Synaxis

Synaxis

In Eastern Christianity (the Orthodox Church and those Eastern Catholic Churches which follow the Byzantine Rite), a Synaxis (Greek: Σύναξις; Slavonic: Собор, "Sobor") is an assembly for liturgical purposes, generally through the celebration of Vespers, Matins, Little Hours, and the Divine Liturgy.

Feast day

In Constantinople, the clergy and faithful would often gather together on specific feast days at a church dedicated to the saint of that day for liturgical celebrations. These gatherings were referred to as "synaxes". These synaxes came to have services written specifically for them. A Synaxis often occurs on the day following a Major Feast Day and is in honor of saints who participated in the event. For example, services on the Feast of Theophany (the revelation of the Trinity at the Baptism of Jesus in the Jordan) would be held at Hagia Sophia; then, the next day, a Synaxis was observed in honor of St. John the Forerunner at the church dedicated to him. Over time, the synaxes came into general use and are now celebrated in every church.

Synaxis can also refer to a common commemoration of a number of saints in a single service, such as the Synaxis of the Seventy Apostles. Each individual saint may have his or her own separate feast day, but they are all commemorated together on their synaxis.

Most synaxes are observed as fixed feasts, being celebrated on the same calendar date year after year, though some occur on the nearest Sunday to a particular date. Other synaxes are celebrated on the Paschal cycle, moving backward or forward in the calendar according to the date of Pascha (Easter) that year.

The following are Synaxes which are universally observed in the Rite of Constantinople:
* [http://ocafs.oca.org/FeastSaintsViewer.asp?SID=4&ID=1&FSID=103648 Synaxis of the Theotokos] (December 26)
* [http://ocafs.oca.org/FeastSaintsViewer.asp?SID=4&ID=1&FSID=100109 Synaxis of the Forerunner] (January 7)
* [http://ocafs.oca.org/FeastSaintsViewer.asp?SID=4&ID=1&FSID=100017 Synaxis of the Seventy Apostles] (January 4)
* [http://ocafs.oca.org/FeastSaintsViewer.asp?SID=4&ID=1&FSID=100350 Synaxis of the Three Great Hierarchs] (January 30)
* [http://ocafs.oca.org/FeastSaintsViewer.asp?SID=4&ID=1&FSID=100886 Synaxis of the Archangel Gabriel] (March 26 and [http://ocafs.oca.org/FeastSaintsViewer.asp?SID=4&ID=1&FSID=102017 July 13] )
* [http://ocafs.oca.org/FeastSaintsViewer.asp?SID=4&ID=1&FSID=101711 Synaxis of the Twelve Apostles] (June 30)
* [http://ocafs.oca.org/FeastSaintsViewer.asp?SID=4&ID=1&FSID=101462 Synaxis of the Holy Fathers of the Second Ecumenical Council] (May 22)
* [http://ocafs.oca.org/FeastSaintsViewer.asp?SID=4&ID=1&FSID=102090 Synaxis of the Holy Fathers of the Fifth Ecumenical Council] (July 25)
* [http://ocafs.oca.org/FeastSaintsViewer.asp?SID=4&ID=1&FSID=102555 Synaxis of the Holy Fathers of the Third Ecumenical Council] (September 9)
* [http://ocafs.oca.org/FeastSaintsViewer.asp?SID=4&ID=1&FSID=103244 Synaxis of the Archangel Michael and the Other Bodiless Powers] (November 8)
* [http://ocafs.oca.org/FeastSaintsViewer.asp?SID=4&ID=1&FSID=205418 Synaxis of the Holy Unmercenaries] (November 1)
* [http://ocafs.oca.org/FeastSaintsViewer.asp?SID=4&ID=1&FSID=43 Synaxis of the Holy Fathers of the First Ecumenical Council] (Sunday before Pentecost and [http://ocafs.oca.org/FeastSaintsViewer.asp?SID=4&ID=1&FSID=101563 May 29] )
* [http://ocafs.oca.org/FeastSaintsViewer.asp?SID=4&ID=1&FSID=48 Synaxis of All Saints] (Sunday after Pentecost)
* [http://ocafs.oca.org/FeastSaintsViewer.asp?SID=4&ID=1&FSID=70 Synaxis of the Holy Fathers of the Seventh Ecumenical Council] (Sunday on or after October 8)
* [http://ocafs.oca.org/FeastSaintsViewer.asp?SID=4&ID=1&FSID=100284 Synaxis of the Holy Fathers of the Sixth Ecumenical Council] (January 23)

There are also synaxes which have been composed for local observance:
* [http://ocafs.oca.org/FeastSaintsViewer.asp?FSID=103750 Synaxis of the Saints of Belarus]
* [http://ocafs.oca.org/FeastSaintsViewer.asp?SID=4&ID=1&FSID=49 Synaxis of the Saints of North America] (second Sunday after Pentecost)
* [http://ocafs.oca.org/FeastSaintsViewer.asp?SID=4&ID=1&FSID=51 Synaxis of all Saints of Pskov] (third Sunday after Pentecost)
* [http://ocafs.oca.org/FeastSaintsViewer.asp?SID=4&ID=1&FSID=100285 Synaxis of the Saints of Kostroma] (January 23)
* [http://ocafs.oca.org/FeastSaintsViewer.asp?SID=4&ID=1&FSID=100479 Synaxis of the Hierarchs of Novgorod] (February 10, October 4, and the third Sunday after Pentecost)
* [http://ocafs.oca.org/FeastSaintsViewer.asp?SID=4&ID=1&FSID=100609 Synaxis of the Venerable Fathers of the Kiev Caves Lavra] (second Sunday of Great Lent)
* [http://ocafs.oca.org/FeastSaintsViewer.asp?SID=4&ID=1&FSID=101468 Synaxis of the Rostov and Yaroslavl] (May 23)
* [http://ocafs.oca.org/FeastSaintsViewer.asp?SID=4&ID=1&FSID=101688 Synaxis of the Saints of Ryzan] (June 10)
* [http://ocafs.oca.org/FeastSaintsViewer.asp?SID=4&ID=1&FSID=101689 Synaxis of the Saints of Siberia] (June 10)
* [http://ocafs.oca.org/FeastSaintsViewer.asp?SID=4&ID=1&FSID=101796 Synaxis of the Saints of Vladimir] (June 23)
* [http://ocafs.oca.org/FeastSaintsViewer.asp?SID=4&ID=1&FSID=101949 Synaxis of the Saints of Radonezh] (July 6)
* [http://ocafs.oca.org/FeastSaintsViewer.asp?SID=4&ID=1&FSID=102256 Synaxis of the Saints of Solovki Monastery] (August 9)
* [http://ocafs.oca.org/FeastSaintsViewer.asp?SID=4&ID=1&FSID=102418 Synaxis of the Venerable Fathers of the Far Caves in Kiev] (August 28)
* [http://ocafs.oca.org/FeastSaintsViewer.asp?SID=4&ID=1&FSID=102428 Synaxis of the Serbian Hierarchs] (August 30)
* [http://ocafs.oca.org/FeastSaintsViewer.asp?SID=4&ID=1&FSID=102702 Synaxis of the Saints of Tula] (September 22)
* [http://ocafs.oca.org/FeastSaintsViewer.asp?SID=4&ID=1&FSID=102712 Synaxis of All Saints of Alaska] (September 24)
* [http://ocafs.oca.org/FeastSaintsViewer.asp?SID=4&ID=1&FSID=102757 Synaxis of the Venerable Fathers of the Near Caves in Kiev] (September 28)
* [http://ocafs.oca.org/FeastSaintsViewer.asp?SID=4&ID=1&FSID=102852 Synaxis of the Hierarchs of Kazan] (October 4)
* [http://ocafs.oca.org/FeastSaintsViewer.asp?SID=4&ID=1&FSID=102923 Synaxis of the Saints of Volhynia] (October 10)
* [http://ocafs.oca.org/FeastSaintsViewer.asp?SID=4&ID=1&FSID=103750 Synaxis of the Saints of Belarus] (second Sunday after Pentecost)
* [http://ocafs.oca.org/FeastSaintsViewer.asp?SID=4&ID=1&FSID=103801 Synaxis of the Venerable Fathers of Optina] (October 11)
* [http://ocafs.oca.org/FeastSaintsViewer.asp?SID=4&ID=1&FSID=103910 Synaxis of the Saints of Georgia] (December 11)
* [http://ocafs.oca.org/FeastSaintsViewer.asp?SID=4&ID=1&FSID=108059 Synaxis of all Saints of Serbia] (August 28)
* [http://orthodoxwiki.org/Synaxis_of_the_Hierarchs_of_Moscow Synaxis of the Hierarchs of Moscow] (October 5)

*Synaxis of all Saints of Moscow (Sunday before August 26th)
* [http://ocafs.oca.org/FeastSaintsViewer.asp?SID=4&ID=1&FSID=102078 Synaxis of the Saints of Smolensk] (Sunday closest to July 23)
*Synaxis of the Saints of Tver (Sunday closest to July 3)

Assembly

A Synaxis is a group of churchmen - especially in the Orthodox Church - who would otherwise compose a Synod but lack an officiating Patriarch.

Because they did not recognize the authority of the Latin Patriarchs following the Council of Florence, the group of churchmen opposing the Council and its Union called themselves the Synaxis. The most influential and famous of these was the monk Gennadios, better known as Georgios Scholarios, who later became Ecumenical Patriarch of Constantinople.

External links

* [http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/14383a.htm Catholic Encyclopedia]


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Look at other dictionaries:

  • Synaxis — • Means gathering, assembly, reunion. It is exactly equivalent to the Latin collecta (from colligere), and corresponds to synagogue (synagoge), the place of reunion Catholic Encyclopedia. Kevin Knight. 2006. Synaxis     Synaxis …   Catholic encyclopedia

  • Synaxis — Syn*ax is, n. [L., fr. Gr. ?, fr. ? to bring together. See {Synagogue}.] A congregation; also, formerly, the Lord s Supper. Jer. Taylor. [1913 Webster] …   The Collaborative International Dictionary of English

  • SYNAXIS — Graece Σύναξις, apud Graecos Patres, variosque medii aevi Scriptores Latinos, inter quos vide Cassiodor. l. 4. c. 16. participationem divinae Eucharistiae seu Communionem corporis et sanguinis Domini notat, praeeunte Scripturâ, Actor. c. 20. v. 7 …   Hofmann J. Lexicon universale

  • Synaxis — Sy|n|ạ|xis, die; , …xen [mgriech. sýnaxis, zu griech. synagein, ↑ Synagoge]: Gottesdienst in der griechisch orthodoxen Kirche. * * * Sy|nạ|xis, die; , ...xen [mgriech. sýnaxis, zu griech. synagein, ↑Synagoge]: Gottesdienst in der griechisch… …   Universal-Lexikon

  • Synaxis — Sy|na|xis die; , ...’axen <über spätlat. synaxis aus gleichbed. (spät)gr. sýnaxis, eigtl. »das Zusammenführen, Versammlung«, zu gr. synágein »zusammenführen, versammeln«> Messfeier in der griech. orthodoxen Kirche …   Das große Fremdwörterbuch

  • synaxis — /si nak sis/, n., pl. synaxes /si nak seez/. an assembly for religious worship, esp. for the celebration of the Eucharist. [1615 25; < LL < MGk sýnaxis, equiv. to synág(ein) to meet together (see SYNAGOGUE) + sis SIS] * * * …   Universalium

  • Synaxis der 70 Apostel — Ikone der Siebzig Jünger Die Siebzig oder Zweiundsiebzig Jünger waren frühe Jünger Jesu. Sie werden nur im Lukasevangelium (Lk 10,1 24 EU …   Deutsch Wikipedia

  • Synaxis — The liturgical office said by monks in common, usually on Saturday and Sunday. It is also used here of the individual rule of prayer which a solitary follows …   Dictionary of church terms

  • synaxis — syn·ax·is …   English syllables

  • synaxis —  Синаксис …   Вестминстерский словарь теологических терминов

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