PH helmet

PH helmet

The P helmet, PH helmet and PHG helmet were early types of gas mask issued by the British Army in the First World War, to protect troops against chlorine, phosgene and tear gases. Rather than having a separate filter for removing the toxic chemicals, they consisted of a gas-permeable hood worn over the head which was treated with chemicals.

The P (or Phenate) Helmet, officially called the Tube Helmet, [cite web | url = http://www.westernfrontassociation.com/thegreatwar/articles/weapons/gasapparatus.htm | title = The Apparatus Of Gas Warfare On The Western Front In The Great War | work = The Western Front Association | accessdate=2008-01-21] appeared in July 1915, [cite_journal | journal =Chemical warfare | title=Gas mask development | author = CWS Barker | volume=12 | issue = 7 | pages=11–15 | year=1926 | url=http://www33.brinkster.com/iiiii/gasmask/development.html] replacing the simpler Hypo Helmet. It featured two mica eyepieces instead of the single visor of its predecessor, and added an exhaust valve fed from a metal tube which the wearer held in his mouth. The exhaust valve was needed because a double layer of flannel – one treated and one not – was needed because the solution attacked the fabric.

It had flannel layers of cloth-dipped in sodium phenolate and glycerin and protected against chlorine and phosgene, but not against tear gas. Around 9 million were made.

The PH Helmet (Phenate Hexamine) replaced it in October 1915, and added hexamethylene tetramine, which greatly improved protection against phosgene [ [http://www.gutenberg.org/dirs/etext98/rrhin10.txt The Riddle of the Rhine: Chemical Strategy in Peace and War] , Victor LeFebure, at Project Gutenberg] and added protection against hydrocyanic acid. [ [http://www.eustis.army.mil/dtpmsec/NBC_School/Mask%20History.pdf History of the U.S. Army's protective mask] ] Around 14 million were made and it remained in service until the end of the war by which time it was relegated to second line use.

The PHG Helmet appeared in January 1916 and was similar to the PH Helmet but had a facepiece made of rubber sponge to add protection against tear gas. Around one and a half million were produced in 1916-1917.

It was finally superseded by the small box respirator in February 1916, which was much more satisfactory against high concentrationsof phosgene or lachrymators.

References

External links

* [http://www.gasmasks.net/database/uk/uk.htm The gas mask database: The UK]


Wikimedia Foundation. 2010.

Игры ⚽ Нужен реферат?

Look at other dictionaries:

  • Helmet — Hel met, n. [OF. helmet, a dim of helme, F. heaume; of Teutonic origin; cf. G. helm, akin to AS. & OS. helm, D. helm, helmet, Icel. hj[=a]lmr, Sw. hjelm, Dan. hielm, Goth. hilms; and prob. from the root of AS. helan to hide, to hele; cf. also… …   The Collaborative International Dictionary of English

  • Helmet beetle — Helmet Hel met, n. [OF. helmet, a dim of helme, F. heaume; of Teutonic origin; cf. G. helm, akin to AS. & OS. helm, D. helm, helmet, Icel. hj[=a]lmr, Sw. hjelm, Dan. hielm, Goth. hilms; and prob. from the root of AS. helan to hide, to hele; cf.… …   The Collaborative International Dictionary of English

  • Helmet shell — Helmet Hel met, n. [OF. helmet, a dim of helme, F. heaume; of Teutonic origin; cf. G. helm, akin to AS. & OS. helm, D. helm, helmet, Icel. hj[=a]lmr, Sw. hjelm, Dan. hielm, Goth. hilms; and prob. from the root of AS. helan to hide, to hele; cf.… …   The Collaborative International Dictionary of English

  • Helmet shrike — Helmet Hel met, n. [OF. helmet, a dim of helme, F. heaume; of Teutonic origin; cf. G. helm, akin to AS. & OS. helm, D. helm, helmet, Icel. hj[=a]lmr, Sw. hjelm, Dan. hielm, Goth. hilms; and prob. from the root of AS. helan to hide, to hele; cf.… …   The Collaborative International Dictionary of English

  • Helmet — Datos generales Origen …   Wikipedia Español

  • Helmet Boxing — or Locker Boxing (also called Helmet fight or Helmets and Gloves) [http://i.abcnews.com/GMA/OnCall/story?id=3203615 abcnews] Dangerous New Trend: Kids Version of Fight Club ] is a game played by primarily teenage [… …   Wikipedia

  • Helmet (quartier) — Pour les articles homonymes, voir Helmet. Helmet est un quartier populaire de Bruxelles. Il est situé à cheval sur les communes de Schaerbeek et Evere. Ce quartier a donné son nom à la place de Helmet et à beaucoup de lieux dits des environs.… …   Wikipédia en Français

  • Helmet — The Hifi Bar, Melbourne May 2008 Основная информация …   Википедия

  • Helmet for My Pillow — is the personal narrative written by World War II United States Marine Corps veteran, author and military historian Robert Leckie. First published in 1957, the story begins with Leckie enlisting in the United States Marines shortly after the 1941 …   Wikipedia

  • Helmet stickers — (also known as reward decals and pride stickers) are stickers that are affixed to a high school or college football player s helmet. They can denote either individual or team accomplishments.HistoryThe practice of awarding helmet stickers is… …   Wikipedia

  • helmet — mid 15c., perhaps a dim. of O.E. helm protection, covering; crown, helmet (see HELM (Cf. helm) (2)). But Barnhart says from M.Fr. helmet (Mod.Fr. heaume), dim. of helme helmet, from the same Germanic source as helm (2). Middle English Dictionary… …   Etymology dictionary

Share the article and excerpts

Direct link
… Do a right-click on the link above
and select “Copy Link”