Annona muricata

taxobox

---

image_caption = Soursop fruit on its tree
regnum = Plantae
unranked_divisio = Angiosperms
unranked_classis = Magnoliids
ordo = Magnoliales
familia = Annonaceae
genus = "Annona"
species = "A. muricata"
binomial = "Annona muricata"
binomial_authority = L.
synonyms = "Annona macrocarpa" Wercklé "Annona crassiflora" Mart.cite web
url = http://www.ars-grin.gov/cgi-bin/npgs/html/taxon.pl?3492
title = Taxon: "Annona muricata" L.
accessdate = 2008-04-18
author = Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN)
authorlink = Germplasm Resources Information Network
date = 1997-07-11
format = HTML
work = Taxonomy for Plants
publisher = USDA, ARS, National Genetic Resources Program, National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland ] "Guanabanus muricatus" M.Gómez "Guanabanus muricatus" (L.) M.Gómezcite web
url = http://www.ipni.org/ipni/idPlantNameSearch.do?id=14308-2&show_history=false&output_format=normal
title = Plant Name Details Annonaceae "Annona muricata" L.
accessdate = 2008-04-18
author = International Organization for Plant Information (IOPI)
authorlink = IPNI
format = HTML
work = International Plant Names Index ] "Annona bonplandiana" Kunth "Annona cearensis" Barb. Rodr. "Annona muricata" Vell.cite web
url = http://www.tropicos.org/Name/1600001
title = "Annona muricata" L.
accessdate = 2008-04-18
author = W3TROPICOS
authorlink = Missouri Botanical Garden
format = HTML
publisher = Missouri Botanical Garden Press] |

"Annona muricata" is a member of the family of Custard apple trees called Annonaceae and a species of the genus "Annona" known mostly for its edible fruits Anona. "Annona muricata" produces fruits that are usually called Soursop due to its slightly acidic taste when ripe. "A. muricata" trees grew natively in the Caribbean and Central America but are now widely cultivated and in some areas, escaping and living on their own in tropical climates throughout the world.

Common names

* _en. Brazilian pawpaw, soursop, prickly custard apple, Soursapi
* _es. guanábana, guanábano, anona, catche, catoche, catuche, zapote agrio
* _ch. laguaná, laguana, laguanaha, syasyap
* _de. Sauersack, Stachelannone, anona, flashendaum, stachel anone, stachliger
* _fj. sarifa, seremaia
* _fr. anone muriquee, cachiman épineux, corossol épineux,anone, cachiman épineux, caichemantier, coeur de boeuf, corossol, corossolier, epineux
* _id. sirsak
* _mi. kātara‘apa, kātara‘apa papa‘ā, naponapo taratara
* _nl. zuurzak
* _pt. graviola, araticum-grande, araticum-manso, coração-de-rainha, jaca-de-pobre, jaca-do-Pará, anona, curassol, graviola, pinha azeda
* _sm. sanalapa, sasalapa, sasalapa
* _ty. tapotapo papa‘a, tapotapo urupe
* _zh. 刺果番荔枝cite web
url = http://www.bioversityinternational.org/Information_Sources/Species_Databases/New_World_Fruits_Database/qryall3.asp?intIDSpecies=97
title = Result set for: Annonaceae "Annona muricata"
accessdate = 2008-04-18
author = Bioversity International
authorlink = Bioversity International
format = HTML
work = New World Fruits Database ] cite web
url = http://www.hear.org/pier/species/annona_muricata.htm
title = Result set for: Annonaceae "Annona muricata"
accessdate = 2008-04-18
author = Pacific Island Ecosystems at Risk (PIER)
authorlink = Hawaiian Ecosystems at Risk project
date = 2008-01-05
format = HTML
work = PIER species lists
publisher = United States Geological Survey & United States Forest Service
format = HTML
quote = [http://www.hear.org/pier/references/pierref000002.htm Stone, Benjamin C. 1970. The flora of Guam. Micronesica 6:1-659] ] cite web
url = http://www.efloras.org/florataxon.aspx?flora_id=3&taxon_id=200008507
title = "Annona muricata" Linn.
accessdate = 2008-04-18
author = efloras.org
authorlink =
format = HTML
work = Chinese Plant Names ] cite web
url = http://www.plantnames.unimelb.edu.au/Sorting/Annona.html#muricata
title = "Annona muricata" L.
accessdate = 2008-04-18
last = Porcher
first = Michel H. et al.
authorlink = University of Melbourne
format = HTML
work = Sorting Annona Names. Multilingual Multiscript Plant Name Database - A Work in Progress
publisher = Institute of Land & Food Resources, University of Melbourne ]

Description

"Annona muricata" is a small, upright, evergreen that can grow to about convert|4|m|ft|lk=on tall and cannot stand frost.cite web
url = http://florawww.eeb.uconn.edu/199900586.html
title = "Annona muricata" L.
accessdate = 2008-04-18
author = EEB Greenhouse Staff, University of Connecticut
authorlink = University of Connecticut
date = 2008-04-10
format = HTML
work = Ecology & Evolutionary Biology Greenhouses
publisher = Ecology & Evolutionary Biology Greenhouses
quote = [http://www.crfg.org/descr/descr_main_a12.html crfg] ] cite journal
url = http://www.efloras.org/florataxon.aspx?flora_id=3&taxon_id=200008507
title = "Annona muricata" L.,
accessdate = 2008-04-18
author = Flora of North America
authorlink = Flora of North America
format = HTML
journal =Flora of Pakistan
volume =20] ;Stems and leaves: The young branches hairy.

:Leaves are oblong to oval, convert|8|cm|in|lk=on to convert|16|cm|in long and convert|3|cm|in to convert|7|cm|in wide. Glossy dark green with no hairs above, paler and minutely hairy to no hairs below.

:The leaf stalks are convert|4|mm|in|lk=on to convert|13|mm|in} long and without hairs.;Flowers: Flower stalks (peduncles) are convert|2|mm|in to convert|5|mm|in long and woody. They appear opposite from the leaves or as an extra from near the leaf stalk, each with one or two flowers, occasionally a third.

:Stalks for the individual flowers (pedicels) are stout and woody, minutely hairy to hairless and convert|15|mm|in to convert|20|mm|in with small bractlets nearer to the base which are densely hairy.

:Petals are thick and yellowish. Outer petals meet at the edges without overlapping and are broadly ovate, convert|2.8|cm|in to convert|3.3|cm|in by convert|2.1|cm|in to convert|2.5|cm|in, tapering to a point with a heart shaped base. Evenly thick, covered with long, slender, soft hairs externally and matted finely with soft hairs within. Inner petals are oval shaped and overlap. convert|2.5|cm|in to convert|2.8|cm|in by convert|2|cm|in. Sharply angled and tapering at the base. Margins are comparatively thin, with fine matted soft hairs on both sides. The receptacle is conical and hairy. Stamens convert|4.5|mm|in long and narrowly wedge-shaped. The connective-tip terminate abruptly and anther hollows are unequal. Sepals are quite thick and do not overlap. Carpels are linear and basally growing from one base. The ovaries are covered with dense reddish brown hairs, 1-ovuled, style short and stigma truncate.

;Fruits and reproduction: Dark green, prickly (or bristled) fruits are egg-shaped and can be up to convert|30|cm|in long, with a moderately firm texture. Flesh is juicy, acid, whitish and aromatic.

:Abundant seeds the average weight of 1000 fresh seeds is convert|470|g|oz|lk=on and had an average oil content of 24%.cite web
url = http://data.kew.org/sid/SidServlet?Source=epic&ID=9304&Num=fzM
title = Seed Information Database Search Results
accessdate = 2008-04-18
author = Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew
authorlink = Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew
format = HTML
date = 1984, 1994
work = Seed Information Database
publisher = Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew ] When dried for 3 days in convert|60|°C|°F|lk=on the average seed weight was convert|322|g|oz and were tolerant of the moisture extraction; showing no problems for long-term storage under reasonable conditions.cite web
url = http://data.kew.org/sid/SidServlet?Source=epic&ID=6507&Num=LMa
title = Seed Information Database Search Results
accessdate = 2008-04-18
author = Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew
authorlink = Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew
format = HTML
date = 2005
work = Seed Information Database
publisher = Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew ]

Distribution

"Annona muricata" is tolerant of poor soil and prefers lowland areas between the altitudes of convert|0|m|ft|lk=on to convert|1200|m|ft.

;Native:Neotropic: ::Caribbean: Cuba, Jamaica::Central America: Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Mexico, Nicaragua, Panama::South America: Bolivia, Colombia, Venezuela, Ecuador

ubspecies which are synonyms

*"Annona muricata" var. "borinquensis"

References

External links

*commonscat-inline
*wikispecies-inline
*ITIS|ID=18098|taxon="Annona muricata" L.|year=2008|date=18 March
*cite web
url = http://apps.kew.org/efloras/namedetail.do?flora=fz&taxon=286&nameid=961
title = Annonaceae by N. K. B. Robson
accessdate = 2008-04-18
last = Robson
first = N. K. B.
date = 1960
volume = 1
format = HTML
work = Flora Zambesiaca
publisher = Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew
*cite web
url = http://www.ubcbotanicalgarden.org/potd/2007/04/annona_muricata.php
title = "Annona muricata"
accessdate = 2008-04-18
author = UBC Botanical Garden and Centre for Plant Research
authorlink = UBC Botanical Garden and Centre for Plant Research
date = 2007-04-13
format = HTML
work = Botany Photo of the Day
publisher = University of British Columbia