Marburgvirus

Genus Marburgvirus
Virus classification
Group:	Group V ((-)ssRNA)
Order:	Mononegavirales
Family:	Filoviridae
Genus:	Marburgvirus
Included species
Type Species Marburg marburgvirus (accepted)

The genus Marburgvirus is the taxonomic home of one species whose members are two related viruses that form filamentous virions, Marburg virus (MARV) and Ravn virus (RAVV). Both viruses cause severe disease in humans and nonhuman primates in the form of viral hemorrhagic fevers and both are Select Agents,^[1] World Health Organization Risk Group 4 Pathogens (requiring Biosafety Level 4-equivalent containment),^[2] National Institutes of Health/National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases Category A Priority Pathogens,^[3] Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Category A Bioterrorism Agents,^[4] and are listed as a Biological Agents for Export Control by the Australia Group.^[5]

Use of term

The genus Marburgvirus is a virological taxon (i.e. a man-made concept) included in the family Filoviridae, order Mononegavirales.^[6] The genus currently includes a single virus species, Marburg marburgvirus.^[6] The members of the genus (i.e. the actual physical entities) are called marburgviruses.^[6] The name Marburgvirus is derived from the city of Marburg in Hesse, West Germany (where Marburg virus was first disovered) and the taxonomic suffix -virus (which denotes a virus genus).^[6]

Note

Marburgvirus is pronounced ˌmɑrbərg’vɑɪrəs (IPA) or mahr-berg-vahy-ruhs in English phonetic notation.^[6] According to the rules for taxon naming established by the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV), the name Marburgvirus is always to be capitalized, italicized, never abbreviated, and to be preceded by the word "genus". The names of its members (marburgviruses) are to be written in lower case, are not italicized, and used without articles.^[6]

Previous designations

The genus was introduced in 1998 as "Marburg-like viruses".^[7][8] In 2002, the name was changed to Marburgvirus,^[9][10] and in 2010 the genus was emended.^[6]

Genus inclusion criteria

A virus that fulfills the criteria for being a member of the family Filoviridae is a member of the genus Marburgvirus if^[6]

• its genome has one gene overlap
• its fourth gene (GP) encodes only one protein (GP_1,2) and cotranscriptional editing is not necessary for its expression
• peak infectivity of its virions is association with particles ≈665 nm in length
• its genome differs from that of Marburg virus by <50% at the nucleotide level
• its virions show almost no antigenic cross reactivity with ebolavirions

Genus organization

Genus Marburgvirus (family Filoviridae, order Mononegavirales: species and viruses

Species name	Virus name (Abbreviation)
Marburg marburgvirus* (accepted)	Marburg virus (MARV)
	Ravn virus (RAVV)

Table legend: "*" denotes type species and "accepted" refers to taxa that have been accepted by the Executive Committee of the ICTV but that have yet to be ratified.

References

1. ^ US Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service (APHIS) and US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). "National Select Agent Registry (NSAR)". http://www.selectagents.gov. Retrieved 2011-10-16. 
2. ^ US Department of Health and Human Services. "Biosafety in Microbiological and Biomedical Laboratories (BMBL) 5th Edition". http://www.cdc.gov/biosafety/publications/bmbl5/. Retrieved 2011-10-16. 
3. ^ US National Institutes of Health (NIH), US National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID). "Biodefense - NIAID Category A, B, and C Priority Pathogens". http://www.niaid.nih.gov/topics/biodefenserelated/biodefense/research/pages/cata.aspx. Retrieved 2011-10-16. 
4. ^ US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). "Bioterrorism Agents/Diseases". http://www.bt.cdc.gov/agent/agentlist-category.asp. Retrieved 2011-10-16. 
5. ^ The Australia Group. "List of Biological Agents for Export Control". http://www.australiagroup.net/en/biological_agents.html. Retrieved 2011-10-16. 
6. ^ ^{a b c d e f g h} Kuhn, J. H.; Becker, S.; Ebihara, H.; Geisbert, T. W.; Johnson, K. M.; Kawaoka, Y.; Lipkin, W. I.; Negredo, A. I. et al. (2010). "Proposal for a revised taxonomy of the family Filoviridae: Classification, names of taxa and viruses, and virus abbreviations". Archives of Virology 155 (12): 2083–2103. doi:10.1007/s00705-010-0814-x. PMC 3074192. PMID 21046175. http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=3074192.  edit
7. ^ Netesov, S. V.; Feldmann, H.; Jahrling, P. B.; Klenk, H. D.; Sanchez, A. (2000), "Family Filoviridae", in van Regenmortel, M. H. V.; Fauquet, C. M.; Bishop, D. H. L. et al., Virus Taxonomy—Seventh Report of the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses, San Diego, USA: Academic Press, pp. 539-48, ISBN 0123702003 
8. ^ Pringle, C. R. (1998). "Virus taxonomy--San Diego 1998". Archives of virology 143 (7): 1449–1459. PMID 9742051.  edit
9. ^ Feldmann, H.; Geisbert, T. W.; Jahrling, P. B.; Klenk, H.-D.; Netesov, S. V.; Peters, C. J.; Sanchez, A.; Swanepoel, R. et al. (2005), "Family Filoviridae", in Fauquet, C. M.; Mayo, M. A.; Maniloff, J. et al., Virus Taxonomy—Eighth Report of the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses, San Diego, USA: Elsevier/Academic Press, pp. 645-653, ISBN 0123702003 
10. ^ Mayo, M. A. (2002). "ICTV at the Paris ICV: results of the plenary session and the binomial ballot". Archives of Virology 147 (11): 2254–60. 

Further reading

• Klenk, Hans-Dieter (1999), Marburg and Ebola Viruses. Current Topics in Microbiology and Immunology, vol. 235, Berlin, Germany: Springer-Verlag, ISBN 978-3540647294 
• Klenk, Hans-Dieter; Feldmann, Heinz (2004), Ebola and Marburg Viruses - Molecular and Cellular Biology, Wymondham, Norfolk, UK: Horizon Bioscience, ISBN 978-0954523237 
• Kuhn, Jens H. (2008), Filoviruses - A Compendium of 40 Years of Epidemiological, Clinical, and Laboratory Studies. Archives of Virology Supplement, vol. 20, Vienna, Austria: SpringerWienNewYork, ISBN 978-3211206706 
• Martini, G. A.; Siegert, R. (1971). Marburg Virus Disease. Berlin, Germany: Springer-Verlag. ISBN 978-0387051994. 

• Ryabchikova, Elena I.; Price, Barbara B. (2004), Ebola and Marburg Viruses - A View of Infection Using Electron Microscopy, Columbus, Ohio, USA: Battelle Press, ISBN 978-1574771312 

External links

• International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV)