Die Zwillingsbrüder

The Kärntnertortheater, where Die Zwillingsbrüder was premièred in 1820. Lithograph, ca. 1830.

Die Zwillingsbrüder (The Twin Brothers, D. 647) is a one-act Singspiel (sometimes also described as a Posse mit Gesang) composed by Franz Schubert in 1819 on a libretto by Georg Ernst von Hofmann. Die Zwillingsbrüder was first performed at the Kärtnertortheater on June 14, 1820.

Hofman based the libretto on the 1818 French vaudeville Les deux Valentin (The Two Valentines) by Marc-Antoine Madeleine Désaugiers and Michel-Joseph Gentil de Chavagnac (1770-1846).^[1]

Die Zwillingsbrüder, like Schubert's other operatic works met with limited success both at the work's inception and over time. Critics attribute this to the weakness of the libretto as well as to a mismatch between the lightness of the subject matter and the refined nature of Schubert's music. In this work, Schubert's music often approaches the style of Mozart, evoking for instance Die Zauberflöte.^[2]

Roles

Caricature of baritone Johann Michael Vogl (left), who sang the role of the twin brothers at the 1820 première of Die Zwillingsbrüder, with composer Franz Schubert (right). Drawing by Franz von Schober.

Role	Voice Type	Première Cast	Approx. Age at Time of Première
Der Schultze	Bass	Josef Gottdank (1779-1849)	41
Lieschen, his daughter	Soprano	Elizabeth (Betty) Vio (Spitzeder) (c.1806-1872)	14
Anton	Tenor	Viktor Rosenfeld (1790-?)	30
Notary	Bass	Sebastian Mayer (1773-1835)	47
Franz / Friedrich Spiess	Bass	Johann Michael Vogl (1768–1840)	52
Villagers	Mixed Chorus

Synopsis

The scene takes place in a village on the Rhine, on the 18th birthday of the young heroine, Lieschen. Lieschen is eagerly awaiting her marriage to her young fiancé, Anton. The opera opens with a chorus in the couple’s honor.

Unfortunately, upon Lieschen's birth, her father, Der Schulze, had agreed with a friend, Franz Spiess, that, in exchange for a sum of money, Franz would be allowed to marry Lieschen when she came of age. Immediately following the deal, Spiess had left for the war. Franz, now an old veteran whom the villagers had presumed dead, suddenly returns, on the last day on which he can claim his bride, and Lieschen's father must keep his word.

Coincidentally, Friedrich Spiess, Franz’s twin brother, also a veteran, happens to return to the village on that same day. The Spiess brothers are both under the impression that their twin was killed in the war. Since they are identical twins and they are never in the same place at the same time, the villagers mistake them for each other. The twins' stories and behaviors do not match (while one brother strives to arrange his marriage to the heroine, the other gladly revokes his right to it), leading Der Schulze to believe that the old soldier has sustained a mentally impairing sword wound and that he is unfit to marry his daughter. After this confusion is used to comic effect in a variety of ways, the twins finally meet, and Lieschen is allowed to marry Anton.

Discography

• Christoph Spering, cond., Chorus Musicus Köln, Das Neue Orchester. Phoenix Edition. (2008)^[3]
• Peter Maag, cond., Solisti Cantori, Philharmonia Mediterranea, Bongiovanni. (1997)^[4]

References

1. ^ Francis Kayali, "Twin Plays: Die Zwillingsbrüder and Les deux Valentin" (2007)
2. ^ Stephen Eddins, Review of Franz Schubert: Der vierjährige Posten; Die Zwillingsbrüder by Christoph Spering (2008)
3. ^ Review by Stephen Eddins
4. ^ Album Information at AllMusic.com

External links

• Score
• Libretto