- Tsuga caroliniana
Taxobox
name = Carolina Hemlock
image_width = 240px
image_caption = Line drawing from "Illustrated Flora of the Northern States and Canada"
status = LR/nt | status_system = IUCN2.3
status_ref = IUCN2006|assessors=Conifer Specialist Group|year=1998|id=34200|title=Tsuga caroliniana|downloaded=06 May 2006]
regnum =Plant ae
divisio =Pinophyta
classis = Pinopsida
ordo =Pinales
familia =Pinaceae
genus = "Tsuga "
species = "T. caroliniana"
binomial = "Tsuga caroliniana"
binomial_authority = Engelm."Tsuga caroliniana" (Carolina Hemlock) is a species of "
Tsuga ", native to theAppalachian Mountains in southwestVirginia , westernNorth Carolina , extreme northeast Georgia, northwestSouth Carolina , and easternTennessee . Its habitat is on rocky mountain slopes at elevations of 700-1200 m. The optimal growing condition is a partly shady area with moist but well-drained soil in a cool climate.Farjon, A. (1990). "Pinaceae. Drawings and Descriptions of the Genera". Koeltz Scientific Books ISBN 3-87429-298-3.]It is an
evergreen coniferoustree growing up to 30 m (exceptionally 34 m) tall and 110 cm in trunk diameter under forest conditions. The crown is compact and pyramidal, growing up to 8 m wide. Thebark is thick, reddish-brown and becomes fissured between scaly ridges. The branches are stout and usually horizontal, but often slightly drooping. The shoots are red-brown to orange-brown, finely hairy. The leaves are 5-20 mm long and 1.8–2 mm broad, flattened, not tapering toward their ends, and with a rounded or slightly notched apex; they radiate outward in all directions from the twigs and smell of tangerine if crushed. They are glossy dark green above and paler on the underside with two whitestoma tal bands. The cones are 2-4 cm long, green, maturing light to mid-brown 6–7 months after pollination. When fully open, their scales are positioned at a right angle or reflexed to the central axis.Gymnosperm Database: [http://www.conifers.org/pi/ts/caroliniana.htm "Tsuga caroliniana"] ] Flora of North America: [http://www.efloras.org/florataxon.aspx?flora_id=1&taxon_id=233501321 "Tsuga Caroliniana"] ]The
Hemlock Woolly Adelgid "Adelges tsugae", an adelgid introduced to theUnited States fromAsia in1924 , threatens Carolina Hemlock, which is as susceptible as the relatedEastern Hemlock .Carolina Hemlock is used more often as an
ornamental tree than for timber production, due to its overall rarity. Inlandscaping , it is similar in appearance to Eastern Hemlock, but the Carolina Hemlock has a deeptaproot , compared with the shallow, aggressive roots of Eastern Hemlock. This means that shrubs and other plants can be grown more easily under Carolina Hemlock. [cite book | title= Growing and Propagating Showy Native Woody Plants | author=Richard E. Bir | publisher=University of North Carolina Press | year=1992 | isbn=0-8078-4366-0, page 62]References and external links
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