Outline of botany

See also: Index of botany articles

The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to botany:

Botany – biological discipline which involves the study of plants.

Essence of botany

Main article: Botany

Bud Cell wall Chlorophyll Chloroplast Flora Flower Fruit

Forest Leaf Meristem Photosynthesis Plant Plant cell Pollen

Seed Seedling Spore Tree Vine Wood

Branches of botany

Subdisciplines of botany

• Agronomy
• Ethnobotany
• Paleobotany
• Phytosociology
• Plant anatomy
• Plant ecology
• Plant morphology
• Plant physiology
• Plant taxonomy

Specializations in botany

• Bryology (mosses and liverworts)
• Dendrology (woody plants)
• Lichenology (lichens)
• Mycology (fungi)
• Palynology (spores and pollen)
• Phycology (algae)
• Pteridology (ferns)
• Xylology

History of botany

Main articles: History of plant systematics

Kinds of plants

Major plant groups

Algae Cyanobacteria Brown algae Charophyta Chlorophyta Desmid Diatom Red algae Green algae

Bryophytes Anthocerotophyta (hornworts) Bryophyta (mosses) Marchantiophyta (liverworts) Pteridophytes Lycopodiophyta (club mosses) Pteridophyta (ferns & horsetails) Rhyniophyta (early plants)

Gymnosperms Pteridospermatophyta (seed "ferns") Cycadophyta Ginkgophyta Gnetophyta Pinophyta (conifers)

Angiosperms Dicotyledon Asteraceae (sunflower family) Cactaceae (cactus family) Fabaceae (legume family) Lamiaceae (mint family) Rosaceae (rose family) Monocotyledon Araceae (arum family) Arecaceae (palm family) Iridaceae (iris family) Orchidaceae (orchid family) Poaceae (grass family)

Plants (by common name)

Main article: Plant

Some well-known types of plants, listed by their common names:

artichoke

privet watermelon

General plant species concepts

• Plant taxonomy
  • Cultivated plant taxonomy
  • List of systems of plant taxonomy
• Clades
  • Monophyletic
  • Polyphyletic
• Speciation
• Isolating mechanisms
• Concept of species
  • Species problem

Notable botanists

In alphabetical order by surname:

• Aristotle
• Arthur Cronquist (angiosperm evolution)
• Charles Darwin (formulated modern theory of evolution)
• Carolus Linnaeus (father of systematics)
• Gregor Mendel (father of genetics)
• John Ray
• G. Ledyard Stebbins (angiosperm evolution)
• Robert Thorne (angiosperm evolution)
• Gilbert White

• List of Russian botanists

Botany lists

Main article: List of botany topics

See also

Biology portal

External links

• Hunt Institute for Botanical Documentation
• plant growth and the plant cell from Kimball's Biology Pages
• Botanical Society of America: What is Botany?
• Science and Plants for Schools
• Teaching Documents about Botany Teaching documents, lecture notes and tutorials online: an annotated link directory.
• American society of plant biologists APSB
• Why study Plants? Department of Plant Sciences, University of Cambridge
• Botany Photo of the Day

Flora and other plant catalogs or databases

• The Virtual Library of Botany
• High quality pictures of plants and information about them from Catholic University of Leuven
• Curtis's Botanical Magazine, 1790–1856
• The Trees Of Great Britain and Ireland, by Henry John Elwes & Augustine Henry, 1906–1913
• Botanik-Datenbank (ger.)
• Plant Directory (ger.)
• USDA plant database
• The Linnean Society of London
• Native Plant Information Network