Upper Amazon Arawakan

Upper Amazon Arawakan
Upper Amazonian Arawakan
Inland Northern Maipuran
Geographic
distribution:		 Northern Amazon
Linguistic classification: Arawakan
  • Northern
    • Upper Amazonian Arawakan
Subdivisions:
Western Nawiki
Eastern Nawiki
Central (Orinoco)
Manao
Ethnologue code: 415-16

The Upper Amazon Maipurean languages, aka North Amazonian or Inland Northern Maipuran, are Arawakan languages of the northern Amazon in Colombia, Venezuela, Peru, and Brazil.

Languages

Kaufman (1994)

Kaufman (1994) gives the following breakdown (Aikhenvald's names of branches in parentheses):

  • Western Nawiki (Colombian)
    • Wainumá group (†)
      • Wainumá (†)
      • Mariaté (†)
      • Anauyá (†)
    • Piapoko group
      • Achagua (Achawa)
      • Piapoco
      • Amarizana (†)
      • Caviyari (Cabiyarí) (†?)
    • Warekena group
      • Guarequena (Warekena)
      • Mandahuaca (Mandawaka)
    • Río Negro group (†)
      • Jumana (Yumana) (†)
      • Pasé (†)
      • Cawishana (†)
    • Yucuna group
      • Yucuna (Jukuna)
      • Guarú (†)
  • Eastern Nawiki (Upper Rio Negro)
    • Tariana
    • Karu group
      • Kurripako (aka Ipeka-Tapuia-Curripako)
      • Baniwa (Carútana-Baniwa)
      • Katpolítani-Moriwene-Mapanai (Kadaupuritana)
  • Resígaro (†?)
  • Central Upper Amazon (Orinoco) (†)
    • Baré group (†)
      • Marawá (†)
      • Baré (†)
      • Guinao (†)
    • Yavitero group (†)
      • Yavitero (†)
      • Baniva (Baniwa)
      • Maipure (†)
  • Manao (Middle Rio Negro) (†)
    • Manao (†)
    • Kariaí (Cariyai) (†)

He leaves the following Upper Amazon languages unclassified:

  • Shiriana (Xiriâna, Yabaána (†), Waraikú (Araikú) (†), Wiriná (†)

Aikhenvald (1999)

Aikhenvald (1999) classified a couple languages Kaufman left out (Shiriana, Yabaâna), but leaves several of his Western Nawiki languages and branches unclassified. Several languages—Maipure, Resígaro, Cawishana, Mandahuaca, and Guarequena—are moved. She treats the Yucuna, Karu (Baniwa), and Bare groups as single languages.

  • Western Nawiki (Colombian)
    • Maipure (†)
    • Resígaro (†?)
    • Achagua (Achawa)
    • Piapoco
    • Caviyari (Cabiyarí) (†?)
    • Yucuna (Jukuna) (dialect: KadaupuritanaGuarú]] (†))
  • Eastern Nawiki (Upper Rio Negro)
    • Tariana
    • Baniwa (Carútana-Baniwa) (dialects: Curripako, Catapolítani)
    • Guarequena (Warekena)
  • Central Upper Amazon (Orinoco) (†)
    • Mandahuaca (Mandawaka)
    • Yabaâna (†)
    • Baré (†) (dialect: Guinao)
    • Yavitero (†)
    • Baniwa of Guainia (Abane)
  • Manao (Middle Rio Negro) (†)

Unclassified (†): Wainumá (qtj), Mariaté (qtw), Anauyá (qjb), Amarizana (qah), Jumana (Yumana) (qtl), Pasé (qoj), Kariaí (Cariyai) (qce), Waraikú (Araikú) (qm3), Wiriná (qg7). Cabre was found in the area of the Western Nawiki languages, but only a few words are known. The "Ponares language" listed in Ethnologue may have been Piapoco or Achagua.


Wikimedia Foundation. 2010.

Игры ⚽ Поможем написать курсовую

Look at other dictionaries:

  • Arawakan languages — This article is about the Maipurean languages, or Arawakan proper. For the larger language family proposal called Arawakan, see Macro Arawakan languages. Arawakan Maipurean Ethnicity: Arawak peoples Geographic distribution: From the Caribbean and …   Wikipedia

  • Maipure language — Maipure Spoken in Venezuela Region Orinoco Extinct late 18th century Language family Arawakan Northern …   Wikipedia

  • Maipurean — Infobox Language family name=Maipurean region=From the Caribbean and Central America to every country in South America except Uruguay and Chile familycolor=American fam1=Arawakan (uncertain) child1=Northern Maipurean child2=Southern… …   Wikipedia

  • South American forest Indian — Introduction  indigenous inhabitants of the tropical forests of South America.       The tribal cultures of South America are so various that they cannot be adequately summarized in a brief space. The mosaic is baffling in its complexity: the… …   Universalium

  • Indigenous languages of the Americas — Yucatec Maya writing in the Dresden Codex, ca. 11–12th century, Chichen Itza Indigenous languages of the Americas are spoken by indigenous peoples from Alaska and Greenland to the southern tip of South America, encompassing the land masses which… …   Wikipedia

  • Mandawaca language — Not to be confused with Baré language. Mandahuaca Mandawaka Spoken in Venezuela Native speakers unknown (3,000 cited 1975) Language family …   Wikipedia

  • Baré language — Baré Mitua Spoken in Venezuela, Brazil Extinct ? Language family Arawakan …   Wikipedia

  • Curripaco language — Curripako Spoken in Colombia, Venezuela, Brazil Ethnicity Baniwa Native speakers 12,500  (2001) Language family Arawakan …   Wikipedia

  • Manao language — Manao Spoken in Brazil Extinct 18th century Language family Arawakan Northern Upper Amazon …   Wikipedia

  • Jivaroan languages — Infobox Language family name=Jibaroan altname=Hívaro region=Peru familycolor=American fam1=Macro Jibaro ? child1= Jivaro child2= Aguaruna Jivaroan (also Hívaro, Jívaro, Jibaroana, Jibaro) is a small language family, or perhaps a language isolate …   Wikipedia

Share the article and excerpts

Direct link
… Do a right-click on the link above
and select “Copy Link”