Sulfonucleotide reductase

In biology, a sulfonucleotide reductase is actually a class of enzymes involved in reductive sulfur assimilation. This reaction consists of a conversion from activated sulfate to sulfite. (Inorganic sulfate occurs abundantly on Earth; terrestrial organisms must use sulfate assimilation to convert it to sulfide.) The sulfite is used in essential biomolecules such as cysteine. Sulfonucleotide reduction by adenosine-5'-phosphosulfate uses a mechanism of nucleophilic attack. Carroll "et al.", after studying that mechanism, suggested that sulfonucleotide reductases evolved from a common ancestor.

Further, Carroll, "et al." found some key characteristics of adenosine-5'-phosphosulfate in "M. tuberculosis". For example, it's a monomer. Also, it does not possess an "intramolecular disulfide bond instead of an intermolecular disulfide bond." In addition, they proposed a role of the iron-sulfur cluster in adenosine-5'-phosphosulfate reduction.

References

* Carroll KS, Gao H, Chen H, Stout C, Leary JA, et al. (2005) A Conserved Mechanism for Sulfonucleotide Reduction. PLoS Biol 3(8): e250