Kangiqsualujjuaq, Quebec

Kangiqsualujjuaq (ᑲᖏᖅᓱᐊᓗᔾᔪᐊᖅ in Inuktitut syllabics; also "Kangirsualujjuaq" ᑲᖏᕐᓱᐊᓗᔾᔪᐊᖅ) is an Inuit village with a population of approximately 620, located on the east coast of Ungava Bay at the mouth of the George River, in Nunavik, Quebec, Canada.

The community has also been known as Fort Severight, Fort George River, and Port du Nouveau-Québec. The name "Kangiqsualujjuaq" means "the very large bay" in Inuktitut.

Industries in Kangiqsualujjuaq include hunting of caribou, seal and beluga whale, arctic char fishing, and the production of Inuit art.

The town is also the main terminus of the George River canoeing expeditions (e.g. one of Chewonki Foundation's canoe trips).

Description of the Township

Kangiqsualujjuaq is located convert|1688|km|mi|0|abbr=on|lk=on to the northeast of Montreal. Access to the township is by plane, although Kangiqsualujjuamiut occasionally travel to Kuujjuaq in winter by snowmobile and in summer by boat, a journey of approximately km to mi|160|precision=-1|abbr=on to the southwest. Journeys across the Torngat Mountains by snowmobile to the Labrador settlements Nain and Nachvak are rarely embarked upon these days, but were commonplace when dog teams were used. Cargo ships from Montreal deliver cumbersome supplies and equipment to the community every summer.

Enveloped by mountains, the township is framed by picturesque surroundings and its elevated position affords unobstructed views of the George River. The town itself is laid out on a grid pattern over levelled-ground, with two unsealed roads leading a few kilometres beyond the mountain ridges at either end of the village.

Amidst rocky outcrops and stone way-finding markers (Inukshuk), the village landscape is dotted with stands of stunted trees and prostrate groundcovers that cling perilously to the rugged granite terrain. In low-lying areas, the ground is covered by thick carpets of moss and lichen.

History

The Hudson's Bay Company operated a post south of today's village (at [http://toolserver.org/~magnus/geo/geohack.php?params=58_31_43.03_N_65_53_34.58_W_ 58:31:43.03 N 65:53:34.58 W] , marked as Illutaliviniq on topographic maps) during the periods of 1838­-42, 1876-1915 and 1923­-32. But the Inuit of the area never settled around the post, preferring to live along the coast in summer and setting their camps about km to mi|50|precision=-1|abbr=on km inland in winter. In 1959, local Inuit established, on their own initiative, the first co-operative in Northern Quebec for the purpose of marketing Arctic char. Construction of the village began in 1962 and from then on Inuit began to settle permanently there. In 1963 a school, a co-operative store, and government buildings were built. In 1980, Kangiqsualujjuaq was legally established as a municipality.

The community was stricken by an avalanche in the early morning of January 1, 1999, which destroyed the Satuumavik School gymnasium during New Year celebrations, killing nine. School was rebuilt on the new, safer location and renamed to Ulluriaq School.

Research

A comprehensive study of the Kangiqsualujjuaq people and their knowledge and perceptions of their homelands appears in the PhD thesis by Scott Heyes (2007) entitled: "Inuit Knowledge and Perceptions of the Land-Water Interface". It can be downloaded as a [http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:8881/R/-?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=18292&current_base=GEN01 PDF] (170 MB).

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External links

* [http://www.krg.ca/ Kativik Regional Government]
* [http://www.rrsss17.gouv.qc.ca/en/nunavik/communautes/kangiqsualujjuaq.aspx Kangiqsualujjuaq (community profile)] (Nunavik Regional Board of Health and Social Services)
* [http://www.nunavik-tourism.com/vilkangiqsualujjuaq.html Nunavik tourism - Kangiqsualujjuaq website]
* [http://www12.statcan.ca/english/census06/data/profiles/community/Details/Page.cfm?Lang=E&Geo1=CSD&Code1=2499090&Geo2=PR&Code2=24&Data=Count&SearchText=Kangiqsualujjuaq&SearchType=Begins&SearchPR=01&B1=All&Custom= Kangiqsualujjuaq, Quebec] Statistics Canada
* [http://kativik.net/ulluriaq/ Ulluriaq School, Kangiqsualujjuaq]