Phosphorolysis

Phosphorolysis

Phosphorolysis is the cleavage of a compound in which inorganic phosphate is the attacking group. It is analogous to hydrolysis.

An example of this is glycogen breakdown by glycogen phosphorylase, which catalyzes attack by inorganic phosphate on the terminal glycosyl residue at the nonreducing end of a glycogen molecule. The result is Glucose 1-phosphate and Glycogen (or starch) (n-1) glucose units.

In addition, sometimes phosphorolysis is preferable to hydrolysis (like in the breakdown of glycogen or starch, as in the example above) because glucose 1-phosphate yields more ATP than does free glucose when subsequently catabolized to pyruvate.

Another example of phosphorolysis is seen in the conversion of Glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate to 1,3-bisphosphoglycerate in glycolysis. The mechanism involves phosphorolysis.


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  • phosphorolysis — fosforolizė statusas T sritis chemija apibrėžtis Junginių skaidymas fosfato rūgštimi arba fermentinis junginių skaidymas dalyvaujant fosfatams. atitikmenys: angl. phosphorolysis rus. фосфоролиз …   Chemijos terminų aiškinamasis žodynas

  • phosphorolysis — noun Etymology: New Latin Date: 1937 a reversible reaction analogous to hydrolysis in which phosphoric acid functions in a manner similar to that of water with the formation of a phosphate (as glucose 1 phosphate in the breakdown of liver… …   New Collegiate Dictionary

  • phosphorolysis — noun any reaction, akin to hydrolysis, in which a bond is broken by the action of phosphoric acid or phosphate …   Wiktionary

  • phosphorolysis — A reaction analogous to hydrolysis except that the elements of phosphoric acid, rather than of water, are added in the course of splitting a bond; e.g., the formation of glucose 1 phosphate from glycogen. SYN: phosphoroclastic cleavage. * * *… …   Medical dictionary

  • phosphorolysis — phos·pho·rol·y·sis …   English syllables

  • phosphorolysis — The cleavage of a bond by orthophosphate; analogous to hydrolysis referring to cleavage by water …   Glossary of Biotechnology

  • phosphorolysis — …   Useful english dictionary

  • cleavage — 1. Series of mitotic cell divisions occurring in the ovum immediately following its fertilization. SYN: segmentation (2). SEE ALSO: c. division. 2. Splitting of a complex molecule into two or more simpler molecules. SYN: scission (2). 3 …   Medical dictionary

  • phosphorylase — A phosphorylated enzyme cleaving poly(1,4 α d glucosyl)n with orthophosphate to form poly(1,4 α d glucosyl)n−1 and α d glucose 1 phosphate. SYN: α glucan p., glycogen p., P enzyme, p. a, polyphosphorylase. p. a SYN: p.. p. b dephosphorylated p. a …   Medical dictionary

  • polyribonucleotide nucleotidyltransferase — An enzyme catalyzing phosphorolysis of polyribonucleotides or of RNA, yielding nucleoside diphosphates (or the reverse, the first artificial polynucleotide formation discovered). SYN: polynucleotide phosphorylase. * * * poly·ri·bo·nu·cleo·tide… …   Medical dictionary

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