian’s J-Band, [cite web |url=http://www.johnbsebastian.com/bio3.html |title=John Sebastian Biography (page 3) |work=John B. Sebastian web site |archiveurl=http://web.archive.org/web/20041214155344/www.johnbsebastian.com/bio3.html |archivedate=2004-12-14] and a sometime member of The Fountain of Youth.

Music writer Jim Mitchell described Richmond as a “notorious luminary in the field of old-time American music. Nobody with even the slightest knowledge of jug band music and traditional string-band repertoire can overlook his contributions….which are indeed of historical significance.” One of Richmond’s washtub basses is in the permanent collection of the Smithsonian Institution. [cite news |authorlink=Associated Press |author=Associated Press |title=Fritz Richmond, 66, a Master of the Jug and Washtub Bass, Is Dead |url=http://www.nytimes.com/2005/11/24/arts/music/24richmond.html |work=New York Times |date=2005-11-24]

Richmond died in Portland, Oregon of lung cancer on November 20, 2005.

References

External links

* [http://www.wirz.de/music/kweskdsc.htm Illustrated Jim Kweskin & The Jug Band discography]
* [http://www.johnbsebastian.com/ John Sebastian's website] , which featured [http://web.archive.org/web/20050204035533/www.johnbsebastian.com/fritz.html columns by Fritz Richmond]
* [http://home.att.net/~plainfeather/html/oldmessages.htm Jim Mitchell's notes]