Cantua buxifolia

Taxobox
name = Cantuta

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image_width = 240px
image_caption = Cantutas in the garden of Koricancha ("Temple of the Sun", today's "Convento Santo Domingo")
regnum = Plantae
divisio = Magnoliophyta
classis = Magnoliopsida
ordo = Solanales
familia = Polemoniaceae
genus = Cantua
species = "C. buxifolia"
binomial = "Cantua buxifolia"
binomial_authority = Lam.

The Cantuta (often spelled Kantuta or Qantuta, from Quechua "qantu") ("Cantua buxifolia") is a flowering plant found in the high valleys of the yungas. It is the national flower of Peru and one of two national flowers of Bolivia, the other being the Patujú. The Bolivian national flower is in fact a particular variety of Cantuta, the "Kantuta Tricolor" which has red petals, a yellow floral tube and a green calyx, reflecting the colours of the national flag.

Inca Legend

The Inca legend associated with the Cantuta is the tale of two kings named Illimani and Illampu, and their sons. Both kings were powerful and wealthy rulers of a vast country in the Kollasuyo region (today's Bolivian Altiplano), and both had a son they and their people held in great esteem. But as time passed, the kings became irritated at each other's prosperity, and eventually one of them attacked the other.

During the battle, both kings were mortally wounded by their counterpart, and were carried away. On their dying bed, both called their son and had them make the vow to avenge them, even if both sons were opposed to the war in the first place. Bound by their pledge, they prepared and led a second war even though they held no grudge against each other. History repeated, and both sons inflicted a fatal wound to the other.

But instead of harsh words, they generously forgave each other, and asked that their servants place them side by side on the green grass of the battlefield. Then appeared Pachamama, Goddess of Fertility, who told the young kings before they died that they shouldn't have suffered from their father's unjustified enmity. To punish their dead fathers, their stars fell from the sky, and became the snow covered mountains still named Illimani and Illampu, which are the highest peaks in the region.

The rivers of their snow slowly melting are their tears of regret, and fertilized the valleys. The Cantuta bloomed as a symbol of the people's unity, and bear the two colours of the king's sons (red and yellow), as well as green (standing for hope).

Common names

Common names include Cantuta, Ccantu, Flor del inca, Khantuta, Magic-flower, Magic-flower-of-the-Incas, Magictree, Sacred-flower-of-the-Incas.

References

* [http://www.voyage-bolivie.com/infos/kantuta.htm the complete legend of the tricolor Kantuta] , translated "in French" from "Leyendas de mi tierra" by Antonio Díaz Villamil (Editorial América srl, La Paz).
* [http://www.ars-grin.gov/cgi-bin/npgs/html/taxon.pl?8870 Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN): "Cantua buxifolia"]
* [http://www.rree.gov.bo/acercabolivia/spflores.htm National flowers of Bolivia]