- Fastnacht
Fastnacht or Fasnacht is the pre-Lenten
carnival inAlemannic folklore inSwitzerland , southernGermany ,Alsace and westernAustria .It is also known in parts of
Pennsylvania Dutch Country asFauschnaut Day and is celebrated on the day before Ash Wednesday, or the last Tuesday beforeLent at 4:00am.Etymology
"Fastnacht" in Mainz also "Fassenacht", in Swiss German "Fasnacht", in Swabia "Fasnet", "Fasent" is often connected to "fasten" "to fast" by
popular etymology , allegedly from celebrations on the eve precedingfasting . Comparison of dialect variants however yields an OHG "*fasanaht", with an element "fasa-" of unclear meaning. A likely derivation is fromPIE "PIE|pwo-" "purify" (cognate to "pava-mana"), or alternatively connected withMiddle High German "vaselen" "prosper, bud" and interpreted as afertility rite ."
Fasching " (MHG "vaschanc" or "vaschang") is related, probably originally with a second element "-gang" instead of "-nacht".Overview
The
Swabia n-Alemannic carnival begins onJanuary 6 (Epiphany/Three Kings Day ). This celebration is known as "Fastnacht" (literally "Fasting Eve" as it originally referred to the eve of the fasting season). Variants are "Fasnet", "Fasnacht" or "Fasent". Fastnacht is held inBaden-Württemberg , parts ofBavaria , andAlsace .Switzerland andVorarlberg , inAustria , also hold this celebration. The festival starts on the Thursday before Ash Wednesday, known in these regions as "Schmotziger Donnerstag" or "Fettdonnerstag". InStandard German , "schmutzig" means "dirty", but in the Alemannic dialects "schmotzig" means "fat"; "Greasy Thursday", as remaining winter stores of lard and butter used to be consumed at that time, before the fasting began. Elsewhere the day is called "Women's Carnival" ("Weiberfastnacht"), being the day when tradition says that women take control. In particular regions of Tyrol, Salzburg and Bavaria traditional processions of the Perchten welcome the springtime. The "Schönperchten" (beautiful Perchts) represent the birth of new life in the awakening nature, the "Schiachperchten" ("ugly Perchts") represent the dark spirits of wintertime. Farmers yearn for warmer weather and the "Perchtenlauf" (Run of Perchts; [http://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bild:2%2852%29.jpgtypical scenery] ) is a magical expression of that desire. The nights between winter and spring, when evil ghosts are supposed to go around, are also called "Rauhnächte" (rough nights). [http://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bild:Perchtenmaske.jpgMask of an "ugly Percht"]witzerland
*
Basel (Basler Fasnacht):Morgestraich ,Schnitzelbangg
*Liestal (Chienbäse )
*Lucerne External links
* [http://fasnacht.ch/ Basler Fasnacht] The official site of Fasnacht in Basel
* [http://www.konstanzerfasnacht.de/ Konstanzer Fasnacht] Pictures of the Swabian-Alemannic Carnival in and nearby Constance
* [http://www.badische-seiten.de/impressionen/index.php?action=showgallery&pfad=Fasnet Typical pictures of the Alemannic folklore Fasnacht]ee also
*
Rottweil
*Ubersitz
*Trycheln
*Wild Hunt
*Mardi Gras in Mobile - American festival ending with Shrove Tuesday.
*Paganism in the Eastern Alps
*Erisdorf
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