Isaac Tyrnau

Isaac Tyrnau

Isaac Tyrnau was an Austrian (or Hungarian) rabbi, active in the late 14th century; he is most famous for his "Sefer haMinhagim" (Book of Customs).

Biography

Little is known about his life. He was born in Vienna and later moved to Tyrnau in Austria, although some suggest "Trnava", in modern day Slovakia. He studied under Abraham Klausner of Vienna and Sar Shalom of Neustadt. It is possible that he later served as rabbi in Pressburg, although this is debated by scholars. His correspondence with Jacob Moellin regarding a divorce (1420) is recorded. Gabriel Polak and Israel Böhmer published (Königsberg, 1857) an anonymous story entitled "Ezba' Elohim," the heroes of which are Isaac Tyrnau and his beautiful daughter. According to legend, a Hungarian prince fell in love with Tyrnau's daughter, converted to Judaism, renounced the throne and married Tyrnau's daughter.

Works

Sefer haMinhagim (Book of Customs) is a compendium of "halachot" ("Jewish laws") and "minhagim" ("customs") of Ashkenazi Jews, arranged according to the calendar. The work is significantly influenced by those of Tyrnau's teachers. It also contains notes from a Hungarian rabbi, which were already attached with the first printed edition of Tyrnau's work (1566).

Tyrnau's work is noted as the first to discuss in detail the idea of the "Yahrzeit" (the commemoration of the anniversary of a death). It was translated into German in 1590, and often reprinted. It also contains a treatise on morals entitled "Orhot Hayyim," in 132 sections, which is appended to the "Sefer haMinhagim".

Isaac Tyrnau is quoted by Mordechai Jaffe at the end of his "Lebush" on Orah Hayyim. This work was to some extent superseded by "Minhagei Maharil" by Rabbi Yaakov ben Moshe Levi Moelin (Maharil), 1556.

External links

*References
** [http://www.jewishencyclopedia.com/view.jsp?artid=250&letter=I Isaac Tyrnau] , jewishencyclopedia.com
** [http://www.davidsconsultants.com/jewishhistory/history.php?letter=i Isaac Tyrnau] , jewishhistory
** [http://www.seforimonline.org/seforim3.html "Sefer Minhagim"] , seforimonline.org
*Resources
**" [http://www.teachittome.com/seforim2/seforim/sefer_minhagim.pdf Sefer HaMinhagim] " (Hebrew Fulltext, PDF)


Wikimedia Foundation. 2010.

Игры ⚽ Нужен реферат?

Look at other dictionaries:

  • Isaac Tyrnau — est un rabbin d origine hongroise du XVe siècle. C est le premier juif hongrois dont les écrits aient été conservés. On connait peu de choses de sa vie. On sait qu il est né à Vienne puis est ensuite parti à Tyrnau dans l actuelle Slovaquie. Il a …   Wikipédia en Français

  • TYRNAU, ISAAC — (end of 14th century), Austrian rabbi and compiler of a book of minhagim . Tyrnau s teachers were abraham klausner , Sar Shalom of Neustadt, and aaron neustadt . Until recently it was assumed that his name derived from Trnava (Tyrnau) in Hungary… …   Encyclopedia of Judaism

  • Tyrnau — Trnava Pour les articles homonymes, voir Trnava (homonymie). Trnava …   Wikipédia en Français

  • HUNGARY — HUNGARY, state in S.E. Central Europe. Middle Ages to the Ottoman Conquest Archaeological evidence indicates the existence of Jews in Pannonia and Dacia, who came there in the wake of the Roman legions. Jewish historical tradition, however, only… …   Encyclopedia of Judaism

  • Rishonim — Les Rishonim (hébreu : ראשונים « Premiers ») sont, au sens propre, les décisionnaires en matière de Loi juive dont les opinions ont été émises après le déclin des académies talmudiques de Babylone (c. 1038) et avant la rédaction du …   Wikipédia en Français

  • Bereavement in Judaism — Part of a series on …   Wikipedia

  • Minhag — Part of a series of articles on Jews and Judaism …   Wikipedia

  • Nagyszombat — Trnava Pour les articles homonymes, voir Trnava (homonymie). Trnava …   Wikipédia en Français

  • Trnava — Pour les articles homonymes, voir Trnava (homonymie). Trnava (Capitale régionale) …   Wikipédia en Français

  • History of the Jews in Germany — Jews have lived in Germany, or Ashkenaz , at least since the early 4th century, through both periods of tolerance and spasms of antisemitic violence, culminating in the Holocaust and the near destruction of the Jewish community in Germany and… …   Wikipedia

Share the article and excerpts

Direct link
… Do a right-click on the link above
and select “Copy Link”