Dinitrotoluene

Dinitrotoluene

Chembox new
ImageFile = Dinitrotoluene acsv.svg
ImageSize = 150px
IUPACName = 1-methyl-2,6-dinitro benzene
OtherNames =
Section1 = Chembox Identifiers
CASNo = 25321-14-6
PubChem = 8461
UNNumber = "molten:" 1600 "liquid or solid:" 2038
SMILES = CC1=C(C=C(C=C1) [N+]
(=O) [O-] ) [N+] (=O) [O-]
Section2 = Chembox Properties
C = 7 | H = 6 | N = 2 | O = 4
MolarMass = 182.134 g/mol
Appearance = Pale yellow to orange crystalline solid
Density = 1.32 g/cm3
MeltingPt = 67-70 °C
BoilingPt = Decomposes at 250-300 °C
Solubility =
Section3 = Chembox Hazards
MainHazards =
FlashPt =
Autoignition =
Section6 = Chembox Explosive
ShockSens = Insensitive
FrictionSens = Very low
ExplosiveV =
REFactor =

Dinitrotoluene (DNT) or Dinitro is an explosive with the formula C6H3(CH3)(NO2)2. At room temperature it is a pale yellow to orange crystalline solid. It is a high explosive. It is one of the precursors for trinitrotoluene (TNT), which is synthesized through three separate nitrations of toluene. The first product is mononitrotoluene, DNT is the second, and TNT is the third and final product.

There are 6 possible isomers of dinitrotolulene. The most common one is 2,4-dinitrotoluene (CAS 121-14-2).

Most DNT is used in the production of toluene diisocyanate which is used to produce flexible polyurethane foams. DNT is hydrogenated to produce toluene diamine, which in turn is phosgenated to form toluene diisocyanate. Other uses include the explosives industry, dyes and plastics. It is not used by itself as an explosive, but is converted to TNT, or used as an additive with other compounds.

Dinitrotoluene is frequently used as a plasticizer, deterrent coating, and burn rate modifier in propellants (eg. smokeless gunpowders). As it is carcinogenic and toxic, modern formulations tend to avoid its use. In this application it is often used together with dibutyl phthalate.

Organic solvents: nitrobenzene, 2,4-dinitrotoluene and carbon tetrachloride all have some effect on the immune system suppressing antibody production.Kent, C., 1998, "Basics of Toxicology", John Wiley & Sons, Inc] 2,4-Dinitrotoluene suppresses natural killer cell and macrophage activity.

References


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Look at other dictionaries:

  • Dinitrotoluène — Général No CAS …   Wikipédia en Français

  • dinitrotoluène — ● dinitrotoluène nom masculin Dérivé dinitré du toluène. (Certains isomères sont utilisés pour préparer des colorants et des polymères.) …   Encyclopédie Universelle

  • dinitrotoluene — “+ noun Etymology: International Scientific Vocabulary dinitro + toluene : any of six isomeric toxic crystalline compounds CH3C6H3(NO2)3 formed by nitration of nitrotoluenes: as a. : the yellow isomer obtained as the sole first product from par …   Useful english dictionary

  • dinitrotoluene — noun Any of six isomeric compounds formed by the nitration of toluene, but especially 1 methyl 2,6 dinitro benzene that is used as an explosive See Also: trinitrotoluene …   Wiktionary

  • dinitrotoluene — di·ni·tro·tolu·ene (di ni″tro tolґu ēn) a highly toxic crystalline compound existing as three isomers, used in organic synthesis and the manufacture of dyes and explosives; it is readily absorbed through the skin and is a potential… …   Medical dictionary

  • dinitrotoluene — (DNT)    An explosive used as a coating on gunpowders to retard the burning rate and to act as a moisture proofing agent …   Forensic science glossary

  • dinitrotoluene — di·ni·tro·toluene …   English syllables

  • 2,4-Dinitrotoluene — 2,4 Dinitrotoluene …   Wikipedia

  • 2,4-dinitrotoluène — Général Nom IUPAC 2,4 dinitrotoluène Synonymes …   Wikipédia en Français

  • 2,4-dinitrotoluene — noun see dinitrotoluene …   Useful english dictionary

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