Lefty Grove

Infobox MLB retired
name=Lefty Grove
position=Pitcher


bats=Left
throws=Left
birthdate=birth date|1900|3|6
Lonaconing, Maryland
deathdate=death date and age|1975|5|22|1900|3|6
Norwalk, Ohio
debutdate=April 14
debutyear=by|1925
debutteam=Philadelphia Athletics
finaldate=September 28
finalyear=by|1941
finalteam=Boston Red Sox
stat1label=Win-Loss record
stat1value=300-141
stat2label=Earned run average
stat2value=3.06
stat3label=Strikeouts
stat3value=2,266
teams=
* Philadelphia Athletics (by|1925-by|1933)
* Boston Red Sox (by|1934-by|1941)
highlights=
* 6x All-Star selection (1933, 1935, 1936, 1937, 1938, 1939)
* 2x World Series champion (1929, 1930)
* 1931 AL MVP
* 2x Triple Crown (1930, 1931)
hofdate=1947
hofvote=76.4% (third ballot)

Robert Moses "Lefty" Grove (March 6, 1900 – May 22, 1975) was considered one of the greatest pitchers in Major League Baseball history. Born in Lonaconing, Maryland, Grove was a sandlot star in the Baltimore area during the 1910s. His performance caught the eye of Jack Dunn, the owner of the minor league Baltimore Orioles, who also discovered Babe Ruth.

Grove joined the Orioles in 1920 and embarked on an epic minor league career which saw him regarded by some as one of the best pitchers in baseball, even before he ever threw a pitch in the majors. Breaking into the team's pitching rotation at midseason, Grove posted a 12-2 record. Over the next four seasons, he posted marks of 25-10, 18-8, 27-10 and 27-6, leading the International League in strikeouts every season.

Grove remained in the minor leagues through 1924 because Dunn, who ran an independent operation with no major-league affiliation, refused several offers from the majors to acquire him. Finally, early in 1925, Dunn agreed to sell Grove's rights to the Philadelphia Athletics for $100,500, the highest amount ever paid for a player at the time.

He battled injuries as a rookie and posted only a 10-13 record, despite leading the league in strikeouts. Grove then settled down in 1926 and won the first of a record nine earned run average (ERA) titles with a mark of 2.51. In 1927, Grove won 20 games for the first time and a year later, he led the league in wins with 24.

In 1928, Grove twice struck out the side on 9 pitches. On August 23, he did it in the second inning of a 3-1 win over the Cleveland Indians to become the third American League pitcher and seventh pitcher in Major League history to accomplish the feat. On September 27, he did it in the seventh inning of a 5-3 win over the Chicago White Sox, becoming the first pitcher in Major League history to accomplish the feat twice in a career; since then, only Sandy Koufax and Nolan Ryan, both Hall of Famers, have joined him. Grove, however, remains the only pitcher to ever do it twice in the same season, just one month and four days apart.

The Athletics won the pennant in three successive seasons (1929 to 1931), as well as two straight World Championships 1929 and 1930. During the Athletics championship run, Grove led the way as the league's top pitcher, posting records of 20-6, 28-5 and 31-4 in those years, the last of which being his best. Grove led the league in wins, ERA (2.06), strikeouts (175), winning percentage, complete games and shutouts. He was also chosen as league MVP in 1931, making him one of only a handful of pitchers to achieve this honor. His MVP Award is the only one not housed in Cooperstown, instead being housed at the Georges Creek Library in Lonaconing.

The Athletics continued to contend for the next two seasons, but finished second to the New York Yankees in 1932 and third behind the Washington Senators and Yankees in 1933. Following the 1933 season, team owner Connie Mack sold Grove to the Boston Red Sox.

At the time, the Red Sox were a bad team, and Grove didn't help much his first year, when an arm injury held him to an 8-8 record. However in 1935, Grove returned to form with a 20-12 record and a league-leading 2.70 ERA. Grove won his eighth ERA title a year later, and also led the league in that category and winning percentage in 1938. Grove did not win as many games in Boston as he did in Philadelphia, as managers protected his arm as he aged. Nevertheless, Grove continued to post outstanding records, including 14-4 in 1938 and 15-4 in 1939.Grove retired in 1941 with a career record of 300-141. His .680 lifetime winning percentage is still eighth all-time; however, none of the seven men ahead of him won more than 236 games. His lifetime ERA of 3.06, when normalized to relate to overall league ERA and adjusted for the parks in which Grove played during his career, is second only to the still-active Pedro Martínez), at 48 percent better than average.

Grove was elected to the Baseball Hall of Fame in 1947. He died in Norwalk, Ohio and was interred in the Frostburg Memorial Cemetery in Frostburg, Maryland.

In 1999, Grove ranked number 23 on The Sporting News list of Baseball's Greatest Players. He was the second highest-ranked left-handed pitcher, after Warren Spahn. That same year, Grove was elected to the Major League Baseball All-Century Team.

ee also

* Boston Red Sox Hall of Fame
* 300 win club
* List of Major League Baseball leaders in career wins
* List of Major League Baseball ERA champions
* Triple Crown
* List of Major League Baseball saves champions
* List of Major League Baseball strikeout champions
* List of Major League Baseball wins champions
* Pitchers who have struck out three batters on nine pitches
*Top 100 strikeout pitchers of all time
* Major League Baseball titles leaders

External links

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* [http://www.whilbr.org/Lefty/index.aspx Lefty Grove on Whilbr, Western Maryland History Online]