Rhatany

Rhatany

Taxobox
name = Rhatany


image_width = 240px
image_caption = "K. lappacea"
regnum = Plantae
divisio = Magnoliophyta
classis = Magnoliopsida
ordo = Zygophyllales
familia = Krameriaceae
genus = "Krameria"
genus_authority = L.
subdivision_ranks = Species
subdivision = 17-18 - see text

Rhatany or ratany is the common name for any of about 17 species in genus "Krameria", the sole genus in the plant family Krameriaceae. Rhatany is also the name given to krameria root, a botanical remedy consisting of the dried root of three species of "Krameria", para rhatany ("Krameria lappacea" or "Krameria argentea") and Peruvian rhatany ("Krameria triandra").

The biological action of rhatany is caused by the astringent rhataniatannic acid, which is similar to tannic acid. Infusions have been used as a gargle, a lozenge, especially when mixed with cocaine, as a local hemostatic and remedy for diarrhea.

"Krameria" are found across the Americas, with most native to the tropical regions. They are perennial shrubs which act as root parasites on other plants. The flowers have glands called elaiophores which produce a lipid which is collected by bees of the genus "Centris" as they pollinate the flowers.

Genus "Krameria" includes:
*"Krameria argentea" - para rhatany
*"Krameria cystisoides"
*"Krameria erecta" - Pima rhatany, purple heather, littleleaf rhatany
*"Krameria grayi" - white rhatany
*"Krameria ixine" - abrojo colorado
*"Krameria lappacea" - para rhatany
*"Krameria lanceolata" - trailing krameria
*"Krameria ramosissima" - manystem rhatany
*"Krameria triandra" - Peruvian rhatany

External links

* [http://ucjeps.berkeley.edu/cgi-bin/get_JM_treatment.pl?4741,4742 Jepson Manual Treatment]
* [http://plants.usda.gov/java/profile?symbol=KRAME USDA Plants Profile]
* [http://www.ars-grin.gov/cgi-bin/npgs/html/splist.pl?6392 GRIN Species List]

References

*Simpson, B. B. (1982). "Krameria" (Krameriaceae) flowers: Orientation and elaiophore morphology. "Taxon" 31:3 517-528


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Look at other dictionaries:

  • Rhatany — Rhat a*ny, Rhatanhy Rhat an*hy, n. [Sp. ratania, rata[ n]a, Peruv. rata[ n]a.] The powerfully astringent root of a half shrubby Peruvian plant ({Krameria triandra}). It is used in medicine and to color port wine. [Written also {ratany}.] [1913… …   The Collaborative International Dictionary of English

  • rhatany — [rat′ n ē] n. pl. rhatanies [Sp ratania, rataña < Quechua ratánia, astringent] 1. the strongly astringent root of any of several South American dicotyledonous plants (genus Krameria, family Krameriaceae, order Polygalales) 2. any of these… …   English World dictionary

  • rhatany — /rat n ee/, n., pl. rhatanies. 1. either of two South American shrubs belonging to the genus Krameria, of the legume family, K. tiandra (knotty rhatany or Peruvian rhatany) or K. argentea (Brazilian rhatany or Pará rhatany). 2. the root of either …   Universalium

  • rhatany — baltoji ratanija statusas T sritis vardynas apibrėžtis Ratanijinių šeimos vaistinis augalas (Krameria argentea), paplitęs Pietų Amerikoje. atitikmenys: lot. Krameria argentea angl. Brazilian krameria; Brazilian rhatany; brown rhatany; rhatany… …   Lithuanian dictionary (lietuvių žodynas)

  • rhatany — kibioji ratanija statusas T sritis vardynas apibrėžtis Ratanijinių šeimos vaistinis augalas (Krameria lappacea), paplitęs Pietų Amerikoje. atitikmenys: lot. Krameria lappacea angl. rhatany; rhatany root vok. Ratanhia isp. mapato šaltinis… …   Lithuanian dictionary (lietuvių žodynas)

  • rhatany — rætnɪ n. either of two South American shrubs from the genus Krameria; dried root derived from the rhatany shrub (used as an astringent and coloring agent in wine) …   English contemporary dictionary

  • rhatany-root — kibioji ratanija statusas T sritis vardynas apibrėžtis Ratanijinių šeimos vaistinis augalas (Krameria lappacea), paplitęs Pietų Amerikoje. atitikmenys: lot. Krameria lappacea angl. rhatany; rhatany root vok. Ratanhia isp. mapato šaltinis… …   Lithuanian dictionary (lietuvių žodynas)

  • rhatany — rhat·a·ny rat ən ē n, pl nies KRAMERIA (2) …   Medical dictionary

  • rhatany — [ ratəni] noun a South American shrub whose roots yield an astringent extract used in medicine. [Genus Krameria.] Origin C19: from mod. L. rhatania, via Port. and Sp. from Quechua ratánya …   English new terms dictionary

  • rhatany — rhat·a·ny …   English syllables

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