Wallace M. Greene

Infobox Military Person
name= Wallace Martin Greene, Jr.
born= birth date|1907|12|27
died= death date and age|2003|3|8|1907|12|27
placeofbirth=Waterbury, Vermont
placeofdeath=Alexandria, Virginia
placeofburial= Arlington National Cemetery


caption=23rd Commandant of the Marine Corps (1964-1967)
nickname=
allegiance= United States of America
branch=United States Marine Corps
serviceyears=1930-1967
rank= General
commands=1st Chemical Company, 1st Marine Brigade Recruit Training Command, Parris Island MCRD Parris Island Marine Corps Base Camp Lejeune Commandant of the Marine Corps
unit=HQMC
battles=World War II *Marshall Islands *Battle of Saipan *Battle of Tinian
awards= Distinguished Service Medal (2) Legion of Merit (2)
laterwork=

General Wallace Martin Greene, Jr. (December 27, 1907–March 8, 2003) was the 23rd Commandant of the Marine Corps from January 1, 1964 to December 31, 1967, when he retired from active service. Greene's decorated Marine career spanned 37 years.

Greene served in China in the 1930s, in the South Pacific in World War II, and was Commandant during the military buildup in Southeast Asia and when the first US troops entered South Vietnam. During General Greene's tenure, the Marine Corps grew from 178,000 active-duty personnel to nearly 300,000.

Biography

Wallace Martin Greene, Jr. was born on December 27, 1907 in Waterbury, Vermont. In 1925, he graduated from high school in Burlington, Vermont, then attended the University of Vermont for a year before entering the U.S. Naval Academy in Annapolis, Maryland. Upon graduation from the Naval Academy on June 5, 1930, he was commissioned a Marine Corps second lieutenant and ordered to Marine Officers’ Basic School at the Philadelphia Navy Yard.

After completing Basic School in June 1931, 2dLt Greene served for a year at the Marine Barracks, Portsmouth Naval Shipyard, Kittery, Maine. During July 1932, he completed the Sea School at San Diego, California, and joined the Marine Detachment aboard the USS "Tennessee". Returning from sea duty in March 1934, he served briefly at Pensacola, Florida, and Quantico, Virginia, before reporting to the Marine Barracks, Naval Air Station Lakehurst, New Jersey, that November. He was promoted to first lieutenant the same month.

Except for a temporary assignment at Edgewood Arsenal, Maryland, where he completed a course in the Chemical Warfare School, he remained stationed at Lakehurst until March 1936. After that, he served at the Marine Corps Recruit Depot, San Diego, until he sailed for Guam in October 1936. He was stationed there until June 1937, when he embarked for Shanghai, China, to join the 4th Marine Regiment. During September 1937, the 4th Marines became a part of the 2nd Marine Brigade and he was promoted to captain.

Along with his unit, Capt Greene was commended for performance of duty while attached to the defense forces of the International Settlement during the Second Sino-Japanese WarSino-Japanese hostilities of 1937 and 1938. Upon his return from China in August 1939, he entered the Junior Course, Marine Corps Schools, Quantico. He completed the course in May 1940, then took command of the 1st Chemical Company, 1st Marine Brigade, sailing with it that October for Guantanamo Bay, Cuba. While there, the brigade was redesignated the 1st Marine Division.

Returning with his unit in April 1941, Capt Greene served at Quantico and New River (later Camp Lejeune), North Carolina, as Assistant Operations Officer, 1st Marine Division. In November 1941, he was ordered to London, England, as a Special Naval Observer. During that assignment, he attended the British Amphibious Warfare School in Inverary, Scotland, and the Royal Engineer Demolitions School in Ripon, York, England. He was promoted to major in January 1942 and returned to the United States the following month.

Named Assistant Chief of Staff, G-3, 3rd Marine Brigade, in March 1942, Maj Greene sailed with the brigade for Upolu, Western Samoa, the following month. He was promoted to lieutenant colonel in August 1942 and remained on Samoa until November 1943 when he joined the V Amphibious Corps in Hawaii.

For outstanding service as Assistant Chief of Staff, G-3, Tactical Group One, during the planning and execution of the Marshall Islands invasion, LtCol Greene was awarded his first Legion of Merit with Combat “V”. Following the disbanding of the group in March 1944, he joined the 2nd Marine Division as G-3, earning a second Legion of Merit for outstanding service in this capacity prior to and during combat on Saipan and Tinian. He remained with the 2nd Division until his return to the United States in September 1944.

In October 1944, LtCol Greene was appointed Officer in Charge, G-3, Operations, Division of Plans and Policies, Headquarters Marine Corps (HQMC). He held that post until July 1945, then served as Executive Officer, Special Services Branch, Personnel Department. In April 1946, he was ordered to Little Creek, Virginia, as G-3, Troop Training Unit, Amphibious Training Command, U.S. Atlantic Fleet. While there, he was promoted to colonel in February 1948, with rank from August 1947.

Detached from Little Creek in June 1948, Col Greene reported to Pearl Harbor that August as G-3, Fleet Marine Force (FMF), Pacific. He returned from that assignment in June 1950 and for the next two years was Chief of the Combined Arms Section, Marine Corps Schools, Quantico. He also served briefly as Chief of the Coordination and Evaluation Section there, before entering the National War College, Washington, in August 1952. He graduated in June 1953 and the following month became Staff Special Assistant to the Joint Chiefs of Staff for National Security Council Affairs. Prior to his departure from Washington, he was promoted to brigadier general on September 1, 1955.

Later that September, BGen Greene assumed duty as Assistant Commander, 2nd Marine Division, Camp Lejeune. In May 1956, he was transferred to the Marine Corps Recruit Depot Parris Island, South Carolina, where he served as Commanding General, Recruit Training Command, until March 1957, when he became Commanding General of the Recruit Depot. That July he became Commanding General of the Marine Corps Base, Camp Lejeune.

In January 1958, BGen Greene reported to HQMC as Assistant Chief of Staff, G-3. While serving in this capacity, he was promoted to major general in August 1958. Following this assignment, he served from March through December 1959 as Deputy Chief of Staff (Plans). On January 1, 1960, he was designated as Chief of Staff, with the rank of lieutenant general.

Lieutenant General Greene was nominated by President John F. Kennedy on September 24, 1963 to become the 23rd Commandant of the Marine Corps for a four-year term. Upon assuming his post as Commandant on January 1, 1964, he was promoted to four-star rank. During his tenure, there was a proliferation of troops in Southeast Asia. In 1964, there were fewer than a thousand Marines in Vietnam but by 1968, the III Marine Amphibious Force in Vietnam numbered more than 100,000 Marines and sailors.

Decorations and awards

In addition to the Distinguished Service Medal with one Gold Star in lieu of a second award, the general’s medals and decorations include: the Legion of Merit with Combat “V” and Gold Star in lieu of a second award, the Navy Unit Commendation, the China Service Medal, the American Defense Service Medal with base clasp, the European-African-Middle Eastern Campaign Medal, the Asiatic-Pacific Campaign Medal with three bronze stars, the American Campaign Medal, the World War II Victory Medal, and the National Defense Service Medal with one bronze star.

He also has been awarded the Order of the Cloud and Banner, Grand Cordon, by the Republic of China; The Order of Service Merit, First Class, by the Republic of Korea; the Brazilian Order of Naval Merit, Grand Official, from Brazil; and the National Order of Vietnam, 3d Class, from the Republic of Vietnam.

Retirement

General Greene retired on December 31, 1967.

General Greene died on March 8, 2003 in Alexandria, Virginia at age 95. He was buried with full military honors in Arlington National Cemetery.

Personal

Greene was married to the former Vaughn H. Emory (d. 2001) in 1931. They had two children, a son, retired Marine Lieutenant Colonel Wallace M. Greene III and a daughter, Vaughn.

Education

*University of Vermont, 1925.
*U.S. Naval Academy, Annapolis, Maryland, graduated June 5, 1930.
*Marine Officers Basic School, Philadelphia Navy Yard, June 1931.
*Sea School, USN, San Diego, California, 1932.
*Chemical Warfare School, Edgewood Arsenal, Maryland.
*Junior Course, Marine Corps Schools, Quantico, Virginia, 1939-1940.
*British Amphibious Warfare School, Inverary, Scotland, 1941.
*Royal Engineer Demolitions School, Ripon, York, England, 1941.
*National War College, Washington, D.C., August 1952-June 1953.

Marine Corps career chronology

*Commissioned Second Lieutenant, June 1930.
*Marine Barracks, Portsmouth Navy Yard, Kittery, Maine, 1931-1932.
*USS Tennessee, 1932-1934.
*Marine Barracks, Naval Air Station Lakehurst, New Jersey, 1934-1936.
*Promoted to First Lieutenant, November 1934.
*Marine Corps Recruit Depot San Diego (MCRD), California, 1936.
*Guam, 1936-1937.
*4th Marine Regiment/2nd Marine Brigade, Shanghai, China, 1937-1939.
*Promoted to Captain, September 1937.
*1st Chemical Company, 1st Marine Brigade - took command, May 1940.
*1st Marine Division (1st Marine Brigade redesignated in October 1940), Guantanamo Bay, Cuba, 1940-1941.
*Assistant Operations Officer, 1st Marine Division, Quantico and New River (later Camp Lejeune), 1941.
*Special Naval Observer, London, England, 1941.
*Promoted to Major, January 1942.
*Assistant Chief of Staff, G-3, 3rd Marine Division, 1942-1943.
*Promoted to Lieutenant Colonel, August 1942.
*V Amphibious Corps, Hawaii, 1943.
*Awarded Legion of Merit with Combat "V" for outstanding service as Assistant Chief of Staff, G-3 Tactical Group One in planning and execution of Marshall Islands invasion, 1943.
*2nd Marine Division, G-3., 1944.
*Awarded 2nd Legion of Merit for outstanding service as G-3, 2nd Marine Division prior to and during combat on Saipan and Tinian, 1944.
*Officer in Charge, G-3, Operations, Division of Plans and Policies, Headquarters Marine Corps, October 1944-July 1945.
*Executive Officer, Special Services Branch, Personnel Department, July 1945-April 1946.
*G-3, Troop Training Unit, Amphibious Training Command, U.S. Atlantic Fleet, Little Creek, Virginia, April 1946.
*Promoted to Colonel, February 1948, with rank from August 1947.
*G-3, Fleet Marine Force, Pacific, Pearl Harbor, Hawaii, August 1948-June 1950.
*Chief of the Combined Arms Section, Marine Corps Schools, Quantico, Virginia, June 1950-
*Chief of the Coordination and Evaluation Section.
*Staff Special Assistant to the Joint Chiefs of Staff for National Security Council Affairs, Washington, DC, July 1953 - September 1955.
*Promoted to Brigadier general, September 1955.
*Assistant Commander, 2nd Marine Division, Camp Lejeune, North Carolina, September 1955-May 1956.
*Commanding General, Recruit Training Command, Marine Corps Recruit Depot, Parris Island, South Carolina, May 1956-March 1957.
*Commanding General, Marine Corps Recruit Depot Parris Island, South Carolina, March 1957-July 1957.
*Commanding General, Marine Corps Base Camp Lejeune, North Carolina, July 1957-January 1958.
*Assistant Chief of Staff, G-3, Headquarters Marine Corps, January 1958-March 1959.
*Promoted to Major General, August 1958.
*Deputy Chief of Staff, March 1959-December 1959.
*Chief of Staff, January 1, 1960, with rank of Lieutenant General.
*Nominated (by President John F. Kennedy) to be 23rd Commandant of the Marine Corps, September 24, 1963. Confirmed by the US Senate on October 17, 1963.
*Commandant of the Marine Corps, October 17, 1963 - January 26, 1968.
*Promoted to General (four-star general) upon assuming the office of Commandant.
*Awarded Distinguished Service Medal, February 1964.
*Awarded 2nd Distinguished Service Medal, 1968.

ee also

References

:Marine Corps
*cite web|url=http://www.tecom.usmc.mil/HD/Whos_Who/Greene_WM.htm
title= General Wallace M. Greene, Jr., USMC
work=Who's Who in Marine Corps History
publisher=History Division, United States Marine Corps
accessdate=2007-11-01

External links

*findagrave|7255796
*Official Marine Corps biography: [http://www.usmc.mil/genbios2.nsf/biographies/32A0EC85E914944D85256A40007187D0?opendocument General Wallace M. Greene]
*Arlington National Cemetery press release: [http://www.arlingtoncemetery.net/wmgreene.htm Wallace Martin Green, Jr., General]