Kingdom of Fez

Infobox Former Country
conventional_long_name = Kingdom of Fez
native_name = مملكة فاس
continent=Africa
region = North Africa
country = Morocco and Spain
year_start = 1472
year_end = 1554


p1=Fes, Morocco|Fes
s1=Spanish Morocco
s2=Portugal
s3=Saadi dynasty
flag_s1 = Flag of New Spain.svg
flag_s2 = PortugueseFlag1485.svg
common_languages = Classical Arabic (predominant), Berber, Hebrew, Ladino, African Romance, Andalusi
religion = Sunni Islam (predominant), Roman Catholic, Judaism, Sufism
capital = Fes,
government_type = Monarchy
title_leader = King
leader1 = Abu Abd Allah al-Sheikh Muhammad ibn Yahya
year_leader1 = 1472-1509
leader2 = Abu al-Hasan Abu Hasun Ali ibn Muhammad
year_leader2 = 1554
currency = DinarThe Kingdom of Fez was a state of North Africa. It bordered the Mediterranean Sea to its north, Spain (Melilla) to the northeast, Abdalwadid to the east, Saadi dynasty by Oum Er-Rbia River to the south, Atlantic ocean to the west, and Portugal to the northwest.

It was formed when Abu Abd Allah al-Sheikh Muhammad ibn Yahya conquered the city of Fes from King Shorfa in 1472.

History

*According to the Treaty of Alcáçovas (1479) Spain recognized the kingdom as being in the Portuguese sphere of influence

1483-1484 the first Andalusian to Tetuan by the Granada mayor Sidi Al Mandari. They build Tetuan

*1485 Treaty with Spain. Fez agrees not to not help the Kingdom of Granada, and Spain does not capture Fez ships in the Alboran Sea.

*1487 Treaty with Spain. Fez agreed to not send aid to the Kingdom of Granada, while Spain agreed to not attack Fez ships in the Alboran Sea. This year the people of Azemmour recognized that they are part of Portugal.

*1488 Portuguese conquer Safi

*1491 Abū `Abd Allāh Muhammed XIII (El Zagal) went to Fez, but was captured and blinded.

*1492 Arrival of Muslims from Spain (one of them was Leo Africanus) and about 5.000 Jews of Spain

*1493 Boabdil of Granada, the last king of Granada, arrived with his mother Aixa. Aixa died after their arrival.

*1494 According to Treaty of Tordesillas, Spain recognized the kingdom as being within the Portuguese sphere of influence.

*1497 Spain captures the abandoned city of Melilla, on the border with Abdalwadid

*1502 Portugal captures El Jadida.

*1505 Portugal captures Agadir.

*1506 Portugal captures Souira Guedima, and the Duke of Medina Sidonia captures Cazaza

*1509 Capitulation of Sintra. Spain and Portugal recognized those spheres of influence.

*1511 Saadians capture Rabat

*1522 Earthquake in Fes

*1524 Saadians capture Marrakesh

*1527 Battle of Vado de Bacuna bethween Fez and the Saadians. Boadbil is killed.

*1542 Hasan Hâsim o Hášim captures Tetuan

*1548 the last king was captured by the Saadians.

*1550 Saadians conquer Fez.

*1554 Ottoman Empire helps the last king to recover the throne.

Rulers

Wattasid dynasty:
*1472-1504 : Abu Abd Allah al-Sheikh Muhammad ibn Yahya
*1504-1526 : Abu Abd Allah al-Burtuqali Muhammad ibn Muhammad
*1526-1526 : Abu al-Hasan Abu Hasan Ali ibn Muhammad
*1526-1545 : Abu al-Abbas Ahmad ibn Muhammad
*1545-1547 : Nasir ad-Din al-Qasri Muhammad ibn Ahmad
*1547-1549 : Abu al-Abbas Ahmad ibn Muhammad
*1554-1554 : Abu al-Hasan Abu Hasun Ali ibn Muhammad

Vizir

*1527-1539 Mawlây Ibrâhim (his sister was mayor of Tetuan).

Sayyida al-Hurra, major of Tetuan (1512-1542)

Culture

Later was a province of Saadian dynasty, and later Morrocan.

Alaouite dynasty was iman of Talifalt

Was a catholic diocesis in Fes

Two kind of Jews: magredian and sefardi

Ahmad Zarruq (1442-1493) was a Shadhili Sufi Sheikh and founder of the Zarruqiyye branch of the Shadhili Sufi order (Tariqa).

Mohammédia traditional point of contact between European traders.

External links

* [http://www.euratlas.net/cartogra/maroc/Maroc_A1.htm Map showing the Kingdom of Fez ca. 1500]

References and notes