Hippie trail

The hippie trail is a term used to describe the journeys taken by hippies and others in the 1960s and 1970s from Europe, overland to and from eastern Asia. One of the key motivations was the desire to travel as cheaply as possible, mainly to extend the length of time away from home, and so journeys were carried out by "thumbing" (hitchhiking), or cheap, private buses that travelled the route. There were also trains which traveled part of the way, particularly across Eastern Europe, through Turkey (with a ferry connection across Lake Van) and to Tehran or east to Mashhad, Iran. From these cities public or private transportation could be obtained.

Typical route

Such journeys would typically start from countries in western Europe, often the cities of London or Amsterdam. Many from the US took Icelandic Airlines to Luxembourg, and passed through 'key' spots such as Istanbul, Teheran, Herat, Kabul, Peshawar, Lahore with Goa or Kathmandu being the usual destinations. Kathmandu still has a road, Jochen Tole, nicknamed "Freak Street" in memory of the many thousands of hippies who passed through. An alternative route was from Turkey via Syria, Jordan, and Iraq to Iran and then east. Further travel to southern India, Sri Lanka, and points east to Australia was also undertaken.

The overland suffered from political changes at the end of the 1970s. The Soviet Union invaded Afghanistan and the Shah was deposed by an Islamic revolution in Iran. Still, the travel organizers "Sundowners" and "Top Deck" pioneered a route through Baluchistan. Top Deck continued its trips throughout the Iran-Iraq war and later conflicts and took its last trip in 1998.

With a loosening of immigration in Iran the route has again become somewhat feasible, although conflicts in Iraq, Afghanistan and some parts of Pakistan make the route difficult to negotiate.

Guides

Tony Wheeler, the creator of the Lonely Planet guidebooks made in his early days a publication on the hippie trail called "Across Asia On The Cheap". [ [http://www.sfgate.com/cgi-bin/article.cgi?file=/chronicle/archive/2004/01/18/TRGV0472MI1.DTL Across Asia on the Cheap] ] He made this 94-page pamphlet of travel experiences gained by crossing Western Europe, the Balkans, Turkey and Iran from London in a Austin minivan they bought for $130. After having done these regions, they sold the van in Afghanistan and continued on a succession of chicken buses, third-class trains and long-distance trucks. They crossed Pakistan, Kashmir, India, Nepal, Thailand, Malaysia and Indonesia and arrived nine months later in Sydney with a combined 27 cents in their pockets.

The BIT Guide, a early stapled-together "A4 bundle" providing information for travellers and updated by those already on the road, warned of pitfalls and places to see and stay. The first BIT Guide was produced by the BIT Information & Help Service in London in 1970. The BIT guide reached its peak under the control of legendary traveller Geoff Crowther, who arrived at BIT in 1972.

The 1971 edition of The Whole Earth Catalog ("The Last Whole Earth Catalog") devoted page 302 to the Overland Guide to Nepal. The guidebook company Lonely Planet got its birth when its founders published writings from their overland trip, driving from the UK to Australia. Paul Theroux wrote a classic account of the route in "The Great Railway Bazaar" (1975).

"The wrong way home" has been written by Peter Moore and describes the following of the original hippie trail in the '90. [ [http://www.lonelyplanet.com/thorntree/thread.jspa?threadID=1024006 Present day hippie trail documents] ]

Motivation

Many on the hippie trail were driven by the ideals of 'finding yourself', 'seeking God' and 'communicating with other peoples', ideals fundamental to the hippie movement. The bulk of travelers comprised Western Europeans, North Americans, Australians, and Japanese. Ideas and experiences were exchanged in well known hostels and hotels along the way, such as the Pudding Shop in Istanbul, or the Amir Kabir in Teheran. Many carried a backpack and, while the majority were young, older people and families occasionally travelled the route. A number drove the entire distance.

In the mid-1970s a number of operators attempted to commercialise the route. Some of the more successful at taking paying passengers included Transit Travel, AutoTours, Sundowners and Top Deck.

In September 2007 a new bus service, Ozbus, started between London and Sydney over the route of the hippie trail [ [http://www.oz-bus.com/ Ozbus website] ] .

New trails

In recent years, due to the increase of budget airlines and low-cost flights, new "hippie trails" have been formed and have accompanied the original hippie trail of the '60 and '70's. [ [http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_qn4158/is_20060302/ai_n16204443 Budget Airlines spread their wings to Africa] ] At present, new "hippie trails" are being formed towards Northern Africa (eg Morocco, Tunisia, ...) and other destinations that are reachable by low-cost airlines. [ [http://travel.nytimes.com/2006/10/01/travel/01journeys.html Morocco's hippie trail] ] In addition, certain other alternative trails such as the Banana Pancake Trail (used frequently by Western budget-travellers) are well on their way to replace the old hippie trail to Asia.

ee also

*Grand Tour - 17th-19th century Continental tour undertaken by young European aristocrats, partly as leisure and partly educational.
*Banana Pancake Trail - 20th-21st century route through Asia undertaken by Western backpackers travelling on a budget

Further reading

*Citation
last = MacLean
first = Rory
author-link = Rory MacLean
year = 2008
title = Magic Bus: On the Hippie Trail from Istanbul to India
place = London, New York
publisher = Penguin Books, Ig Publishing.
*Dring, Simon (1995) "On the Road Again" BBC Books ISBN 0 563 37172 2
* A Season in Heaven: True Tales from the Road to Kathmandu (ISBN 0864426291; compiled by David Tomory) - accounts by people who made the trip, mostly in search of enlightenment.

References

* [http://www.magicbus.info Magic Bus - Asia Overland hippie trail website and photo gallery]
* [http://www.ponty.dk/hippietr.htm "The Hippie Trail - The Road to Paradise"]
* [http://www.oland.co.uk/index.php Steve Abrams' Diary of trip from 1967]
* [http://www.geocities.com/klaus_westerhausen "Beyond the Beach - An Ethnography of Modern Travellers in Asia"]
* [http://www.hansroodenburg.nl/trail/ "On the Hippie Trail" - an impression from 1968]
* [http://www.roadtogoa.com "Road to Goa - pics and stories from a 70's 'trail' bus driver"]
* [http://realtravel.com/united_kingdom-trips-i2480656.html A journey from England to India & Nepal in 1973]
* [http://www.richardgregory.org.uk/history/hippie-trail-01.htm The Hippie Trail 1974]
* [http://overland.minamere.com.au Overland from London to Kathmandu in a Double Decker bus 1980-1981]
* [http://hqinfo.blogspot.com/2006_08_01_archive.html Alternative Society 1970s: BIT Travel Guide]